{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1972548677","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2014.2383111","title":"A Determination of the Local Acceleration of Gravity for the NIST-4 Watt Balance","display_name":"A Determination of the Local Acceleration of Gravity for the NIST-4 Watt Balance","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1972548677","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2014.2383111","mag":"1972548677"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2014.2383111","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2014.2383111","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1412.4143","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035920500","display_name":"Eric J. Leaman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0241-6400"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eric J. Leaman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanical Engineering Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","Mechanical Engineering Dept., Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering Dept., Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082876796","display_name":"D. Haddad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9716-3310"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Darine Haddad","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA","National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072752212","display_name":"F. Seifert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4963-5424"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Seifert","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA","National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089943656","display_name":"Leon Chao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7589-4019"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leon S. Chao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA","National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041542463","display_name":"A. Cao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Austin Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA","National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018818456","display_name":"Jon R. Pratt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3175-2216"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jon R. Pratt","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA","National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073846453","display_name":"Stephan Schlamminger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9270-4018"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephan Schlamminger","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA","National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006474578","display_name":"David B. Newell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2612-1172"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David B. Newell","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA","National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035920500"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0325,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90214765,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"64","issue":"6","first_page":"1663","last_page":"1669"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11890","display_name":"Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty Evaluation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11890","display_name":"Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty Evaluation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12564","display_name":"Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13414","display_name":"Radioactive Decay and Measurement Techniques","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nist","display_name":"NIST","score":0.8750600218772888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acceleration","display_name":"Acceleration","score":0.6935556530952454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realization","display_name":"Realization (probability)","score":0.6418951153755188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gravimeter","display_name":"Gravimeter","score":0.6326617002487183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kilogram","display_name":"Kilogram","score":0.6297398805618286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planck-constant","display_name":"Planck constant","score":0.546271562576294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.42945578694343567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.3574106693267822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.3291642665863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3272417485713959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.27092230319976807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22979271411895752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometry","display_name":"Interferometry","score":0.1800042986869812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classical-mechanics","display_name":"Classical mechanics","score":0.16950103640556335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.16651740670204163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10903695225715637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.09086963534355164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111219384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6954384","display_name":"NIST","level":2,"score":0.8750600218772888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117896860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11376","display_name":"Acceleration","level":2,"score":0.6935556530952454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21856745","display_name":"Realization (probability)","level":2,"score":0.6418951153755188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139974479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q499964","display_name":"Gravimeter","level":3,"score":0.6326617002487183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207892153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11570","display_name":"Kilogram","level":3,"score":0.6297398805618286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197111296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122894","display_name":"Planck constant","level":3,"score":0.546271562576294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.42945578694343567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.3574106693267822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.3291642665863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3272417485713959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.27092230319976807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22979271411895752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166689943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850283","display_name":"Interferometry","level":2,"score":0.1800042986869812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.16950103640556335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.16651740670204163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10903695225715637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.09086963534355164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147583825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620876","display_name":"Body weight","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2014.2383111","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2014.2383111","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1412.4143","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1412.4143","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1412.4143","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1412.4143","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1412.4143","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1412.4143","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.46000000834465027,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983330613","https://openalex.org/W2007068051","https://openalex.org/W2072792249","https://openalex.org/W2085160823","https://openalex.org/W2139126750","https://openalex.org/W2153424353","https://openalex.org/W2168063094","https://openalex.org/W2317263996","https://openalex.org/W2318012087","https://openalex.org/W2467077495","https://openalex.org/W2985508957","https://openalex.org/W4211186737","https://openalex.org/W4229520506","https://openalex.org/W4285421256"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515535964","https://openalex.org/W2120708932","https://openalex.org/W2069614668","https://openalex.org/W1941647292","https://openalex.org/W1579528816","https://openalex.org/W2732568160","https://openalex.org/W2252780421","https://openalex.org/W3151110873","https://openalex.org/W2169249246","https://openalex.org/W2010666457"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"new":[1],"watt":[2],"balance":[3],"is":[4],"being":[5],"constructed":[6],"at":[7,68],"the":[8,18,21,27,36,58,69,80,98,119,122,128,138],"National":[9],"Institute":[10],"of":[11,20,24,29,35,47,71,82,103],"Standards":[12],"and":[13,26,100,133,140],"Technology":[14],"in":[15,51,87,118],"preparation":[16],"for":[17,44],"redefinition":[19],"International":[22],"System":[23],"Units":[25],"realization":[28],"mass":[30,74,124],"through":[31],"an":[32,115],"exact":[33],"value":[34],"Planck":[37],"constant.":[38],"The":[39],"total":[40],"relative":[41,77],"uncertainty":[42,78],"goal":[43],"this":[45,95],"instrument":[46],"a":[48,72,76,84],"few":[49,85],"parts":[50,86],"10":[52,88],"<sup":[53,89],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[54,90],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">8</sup>":[55],"requires":[56],"that":[57,109],"local":[59],"acceleration":[60],"due":[61],"to":[62,65,121,131],"gravity":[63,104,110,135],"has":[64],"be":[66,106,112],"known":[67,107],"location":[70],"test":[73],"with":[75],"on":[79],"order":[81],"only":[83],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">9</sup>":[91],".":[92],"To":[93],"make":[94],"determination,":[96],"both":[97],"horizontal":[99],"vertical":[101],"gradients":[102],"must":[105],"such":[108],"may":[111],"tied":[113],"from":[114],"absolute":[116],"reference":[117],"laboratory":[120,139],"precise":[123],"location.":[125],"We":[126],"describe":[127],"procedures":[129],"used":[130],"model":[132],"measure":[134],"variations":[136],"throughout":[137],"give":[141],"our":[142],"results.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}