{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2943336588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2019.2914295","title":"An FPGA-Based Interface System for High-Frequency Bulk-Acoustic-Wave Microgyroscopes With In-Run Automatic Mode-Matching","display_name":"An FPGA-Based Interface System for High-Frequency Bulk-Acoustic-Wave Microgyroscopes With In-Run Automatic Mode-Matching","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2943336588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2019.2914295","mag":"2943336588"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2019.2914295","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2019.2914295","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100412233","display_name":"Chong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1742-0963"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA","Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019388756","display_name":"Haoran Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4691-701X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoran Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002367764","display_name":"S. Wisher","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306686416","display_name":"RTX (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0354t7b78","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel Wisher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA","Raytheon, Tucson, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Raytheon, Tucson, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086336475","display_name":"Arashk Norouzpour-Shirazi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204086833","display_name":"Cirrus Logic (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05t96az61","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204086833"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arashk Norouzpour-Shirazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cirrus Logic, Inc., Austin, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cirrus Logic, Inc., Austin, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204086833"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083662291","display_name":"Jun-Yang Lei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun-Yang Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100380222","display_name":"Hua Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6386-010X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801539370","display_name":"Harris Health System","ror":"https://ror.org/04m8z4n60","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801539370"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA","Harris Corporation, Orlando, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harris Corporation, Orlando, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801539370"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081523432","display_name":"Farrokh Ayazi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4539-7393"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farrokh Ayazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4539-7393","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2262,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87259152,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"4","first_page":"1783","last_page":"1793"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11160","display_name":"Acoustic Wave Resonator Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11160","display_name":"Acoustic Wave Resonator Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10369","display_name":"Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gyroscope","display_name":"Gyroscope","score":0.7560043334960938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5765228867530823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oscillation","display_name":"Oscillation (cell signaling)","score":0.5602566599845886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.5526797771453857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overshoot","display_name":"Overshoot (microwave communication)","score":0.5509093999862671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.44973719120025635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.44903090596199036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-acoustic-wave","display_name":"Surface acoustic wave","score":0.44027090072631836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4154580533504486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.34576988220214844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.338462233543396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2503713071346283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.18930786848068237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10008150339126587}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158488048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483400","display_name":"Gyroscope","level":2,"score":0.7560043334960938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5765228867530823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778439541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7106412","display_name":"Oscillation (cell signaling)","level":2,"score":0.5602566599845886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.5526797771453857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780323453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113957","display_name":"Overshoot (microwave communication)","level":2,"score":0.5509093999862671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.44973719120025635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.44903090596199036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162954803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424074","display_name":"Surface acoustic wave","level":2,"score":0.44027090072631836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4154580533504486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.34576988220214844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.338462233543396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2503713071346283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18930786848068237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10008150339126587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2019.2914295","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2019.2914295","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5792743163","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W31P4Q-12-1-0004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309321","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W984417604","https://openalex.org/W1514633855","https://openalex.org/W1541128459","https://openalex.org/W2000143927","https://openalex.org/W2032546725","https://openalex.org/W2055925236","https://openalex.org/W2060197691","https://openalex.org/W2063055227","https://openalex.org/W2064279082","https://openalex.org/W2077528659","https://openalex.org/W2099722018","https://openalex.org/W2114953806","https://openalex.org/W2129744422","https://openalex.org/W2140246545","https://openalex.org/W2161403805","https://openalex.org/W2197788712","https://openalex.org/W2262145763","https://openalex.org/W2288861649","https://openalex.org/W2343925558","https://openalex.org/W2548677181","https://openalex.org/W2568677893","https://openalex.org/W2607547426","https://openalex.org/W2745034256","https://openalex.org/W2761234876","https://openalex.org/W2779613249","https://openalex.org/W2786474891","https://openalex.org/W2801081308","https://openalex.org/W2801435146","https://openalex.org/W2802299952","https://openalex.org/W2912522159"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1889129279","https://openalex.org/W4387451989","https://openalex.org/W2532412374","https://openalex.org/W2063137106","https://openalex.org/W23275807","https://openalex.org/W2358715846","https://openalex.org/W2761234876","https://openalex.org/W2153246813","https://openalex.org/W2168042464","https://openalex.org/W4229455305"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,34],"digital":[4,36],"gyroscope":[5],"interface":[6],"system":[7,64,131],"for":[8,40],"high-frequency":[9],"bulk-acoustic-wave":[10],"(BAW)":[11],"gyroscopes":[12,55],"with":[13,94],"in-run":[14,95],"automatic":[15],"mode-matching":[16],"(AMM)":[17],"capability.":[18],"The":[19,73,91,119],"presented":[20],"work":[21],"demonstrates":[22],"the":[23,28,62,67,70,99,103,125,128,143],"design":[24],"and":[25,44,49,83,122],"implementation":[26],"of":[27,46,69,102,127],"dual-mode":[29],"(DM)":[30],"operation":[31,93],"architecture":[32],"on":[33,58],"flexible":[35],"platform,":[37],"which":[38],"allows":[39],"low-cost":[41],"rapid":[42],"development":[43],"evaluation":[45],"new":[47],"functions":[48],"architectures.":[50],"Two":[51],"prototype":[52],"silicon":[53],"BAW":[54],"are":[56,132],"tested":[57],"this":[59],"platform":[60],"using":[61],"proposed":[63],"to":[65,106,114,142],"verify":[66],"advantages":[68],"DM":[71,76,92,129],"architecture.":[72,145],"AMM":[74,96],"in":[75],"showed":[77],"below":[78],"4-ppb":[79],"mode":[80],"split":[81],"accuracy":[82],"fast":[84],"converge":[85],"time":[86],"without":[87],"overshoot":[88],"or":[89],"oscillation.":[90],"substantially":[97],"reduced":[98],"bias":[100],"drift":[101],"gyros,":[104],"leading":[105],"significantly":[107],"lower":[108],"rate":[109],"random":[110],"walk":[111],"(RRW)":[112],"compared":[113,141],"conventional":[115],"single-mode":[116],"(SM)":[117],"operation.":[118],"performance":[120],"repeatability":[121],"stability":[123],"over":[124],"temperature":[126],"gyro":[130],"characterized,":[133],"showing":[134],"as":[135,137],"high":[136],"$50\\times":[138],"$":[139],"improvement":[140],"SM":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
