{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2893464634","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2018.2868519","title":"Time-Frequency Squeezing and Generalized Demodulation Combined for Variable Speed Bearing Fault Diagnosis","display_name":"Time-Frequency Squeezing and Generalized Demodulation Combined for Variable Speed Bearing Fault Diagnosis","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2893464634","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2018.2868519","mag":"2893464634"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2018.2868519","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2018.2868519","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072145928","display_name":"Weiguo Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6734-2019"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3923682","display_name":"Soochow University","ror":"https://ror.org/05t8y2r12","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiguo Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Rail Transportation, Soochow University, Suzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6734-2019","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Rail Transportation, Soochow University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007581283","display_name":"Guanqi Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3809-1573"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3923682","display_name":"Soochow University","ror":"https://ror.org/05t8y2r12","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guanqi Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Rail Transportation, Soochow University, Suzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Rail Transportation, Soochow University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100369041","display_name":"Ning Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7015-6719"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3923682","display_name":"Soochow University","ror":"https://ror.org/05t8y2r12","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Rail Transportation, Soochow University, Suzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Rail Transportation, Soochow University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008653906","display_name":"Xingxing Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2987-6930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3923682","display_name":"Soochow University","ror":"https://ror.org/05t8y2r12","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingxing Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Rail Transportation, Soochow University, Suzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Rail Transportation, Soochow University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109131779","display_name":"Zhongkui Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3392-1020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3923682","display_name":"Soochow University","ror":"https://ror.org/05t8y2r12","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongkui Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Rail Transportation, Soochow University, Suzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Rail Transportation, Soochow University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.6656,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":153,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98602679,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"8","first_page":"2819","last_page":"2829"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11062","display_name":"Gear and Bearing Dynamics Analysis","score":0.9864000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9761999845504761,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demodulation","display_name":"Demodulation","score":0.6711243391036987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time\u2013frequency-analysis","display_name":"Time\u2013frequency analysis","score":0.5602138638496399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.526612401008606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.523533821105957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bearing","display_name":"Bearing (navigation)","score":0.48526856303215027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.45077985525131226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resampling","display_name":"Resampling","score":0.43987542390823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-detection-and-isolation","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","score":0.4368324875831604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.38082730770111084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.355072021484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3272954821586609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3225741386413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21170923113822937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.195858895778656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.15630778670310974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.14407625794410706}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195251586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185939","display_name":"Demodulation","level":3,"score":0.6711243391036987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142433447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7806653","display_name":"Time\u2013frequency analysis","level":3,"score":0.5602138638496399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.526612401008606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.523533821105957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199978012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273815","display_name":"Bearing (navigation)","level":2,"score":0.48526856303215027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.45077985525131226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150921843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1170431","display_name":"Resampling","level":2,"score":0.43987542390823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.4368324875831604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.38082730770111084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.355072021484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3272954821586609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3225741386413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21170923113822937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.195858895778656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.15630778670310974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14407625794410706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2018.2868519","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2018.2868519","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1229983430","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK 20160318","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4776020149","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51605319","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4979662625","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51705349","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G526501543","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201706920010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8803188856","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51405320","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1806901146","https://openalex.org/W1977116540","https://openalex.org/W1978961512","https://openalex.org/W2004436946","https://openalex.org/W2030771094","https://openalex.org/W2053443947","https://openalex.org/W2057085895","https://openalex.org/W2065268828","https://openalex.org/W2067376192","https://openalex.org/W2075565834","https://openalex.org/W2087541440","https://openalex.org/W2090218979","https://openalex.org/W2093566482","https://openalex.org/W2100620757","https://openalex.org/W2102520158","https://openalex.org/W2115954437","https://openalex.org/W2122470519","https://openalex.org/W2133320488","https://openalex.org/W2170158130","https://openalex.org/W2281423339","https://openalex.org/W2296231270","https://openalex.org/W2318539394","https://openalex.org/W2337001254","https://openalex.org/W2411302103","https://openalex.org/W2416940920","https://openalex.org/W2509149017","https://openalex.org/W2563167163","https://openalex.org/W2579673765","https://openalex.org/W2603233227","https://openalex.org/W2603304445","https://openalex.org/W2623554742","https://openalex.org/W2748511798","https://openalex.org/W2754962589","https://openalex.org/W2767234670","https://openalex.org/W2770183464","https://openalex.org/W2789504340"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1996543123","https://openalex.org/W4388516297","https://openalex.org/W2010761432","https://openalex.org/W4389302182","https://openalex.org/W4229074657","https://openalex.org/W2089955640","https://openalex.org/W1978322239","https://openalex.org/W2146363836","https://openalex.org/W4285175290","https://openalex.org/W2070047532"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"High-resolution":[0],"time-frequency":[1,58],"representation":[2],"(TFR)":[3],"method":[4,22,61,74,122,220],"is":[5,23,99,128,149],"effective":[6],"for":[7,14,147,168],"signal":[8,214],"analysis":[9,133,163,215,231],"and":[10,27,62,83,105,204,212,232],"feature":[11],"detection.":[12],"However,":[13],"variable":[15,68],"speed":[16,69],"bearing":[17,70,103,187],"vibration":[18],"signal,":[19],"conventional":[20,229],"TFR":[21,167],"prone":[24],"to":[25,66,93,101,130,137,170],"blur":[26],"affect":[28],"the":[29,32,37,77,95,112,131,135,144,153,157,161,166,177,183,186,201,218],"accuracy":[30],"of":[31,134,208],"instantaneous":[33],"frequency":[34,81,115,145],"estimation.":[35],"Moreover,":[36],"traditional":[38],"order":[39],"tracking,":[40],"relying":[41],"on":[42,124,176,228],"equi-angular":[43],"resampling,":[44],"usually":[45],"suffers":[46],"from":[47,86,142,182],"interpolation":[48],"error.":[49],"To":[50],"solve":[51],"such":[52],"problems,":[53],"we":[54],"propose":[55],"a":[56,118,139,172],"joint":[57],"(TF)":[59],"squeezing":[60],"generalized":[63],"demodulation":[64],"(GD)":[65],"realize":[67],"fault":[71,79,188],"diagnosis.":[72],"The":[73],"can":[75,189],"represent":[76],"time-varying":[78],"characteristic":[80],"precisely":[82],"be":[84,190],"free":[85],"resampling.":[87,209,233],"First,":[88],"using":[89],"fast":[90],"spectral":[91],"kurtosis":[92],"select":[94],"optimal-frequency":[96],"band":[97],"which":[98,143],"sensitive":[100],"rolling":[102],"fault,":[104],"extracting":[106],"envelope":[107,136],"by":[108],"Hilbert":[109],"transform":[110,127],"within":[111],"selected":[113],"optimal":[114],"band.":[116],"Next,":[117],"high-quality":[119],"TF":[120,132,162,180,230],"clustering":[121],"based":[123,227],"short-time":[125],"Fourier":[126],"applied":[129],"get":[138],"clear":[140],"TFR,":[141,185],"information":[146,181],"GD":[148,169,193],"obtained.":[150],"Finally,":[151],"processing":[152],"basic":[154],"demodulator":[155],"via":[156,192],"peak":[158],"search":[159],"through":[160],"results":[164],"in":[165],"gain":[171],"resampling-free-order":[173],"spectrum.":[174],"Based":[175],"more":[178],"precise":[179],"clearer":[184],"diagnosed":[191],"without":[194],"tachometer":[195],"or":[196],"any":[197],"resampling":[198],"involved,":[199],"avoiding":[200],"amplitude":[202],"error":[203],"low":[205],"computational":[206],"efficiency":[207],"Simulation":[210],"study":[211],"experimental":[213],"validate":[216],"that":[217],"proposed":[219],"has":[221],"better":[222],"performance":[223],"than":[224],"those":[225],"methods":[226]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}