{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2177379911","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2013.2250192","title":"Method for Ensuring Accurate AC Waveforms With Programmable Josephson Voltage Standards","display_name":"Method for Ensuring Accurate AC Waveforms With Programmable Josephson Voltage Standards","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-04-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2177379911","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2013.2250192","mag":"2177379911"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2013.2250192","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2013.2250192","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111809224","display_name":"Charles J. Burroughs","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Charles J. Burroughs","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute for Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute for Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015731532","display_name":"Alain R\u00fcfenacht","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1579-9738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alain Rufenacht","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute for Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute for Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081723705","display_name":"Samuel P. Benz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8679-0765"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel P. Benz","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute for Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute for Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020282923","display_name":"Paul D. Dresselhaus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2493-0504"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul D. Dresselhaus","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute for Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute for Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111809224"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9468,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79725192,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"6","first_page":"1627","last_page":"1633"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12300","display_name":"Advanced Electrical Measurement Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12300","display_name":"Advanced Electrical Measurement Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10573","display_name":"Power Quality and Harmonics","score":0.9830999970436096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11757","display_name":"Seismic Waves and Analysis","score":0.9611999988555908,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.768734872341156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.7414760589599609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude","display_name":"Amplitude","score":0.5424275398254395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sine-wave","display_name":"Sine wave","score":0.5384935736656189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5028495192527771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5017926692962646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.48055317997932434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4489448070526123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonic-analysis","display_name":"Harmonic analysis","score":0.4300328195095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3494842052459717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.28639745712280273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1451474130153656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.768734872341156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.7414760589599609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.5424275398254395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66907618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207527","display_name":"Sine wave","level":3,"score":0.5384935736656189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5028495192527771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5017926692962646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.48055317997932434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4489448070526123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131770355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876215","display_name":"Harmonic analysis","level":2,"score":0.4300328195095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3494842052459717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.28639745712280273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1451474130153656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2013.2250192","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2013.2250192","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7300000190734863,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306111","display_name":"U.S. Department of Commerce","ror":"https://ror.org/04chq2495"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332178","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1557249796","https://openalex.org/W1979514275","https://openalex.org/W1992286365","https://openalex.org/W2031821198","https://openalex.org/W2059203732","https://openalex.org/W2086693638","https://openalex.org/W2101272815","https://openalex.org/W2104074527","https://openalex.org/W2119568377","https://openalex.org/W2121060861","https://openalex.org/W2128269426","https://openalex.org/W2137624056","https://openalex.org/W2138243688","https://openalex.org/W2140713694","https://openalex.org/W2144865045","https://openalex.org/W2146719296","https://openalex.org/W2161570818","https://openalex.org/W2164930374","https://openalex.org/W2167465161","https://openalex.org/W2177411483"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974895211","https://openalex.org/W2129841057","https://openalex.org/W2176409448","https://openalex.org/W2085612832","https://openalex.org/W2024093099","https://openalex.org/W2362691368","https://openalex.org/W2027674118","https://openalex.org/W2115950857","https://openalex.org/W2903411120","https://openalex.org/W2082003234"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"amplitudes":[1],"of":[2,41,80,113,120],"stepwise-approximated":[3],"sine":[4],"waves":[5],"generated":[6],"by":[7,46,60],"programmable":[8],"Josephson":[9,55],"voltage":[10,123],"standards":[11],"(PJVS)":[12],"are":[13,49],"not":[14],"intrinsically":[15],"accurate":[16],"because":[17],"the":[18,21,36,47,53,62,66,81,91,110,118],"transitions":[19],"between":[20],"quantized":[22,54,67],"voltages":[23,40,68,108],"depend":[24],"on":[25],"numerous":[26],"conditions.":[27],"We":[28],"have":[29],"developed":[30],"a":[31,114,121],"method":[32],"that":[33,35,104],"ensures":[34],"total":[37],"rms":[38],"output":[39,63],"arbitrary":[42],"ac":[43],"waveforms":[44],"synthesized":[45],"PJVS":[48,92],"accurately":[50],"referenced":[51],"to":[52,69,88,98],"voltages.":[56],"This":[57],"is":[58,97],"accomplished":[59],"digitizing":[61],"waveform,":[64],"utilizing":[65,78],"correct":[70],"digitizer":[71],"gain,":[72],"noise,":[73],"and":[74,76,85],"nonlinearity,":[75],"then":[77],"measurements":[79],"bandwidth,":[82],"rise":[83],"time,":[84],"harmonic":[86],"content":[87],"precisely":[89],"tune":[90],"bias":[93],"parameters.":[94],"Our":[95],"goal":[96],"develop":[99],"an":[100],"AC":[101],"standard":[102,116],"source":[103],"can":[105],"directly":[106],"synthesize":[107],"with":[109],"accuracy":[111],"expected":[112],"quantum-based":[115],"without":[117],"use":[119],"thermal":[122],"converter.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-01T08:55:55.761014","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
