{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2404073445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2016.2559950","title":"Enhancing Accuracy and Robustness of Frequency Transfer Using Synchronous Ethernet and Multiple Network Paths","display_name":"Enhancing Accuracy and Robustness of Frequency Transfer Using Synchronous Ethernet and Multiple Network Paths","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-05-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2404073445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2016.2559950","mag":"2404073445"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2016.2559950","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2016.2559950","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065823652","display_name":"Mattia Rizzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2551-5866"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79940851","display_name":"University of Brescia","ror":"https://ror.org/02q2d2610","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79940851"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mattia Rizzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2551-5866","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79940851"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007335960","display_name":"Stefano Rinaldi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7300-1053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79940851","display_name":"University of Brescia","ror":"https://ror.org/02q2d2610","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79940851"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Rinaldi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79940851"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017887033","display_name":"Paolo Ferrari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6349-4410"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79940851","display_name":"University of Brescia","ror":"https://ror.org/02q2d2610","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79940851"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paolo Ferrari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79940851"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087795637","display_name":"Alessandra Flammini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2046-0720"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79940851","display_name":"University of Brescia","ror":"https://ror.org/02q2d2610","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79940851"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandra Flammini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79940851"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045097296","display_name":"Daniele Fontanelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5486-9989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniele Fontanelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015955356","display_name":"David Macii","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7736-5188"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Macii","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1332,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80736397,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"8","first_page":"1926","last_page":"1936"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12004","display_name":"Advanced Frequency and Time Standards","score":0.9886999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.98089998960495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6905800700187683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.6744076013565063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6063051819801331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethernet-flow-control","display_name":"Ethernet flow control","score":0.5507977604866028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronous-ethernet","display_name":"Synchronous Ethernet","score":0.5385243892669678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethernet","display_name":"Ethernet","score":0.5126304030418396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.4472877085208893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4397146999835968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4375416040420532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.4239652156829834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3651900291442871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2859417796134949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.1565926969051361}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6905800700187683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.6744076013565063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6063051819801331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68178114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5403359","display_name":"Ethernet flow control","level":3,"score":0.5507977604866028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205215620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7662206","display_name":"Synchronous Ethernet","level":3,"score":0.5385243892669678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172173386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79984","display_name":"Ethernet","level":2,"score":0.5126304030418396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.4472877085208893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4397146999835968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4375416040420532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.4239652156829834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3651900291442871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2859417796134949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.1565926969051361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2016.2559950","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2016.2559950","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unibs.it:11379/486040","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11379/486040","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400804","display_name":"Institutional Research Information System (Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Brescia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","host_organization_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unitn.it:11572/159225","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11572/159225","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196320","display_name":"Iris (University of Trento)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","host_organization_name":"University of Trento","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486570157","https://openalex.org/W1531532259","https://openalex.org/W1541558388","https://openalex.org/W1551998181","https://openalex.org/W1601803999","https://openalex.org/W1967368511","https://openalex.org/W1989170601","https://openalex.org/W1990336694","https://openalex.org/W1998679218","https://openalex.org/W2017109703","https://openalex.org/W2021726679","https://openalex.org/W2025375275","https://openalex.org/W2025629752","https://openalex.org/W2044978933","https://openalex.org/W2047570144","https://openalex.org/W2053382486","https://openalex.org/W2057475323","https://openalex.org/W2059449333","https://openalex.org/W2071680320","https://openalex.org/W2072990606","https://openalex.org/W2096827110","https://openalex.org/W2097534395","https://openalex.org/W2100846830","https://openalex.org/W2101901245","https://openalex.org/W2102694275","https://openalex.org/W2106292951","https://openalex.org/W2108350483","https://openalex.org/W2109711330","https://openalex.org/W2110920921","https://openalex.org/W2118317858","https://openalex.org/W2129249398","https://openalex.org/W2137564825","https://openalex.org/W2139794159","https://openalex.org/W2141034103","https://openalex.org/W2148242816","https://openalex.org/W2163895132","https://openalex.org/W2164802483","https://openalex.org/W2238582461","https://openalex.org/W2439020672","https://openalex.org/W2498631646","https://openalex.org/W4229530126","https://openalex.org/W4256522330"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2356973692","https://openalex.org/W2129255461","https://openalex.org/W2348394835","https://openalex.org/W2548906558","https://openalex.org/W2103919863","https://openalex.org/W2094863561","https://openalex.org/W2363536848","https://openalex.org/W2389482485","https://openalex.org/W2368943933","https://openalex.org/W1905617200"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Distributed":[0],"measurement":[1],"and":[2,20,71,104,112,117,137,150,163,188],"control":[3],"systems":[4],"often":[5],"rely":[6],"on":[7,106,144,176],"time":[8,25,172],"synchronization":[9],"protocols":[10],"over":[11,67],"Ethernet.":[12],"Recently,":[13],"it":[14],"has":[15,131],"been":[16,132],"shown":[17],"that":[18,122,154],"estimating":[19],"compensating":[21],"for":[22,109],"not":[23],"only":[24],"offsets,":[26],"but":[27],"also":[28],"frequency":[29,86,99,205],"skews":[30],"is":[31,174,200],"of":[32,40,58,101,165,192,196],"crucial":[33],"importance":[34],"to":[35,77],"meet":[36],"the":[37,56,97,155,161,166,171,197],"accuracy":[38],"requirements":[39],"high-end":[41],"applications.":[42],"In":[43],"this":[44,46],"respect,":[45],"paper":[47],"presents":[48],"a":[49,64,79,83,89,107,114,118,124,140,145,203],"new":[50],"technique":[51],"capable":[52],"of:":[53],"1)":[54],"measuring":[55],"jitter":[57,162],"multiple":[59],"reference":[60],"signals":[61,199],"received":[62],"by":[63,178,189,202],"single":[65,90],"node":[66],"different":[68],"network":[69],"paths":[70],"2)":[72],"combining":[73],"them":[74],"in":[75],"order":[76],"synthesize":[78],"downstream":[80],"signal":[81],"with":[82],"more":[84],"stable":[85,183],"than":[87],"using":[88,139],"reference.":[91],"The":[92,128],"proposed":[93,156],"algorithm":[94,129],"can":[95,158],"exploit":[96],"native":[98],"transport":[100],"Synchronous":[102],"Ethernet":[103],"relies":[105],"module":[108],"outlier":[110],"identification":[111],"removal,":[113],"Kalman":[115],"filter,":[116],"linear":[119],"quadratic":[120],"regulator":[121],"drives":[123],"local":[125],"voltage-controlled":[126],"oscillator.":[127],"performance":[130],"evaluated":[133],"through":[134],"both":[135],"simulations":[136],"experiments":[138],"prototype":[141],"platform":[142],"based":[143],"field-programmable":[146],"gate":[147],"array.":[148],"Simulation":[149],"experimental":[151],"results":[152],"confirm":[153],"approach":[157],"strongly":[159],"decrease":[160],"wander":[164],"generated":[167],"signal.":[168],"For":[169],"instance,":[170],"deviation":[173],"reduced":[175],"average":[177],"about":[179],"30%":[180],"when":[181,194],"three":[182],"input":[184,198],"references":[185],"are":[186],"merged":[187],"several":[190],"orders":[191],"magnitude":[193],"one":[195],"affected":[201],"large":[204],"step.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
