{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2795461480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2018.2813778","title":"Development of a Novel Settlement Monitoring System Using Fiber-Optic Liquid-Level Transducers With Automatic Temperature Compensation","display_name":"Development of a Novel Settlement Monitoring System Using Fiber-Optic Liquid-Level Transducers With Automatic Temperature Compensation","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-04-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2795461480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2018.2813778","mag":"2795461480"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2018.2813778","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2018.2813778","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027254467","display_name":"Dongsheng Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5586-8478"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong-Sheng Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5586-8478","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078456250","display_name":"Huabei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3833-0019"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua-Bei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001004670","display_name":"Weili Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5426-7788"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei-Li Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5426-7788","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3569,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89113501,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"9","first_page":"2214","last_page":"2222"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.9635000228881836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transducer","display_name":"Transducer","score":0.8133386373519897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-bragg-grating","display_name":"Fiber Bragg grating","score":0.7325019836425781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-fiber","display_name":"Optical fiber","score":0.6414579153060913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compensation","display_name":"Compensation (psychology)","score":0.5893228650093079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-optic-sensor","display_name":"Fiber optic sensor","score":0.5614949464797974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.560429573059082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cantilever","display_name":"Cantilever","score":0.5509350895881653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.4983501434326172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.4950205683708191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.44799676537513733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength","display_name":"Wavelength","score":0.40945690870285034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.38823291659355164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2865769863128662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.25942713022232056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.20181015133857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11222013831138611}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56318395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215928","display_name":"Transducer","level":2,"score":0.8133386373519897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43091971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397391","display_name":"Fiber Bragg grating","level":3,"score":0.7325019836425781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.6414579153060913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780023022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1338171","display_name":"Compensation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5893228650093079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21651689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397427","display_name":"Fiber optic sensor","level":3,"score":0.5614949464797974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.560429573059082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141354745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17227","display_name":"Cantilever","level":2,"score":0.5509350895881653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.4983501434326172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.4950205683708191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.44799676537513733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.40945690870285034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.38823291659355164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2865769863128662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.25942713022232056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.20181015133857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11222013831138611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2018.2813778","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2018.2813778","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6499999761581421,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3056861785","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017KFYXJJ138","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321883","funder_display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4689639417","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51508215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321883","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1560336396","https://openalex.org/W1970537732","https://openalex.org/W1981416331","https://openalex.org/W1986962317","https://openalex.org/W1987153286","https://openalex.org/W1988949271","https://openalex.org/W2012310964","https://openalex.org/W2036270136","https://openalex.org/W2044232649","https://openalex.org/W2049809104","https://openalex.org/W2059329502","https://openalex.org/W2061434404","https://openalex.org/W2135779226","https://openalex.org/W2155281980","https://openalex.org/W2412432525","https://openalex.org/W2605471920","https://openalex.org/W2610239741","https://openalex.org/W2766620079","https://openalex.org/W2778465918"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2725072038","https://openalex.org/W2770788502","https://openalex.org/W3139265640","https://openalex.org/W2052038504","https://openalex.org/W2032245394","https://openalex.org/W2349782326","https://openalex.org/W4312466761","https://openalex.org/W2169740737","https://openalex.org/W3206408513","https://openalex.org/W1971126557"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,105,125],"novel":[1],"monitoring":[2,13,65,107],"system":[3,66,108,130,145],"using":[4],"innovative":[5],"fiberoptical":[6],"liquid-level":[7,21,53,77],"transducers":[8,70,78,115],"is":[9,43,137],"proposed":[10],"for":[11,146],"continuously":[12],"the":[14,37,41,47,82,91,113,129,141,144],"settlement":[15,64,106],"of":[16,40,58,68,128,143],"geotechnical":[17],"infrastructures.":[18],"Each":[19],"fiber-optical":[20,76],"transducer":[22,61],"has":[23],"two":[24],"fiber":[25],"Bragg":[26],"gratings":[27],"(FBGs)":[28],"embedded":[29],"in":[30,73,81,147],"an":[31,59,121],"elongated":[32],"cantilever":[33],"beam":[34],"such":[35],"that":[36,132],"temperature":[38],"effect":[39],"FBGs":[42],"automatically":[44],"compensated":[45],"and":[46,62,90,97],"Bragg's":[48],"wavelength":[49],"shift":[50],"indicates":[51],"a":[52,63,102,117],"change.":[54],"The":[55,84],"operating":[56],"principles":[57],"individual":[60],"consisting":[67],"multiple":[69],"are":[71],"described":[72],"detail.":[74],"Four":[75],"were":[79],"fabricated":[80],"laboratory.":[83],"measurement":[85,135],"range":[86],"was":[87,94,98,109],"\u00b175.61":[88],"mm,":[89],"designed":[92],"sensitivity":[93],"0.089":[95],"\u03bc\u03b5/mm":[96],"then":[99],"updated":[100],"through":[101],"calibration":[103],"test.":[104],"formed":[110],"by":[111],"connecting":[112],"four":[114],"with":[116],"water":[118],"tank":[119],"as":[120],"automatic":[122],"level":[123],"controller.":[124],"demonstration":[126],"test":[127],"showed":[131],"its":[133],"relative":[134],"error":[136],"within":[138],"4%,":[139],"confirming":[140],"feasibility":[142],"situ":[148],"applications.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
