{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1975940050","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2013.2276487","title":"Automated Irrigation System Using a Wireless Sensor Network and GPRS Module","display_name":"Automated Irrigation System Using a Wireless Sensor Network and GPRS Module","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-08-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1975940050","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2013.2276487","mag":"1975940050"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2013.2276487","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2013.2276487","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065956271","display_name":"Joaqu\u00edn Guti\u00e9rrez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2298-9898"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120569","display_name":"Pronatura Noroeste","ror":"https://ror.org/02dt6mc98","country_code":"MX","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120569"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joaquin Gutierrez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investigaciones Biol\u00f3gicas del Noroeste, Engineering Group, La Paz, Mexico","Eng. Group, Centro de Investig. Biologicas del Noroeste, La Paz, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaciones Biol\u00f3gicas del Noroeste, Engineering Group, La Paz, Mexico","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eng. Group, Centro de Investig. Biologicas del Noroeste, La Paz, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120569"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055519425","display_name":"Juan Francisco Villa-Medina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4045-9102"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120569","display_name":"Pronatura Noroeste","ror":"https://ror.org/02dt6mc98","country_code":"MX","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120569"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Francisco Villa-Medina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investigaciones Biol\u00f3gicas del Noroeste, Engineering Group, La Paz, Mexico","Eng. Group, Centro de Investig. Biologicas del Noroeste, La Paz, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaciones Biol\u00f3gicas del Noroeste, Engineering Group, La Paz, Mexico","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eng. Group, Centro de Investig. Biologicas del Noroeste, La Paz, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120569"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043547631","display_name":"Alejandra Nieto\u2010Garibay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4524-4693"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120569","display_name":"Pronatura Noroeste","ror":"https://ror.org/02dt6mc98","country_code":"MX","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120569"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alejandra Nieto-Garibay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investigaciones Biol\u00f3gicas del Noroeste, Engineering Group, La Paz, Mexico","Eng. Group, Centro de Investig. Biologicas del Noroeste, La Paz, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaciones Biol\u00f3gicas del Noroeste, Engineering Group, La Paz, Mexico","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eng. Group, Centro de Investig. Biologicas del Noroeste, La Paz, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120569"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015601856","display_name":"Miguel \u00c1ngel Porta-G\u00e1ndara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1647-2649"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120569","display_name":"Pronatura Noroeste","ror":"https://ror.org/02dt6mc98","country_code":"MX","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120569"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miguel Angel Porta-Gandara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investigaciones Biol\u00f3gicas del Noroeste, Engineering Group, La Paz, Mexico","Eng. Group, Centro de Investig. Biologicas del Noroeste, La Paz, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaciones Biol\u00f3gicas del Noroeste, Engineering Group, La Paz, Mexico","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eng. Group, Centro de Investig. Biologicas del Noroeste, La Paz, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120569"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120569"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":30.2465,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":900,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99842721,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":"1","first_page":"166","last_page":"176"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9815999865531921,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-packet-radio-service","display_name":"General Packet Radio Service","score":0.5565605759620667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.47764742374420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.4705165922641754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irrigation-scheduling","display_name":"Irrigation scheduling","score":0.4353167712688446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irrigation","display_name":"Irrigation","score":0.42187532782554626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-content","display_name":"Water content","score":0.4176233112812042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4105238616466522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4022905230522156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.37816035747528076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.36372172832489014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.34456685185432434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.27908533811569214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.26084721088409424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-water","display_name":"Soil water","score":0.16060781478881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86338984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79708","display_name":"General Packet Radio Service","level":3,"score":0.5565605759620667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47764742374420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.4705165922641754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777589951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6073845","display_name":"Irrigation scheduling","level":3,"score":0.4353167712688446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88862950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11453","display_name":"Irrigation","level":2,"score":0.42187532782554626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24939127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373499","display_name":"Water content","level":2,"score":0.4176233112812042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4105238616466522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4022905230522156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.37816035747528076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.36372172832489014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.34456685185432434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.27908533811569214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.26084721088409424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.16060781478881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2013.2276487","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2013.2276487","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1487923163","https://openalex.org/W1518755221","https://openalex.org/W1541759233","https://openalex.org/W1903219624","https://openalex.org/W1965141703","https://openalex.org/W1968159658","https://openalex.org/W1969422238","https://openalex.org/W1993829148","https://openalex.org/W1997150580","https://openalex.org/W1998110148","https://openalex.org/W2019819424","https://openalex.org/W2026965470","https://openalex.org/W2028194664","https://openalex.org/W2033135935","https://openalex.org/W2033667046","https://openalex.org/W2036242714","https://openalex.org/W2036750863","https://openalex.org/W2039802096","https://openalex.org/W2039987051","https://openalex.org/W2040635959","https://openalex.org/W2042545035","https://openalex.org/W2057166880","https://openalex.org/W2060688614","https://openalex.org/W2061012176","https://openalex.org/W2072191144","https://openalex.org/W2081380202","https://openalex.org/W2088753535","https://openalex.org/W2092144833","https://openalex.org/W2100591482","https://openalex.org/W2101541311","https://openalex.org/W2102350954","https://openalex.org/W2102812996","https://openalex.org/W2103014597","https://openalex.org/W2106672917","https://openalex.org/W2108690917","https://openalex.org/W2111075016","https://openalex.org/W2113398958","https://openalex.org/W2113769572","https://openalex.org/W2115710963","https://openalex.org/W2116302870","https://openalex.org/W2117560972","https://openalex.org/W2119825276","https://openalex.org/W2121996442","https://openalex.org/W2122062593","https://openalex.org/W2129864952","https://openalex.org/W2130403046","https://openalex.org/W2138297012","https://openalex.org/W2142542367","https://openalex.org/W2143538196","https://openalex.org/W2143667229","https://openalex.org/W2144292363","https://openalex.org/W2151696639","https://openalex.org/W2152577762","https://openalex.org/W2153500642","https://openalex.org/W2162162500","https://openalex.org/W2170239483","https://openalex.org/W2171770009","https://openalex.org/W2318223542","https://openalex.org/W2622211192","https://openalex.org/W3140191086","https://openalex.org/W6631114204","https://openalex.org/W6639778242","https://openalex.org/W6681253812","https://openalex.org/W6738779422"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3137023317","https://openalex.org/W2370315413","https://openalex.org/W2890436230","https://openalex.org/W3127674161","https://openalex.org/W1964035568","https://openalex.org/W2324646006","https://openalex.org/W2465080911","https://openalex.org/W4230647136","https://openalex.org/W2173060412","https://openalex.org/W2183450705"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0,50],"automated":[1,107,141],"irrigation":[2,97,129],"system":[3,14,74,108,142,162],"was":[4,52,63,75,109],"developed":[5,53],"to":[6,46,69,99,124,166],"optimize":[7],"water":[8,71,120,170],"use":[9],"for":[10,93,116,150],"agricultural":[11,133],"crops.":[12],"The":[13,73,106],"has":[15,163],"a":[16,35,47,66,82,88,103,112],"distributed":[17],"wireless":[18],"network":[19],"of":[20,30,57,122,131,139,154],"soil-moisture":[21],"and":[22,43,59,80,96,119,158],"temperature":[23,58],"sensors":[24],"placed":[25],"in":[26,111,147,169],"the":[27,31,132,140,161,164],"root":[28],"zone":[29,134],"plants.":[32],"In":[33],"addition,":[34],"gateway":[36,68],"unit":[37],"handles":[38],"sensor":[39],"information,":[40],"triggers":[41],"actuators,":[42],"transmits":[44],"data":[45,94],"web":[48,104],"application.":[49],"algorithm":[51],"with":[54,127],"threshold":[55],"values":[56],"soil":[60],"moisture":[61],"that":[62,91],"programmed":[64,101],"into":[65],"microcontroller-based":[67],"control":[70],"quantity.":[72],"powered":[76],"by":[77],"photovoltaic":[78],"panels":[79],"had":[81],"duplex":[83],"communication":[84],"link":[85],"based":[86],"on":[87],"cellular-Internet":[89],"interface":[90],"allowed":[92],"inspection":[95],"scheduling":[98],"be":[100,167],"through":[102],"page.":[105],"tested":[110],"sage":[113],"crop":[114],"field":[115],"136":[117],"days":[118],"savings":[121],"up":[123],"90%":[125],"compared":[126],"traditional":[128],"practices":[130],"were":[135],"achieved.":[136],"Three":[137],"replicas":[138],"have":[143],"been":[144],"used":[145],"successfully":[146],"other":[148],"places":[149],"18":[151],"months.":[152],"Because":[153],"its":[155],"energy":[156],"autonomy":[157],"low":[159],"cost,":[160],"potential":[165],"useful":[168],"limited":[171],"geographically":[172],"isolated":[173],"areas.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":59},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":65},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":89},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":81},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":129},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":110},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":88},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":96},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":63},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":17}],"updated_date":"2026-07-17T09:13:05.818461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}