{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2052414052","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2014.2298618","title":"Novel Reflectometer for Millimeter-Wave 3-D Holographic Imaging","display_name":"Novel Reflectometer for Millimeter-Wave 3-D Holographic Imaging","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2052414052","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2014.2298618","mag":"2052414052"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2014.2298618","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2014.2298618","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110664538","display_name":"Mohammad Tayeb Ghasr","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Tayeb Ghasr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Missouri S&T, Applied Microwave Nondestructive Testing Laboratory, Rolla, MO, USA","Appl. Microwave Nondestructive Testing Lab., Missouri Univ. of Sci. & Technol., Rolla, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Missouri S&T, Applied Microwave Nondestructive Testing Laboratory, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Appl. Microwave Nondestructive Testing Lab., Missouri Univ. of Sci. & Technol., Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108676702","display_name":"Joseph T. Case","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph T. Case","raw_affiliation_strings":["Missouri S&T, Applied Microwave Nondestructive Testing Laboratory, Rolla, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Missouri S&T, Applied Microwave Nondestructive Testing Laboratory, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088505165","display_name":"Reza Zoughi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-1551"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reza Zoughi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Missouri S&T, Applied Microwave Nondestructive Testing Laboratory, Rolla, MO, USA","Appl. Microwave Nondestructive Testing Lab., Missouri Univ. of Sci. & Technol., Rolla, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Missouri S&T, Applied Microwave Nondestructive Testing Laboratory, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Appl. Microwave Nondestructive Testing Lab., Missouri Univ. of Sci. & Technol., Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5552,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90631394,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":"5","first_page":"1328","last_page":"1336"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11607","display_name":"Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11607","display_name":"Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10752","display_name":"Terahertz technology and applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/holography","display_name":"Holography","score":0.7609213590621948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nondestructive-testing","display_name":"Nondestructive testing","score":0.6004773378372192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband","display_name":"Wideband","score":0.582099974155426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.5803434252738953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.5801116228103638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave-imaging","display_name":"Microwave imaging","score":0.44936007261276245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/millimeter","display_name":"Millimeter","score":0.44113099575042725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometry","display_name":"Interferometry","score":0.43470829725265503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4275449216365814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.34322500228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3048931360244751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10028418898582458}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187590223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q527628","display_name":"Holography","level":2,"score":0.7609213590621948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56529433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q626700","display_name":"Nondestructive testing","level":2,"score":0.6004773378372192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.582099974155426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5803434252738953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.5801116228103638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779885931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17010029","display_name":"Microwave imaging","level":3,"score":0.44936007261276245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109792285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174789","display_name":"Millimeter","level":2,"score":0.44113099575042725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166689943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850283","display_name":"Interferometry","level":2,"score":0.43470829725265503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4275449216365814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.34322500228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3048931360244751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10028418898582458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2014.2298618","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2014.2298618","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1534115962","https://openalex.org/W1965598877","https://openalex.org/W2040842969","https://openalex.org/W2065383015","https://openalex.org/W2078940259","https://openalex.org/W2080379861","https://openalex.org/W2088478807","https://openalex.org/W2093374674","https://openalex.org/W2095109669","https://openalex.org/W2096138655","https://openalex.org/W2097345121","https://openalex.org/W2104527644","https://openalex.org/W2105704179","https://openalex.org/W2107625025","https://openalex.org/W2125632720","https://openalex.org/W2129033542","https://openalex.org/W2138946947","https://openalex.org/W2142389558","https://openalex.org/W2143728857","https://openalex.org/W2147373126","https://openalex.org/W2152543864","https://openalex.org/W2155684415","https://openalex.org/W2166383957","https://openalex.org/W4231662988","https://openalex.org/W4237444331","https://openalex.org/W4300462983","https://openalex.org/W6676369166"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2317169686","https://openalex.org/W3159902002","https://openalex.org/W1185324648","https://openalex.org/W2539553997","https://openalex.org/W2363237216","https://openalex.org/W2033762247","https://openalex.org/W2530392398","https://openalex.org/W1997983170","https://openalex.org/W2752062855","https://openalex.org/W4234622976"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Small,":[0],"portable,":[1],"and":[2,13,41,93,144],"wideband":[3,43],"millimeter-wave":[4,152],"imaging":[5,14],"systems":[6,18,32],"are":[7,19,113],"used":[8],"in":[9,167],"many":[10,53],"nondestructive":[11,54],"testing":[12,55],"applications,":[15,56],"as":[16,159,161],"these":[17],"capable":[20,33,105,147],"of":[21,25,28,34,58,62,67,73,83,95,106,111,114,131,148,156,164],"producing":[22,35,107,149],"high-resolution":[23],"images":[24,38,110,128,166],"the":[26,70,74,81,91,123,157],"interior":[27],"composite":[29],"structures.":[30],"Typically,":[31],"holographic":[36,150],"3-D":[37,108,126,151],"incorporate":[39],"expensive":[40],"bulky":[42],"heterodyne":[44],"coherent":[45,84],"reflectometers":[46,85],"or":[47],"commercial":[48],"vector":[49],"network":[50],"analyzers.":[51],"In":[52,78],"evaluation":[57],"electrical":[59],"property":[60],"distribution":[61,72],"an":[63],"object":[64,75],"is":[65,76,99,170],"not":[66,100],"interest;":[68],"instead,":[69],"geometrical":[71],"studied.":[77],"such":[79],"cases,":[80],"use":[82],"that":[86],"provides":[87],"referenced":[88],"information":[89,121],"about":[90,122],"magnitude":[92],"phase":[94],"a":[96,140],"reflected":[97],"signal":[98],"required.":[101],"Consequently,":[102],"simpler":[103],"reflectometers,":[104],"holographical":[109,127],"objects":[112],"great":[115],"value":[116],"since":[117],"they":[118],"reveal":[119],"significant":[120],"object.":[124],"Moreover,":[125],"enable":[129],"production":[130],"image":[132],"slices":[133],"at":[134],"different":[135],"depths.":[136],"This":[137],"paper":[138],"presents":[139],"novel":[141],"wideband,":[142],"small,":[143],"low-cost":[145],"reflectometer":[146],"images.":[153],"The":[154],"design":[155],"reflectometer,":[158],"well":[160],"several":[162],"examples":[163],"produced":[165],"diverse":[168],"materials,":[169],"provided.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
