{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2096734699","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2013.2243505","title":"Transient Thermal Behavior of Eddy-Current Pulsed Thermography for Nondestructive Evaluation of Composites","display_name":"Transient Thermal Behavior of Eddy-Current Pulsed Thermography for Nondestructive Evaluation of Composites","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-04-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2096734699","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2013.2243505","mag":"2096734699"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2013.2243505","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2013.2243505","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101688486","display_name":"Liang Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7413-371X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Liang Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077044661","display_name":"Gui Yan Tian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gui Yan Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101688486"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.3366,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97819859,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"5","first_page":"1215","last_page":"1222"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11856","display_name":"Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11856","display_name":"Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermography","display_name":"Thermography","score":0.9003556966781616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.7831542491912842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transient","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","score":0.7445511221885681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delamination","display_name":"Delamination (geology)","score":0.6570485830307007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nondestructive-testing","display_name":"Nondestructive testing","score":0.6358765363693237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eddy-current","display_name":"Eddy current","score":0.5343666672706604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.5298994183540344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal","display_name":"Thermal","score":0.4588163495063782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbine-blade","display_name":"Turbine blade","score":0.4264484941959381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.41255074739456177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.40031111240386963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbine","display_name":"Turbine","score":0.31586557626724243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1631147265434265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.15923386812210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.12242114543914795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infrared","display_name":"Infrared","score":0.1109890341758728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10923346877098083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.0731690526008606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779222261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q624587","display_name":"Thermography","level":3,"score":0.9003556966781616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7831542491912842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780799671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17087362","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.7445511221885681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30239060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5253111","display_name":"Delamination (geology)","level":4,"score":0.6570485830307007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56529433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q626700","display_name":"Nondestructive testing","level":2,"score":0.6358765363693237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131357438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208598","display_name":"Eddy current","level":2,"score":0.5343666672706604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.5298994183540344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.4588163495063782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20381859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q829511","display_name":"Turbine blade","level":3,"score":0.4264484941959381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.41255074739456177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.40031111240386963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778449969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130760","display_name":"Turbine","level":2,"score":0.31586557626724243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1631147265434265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.15923386812210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.12242114543914795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158355884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11388","display_name":"Infrared","level":2,"score":0.1109890341758728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10923346877098083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0731690526008606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58097730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176318","display_name":"Subduction","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77928131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193343","display_name":"Tectonics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2013.2243505","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2013.2243505","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8100000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320322","display_name":"University of Bath","ror":"https://ror.org/002h8g185"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322438","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324852","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W133996386","https://openalex.org/W1867429401","https://openalex.org/W1966826428","https://openalex.org/W1967786605","https://openalex.org/W1979758322","https://openalex.org/W1980221648","https://openalex.org/W1996137487","https://openalex.org/W2010878174","https://openalex.org/W2016821636","https://openalex.org/W2021908439","https://openalex.org/W2039192142","https://openalex.org/W2044024782","https://openalex.org/W2062625738","https://openalex.org/W2075540330","https://openalex.org/W2088478807","https://openalex.org/W2089998966","https://openalex.org/W2114654910","https://openalex.org/W2129033542","https://openalex.org/W2144476963","https://openalex.org/W2154437080","https://openalex.org/W2942348319","https://openalex.org/W4236310464","https://openalex.org/W6639126518"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1477584499","https://openalex.org/W2559932470","https://openalex.org/W1978755973","https://openalex.org/W2994919662","https://openalex.org/W2535232420","https://openalex.org/W3041672627","https://openalex.org/W4205528759","https://openalex.org/W2084261063","https://openalex.org/W2626462270","https://openalex.org/W346129553"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Carbon":[0],"fiber":[1],"reinforced":[2],"plastic":[3],"(CFRP)":[4],"materials":[5],"are":[6,29,68],"widely":[7],"used":[8],"in":[9],"aircraft":[10],"and":[11,20,27,53,82],"wind":[12],"turbine":[13],"blades":[14],"due":[15],"to":[16,51],"their":[17,72],"low":[18],"weight":[19],"high":[21],"strength.":[22],"Surface":[23],"cracks,":[24],"impact":[25],"damages,":[26],"delaminations":[28],"the":[30,40,79,87,99,103,113],"most":[31],"common":[32],"defects":[33,55,67],"for":[34],"CFRP":[35],"composites.":[36],"In":[37,90],"this":[38],"paper,":[39],"principal":[41],"component":[42],"analysis":[43],"(PCA)-based":[44],"eddy-current":[45],"pulsed":[46],"thermography":[47],"method":[48],"is":[49,110],"proposed":[50],"detect":[52],"visualize":[54],"from":[56,95],"transient":[57,73],"thermal":[58],"images":[59],"or":[60],"videos.":[61],"More":[62],"specifically,":[63],"three":[64],"types":[65],"of":[66],"classified":[69],"based":[70],"on":[71],"temperature":[74],"behaviors":[75],"using":[76],"PCA":[77],"at":[78,86,112],"pixel":[80],"levels":[81],"optical":[83,96],"flow":[84,97],"patterns":[85],"image":[88,114],"levels.":[89,115],"addition,":[91],"through":[92],"feature":[93],"extraction":[94],"method,":[98],"quantitative":[100],"information":[101],"about":[102],"defects,":[104],"such":[105],"as":[106],"a":[107],"defective":[108],"area,":[109],"retrieved":[111]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}