{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2096122042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2011.2178676","title":"Use of Precision Time Protocol to Synchronize Sampled-Value Process Buses","display_name":"Use of Precision Time Protocol to Synchronize Sampled-Value Process Buses","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2096122042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2011.2178676","mag":"2096122042"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2011.2178676","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2011.2178676","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://eprints.qut.edu.au/46326/1/IngramSchaubCampbell_AuthorVersion.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013209195","display_name":"David M. E. Ingram","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6322-5528"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160993911","display_name":"Queensland University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03pnv4752","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David M. E. Ingram","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering Systems, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia","[School of Engineering Systems, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering Systems, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Engineering Systems, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024216271","display_name":"Pascal Schaub","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282108480","display_name":"Powerlink Queensland (Australia)","ror":"https://ror.org/04sg12k28","country_code":"AU","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282108480"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pascal Schaub","raw_affiliation_strings":["Powerlink Queensland, Virginia, QLD, Australia","Powerlink Queensland Virginia, QLD, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Powerlink Queensland, Virginia, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282108480"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Powerlink Queensland Virginia, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282108480"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005663914","display_name":"Duncan Campbell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0158-4178"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160993911","display_name":"Queensland University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03pnv4752","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duncan A. Campbell","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering Systems, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia","[School of Engineering Systems, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering Systems, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Engineering Systems, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.2612,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97354518,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":"5","first_page":"1173","last_page":"1180"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9797000288963318,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9121000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iec-61850","display_name":"IEC 61850","score":0.9719172716140747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.651216447353363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.5966160893440247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.5863463878631592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronizing","display_name":"Synchronizing","score":0.5854110717773438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.5300951600074768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5166483521461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-automation-system","display_name":"Process automation system","score":0.5159428715705872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethernet","display_name":"Ethernet","score":0.505767822265625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.47530636191368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4463719129562378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4426957964897156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-time-protocol","display_name":"Network Time Protocol","score":0.434943825006485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.43112802505493164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.382573664188385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.36273375153541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.2815830707550049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.22679069638252258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-synchronization","display_name":"Time synchronization","score":0.2090425193309784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.15913915634155273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.11814969778060913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.08010077476501465}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778907243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168160","display_name":"IEC 61850","level":3,"score":0.9719172716140747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.651216447353363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.5966160893440247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.5863463878631592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162932704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058791","display_name":"Synchronizing","level":3,"score":0.5854110717773438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.5300951600074768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5166483521461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21457203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4056293","display_name":"Process automation system","level":3,"score":0.5159428715705872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172173386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79984","display_name":"Ethernet","level":2,"score":0.505767822265625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.47530636191368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4463719129562378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4426957964897156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178148046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217491","display_name":"Network Time Protocol","level":3,"score":0.434943825006485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.43112802505493164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.382573664188385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.36273375153541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.2815830707550049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.22679069638252258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986737936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058791","display_name":"Time synchronization","level":2,"score":0.2090425193309784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.15913915634155273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.11814969778060913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.08010077476501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2011.2178676","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2011.2178676","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.qut.edu.au:46326","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://eprints.qut.edu.au/46326/1/IngramSchaubCampbell_AuthorVersion.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402607","display_name":"QUT ePrints (Queensland University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I160993911","host_organization_name":"Queensland University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"Contribution to Journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.qut.edu.au:46326","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://eprints.qut.edu.au/46326/1/IngramSchaubCampbell_AuthorVersion.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402607","display_name":"QUT ePrints (Queensland University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I160993911","host_organization_name":"Queensland University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"Contribution to Journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2096122042.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2096122042.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965346904","https://openalex.org/W1982439243","https://openalex.org/W1989041091","https://openalex.org/W2021726679","https://openalex.org/W2026640816","https://openalex.org/W2033614181","https://openalex.org/W2038619423","https://openalex.org/W2039301283","https://openalex.org/W2040760219","https://openalex.org/W2044845118","https://openalex.org/W2061604822","https://openalex.org/W2069878570","https://openalex.org/W2076833891","https://openalex.org/W2079720152","https://openalex.org/W2083349627","https://openalex.org/W2098158437","https://openalex.org/W2102694275","https://openalex.org/W2103224272","https://openalex.org/W2118317858","https://openalex.org/W2122753206","https://openalex.org/W2135048896","https://openalex.org/W2140245123","https://openalex.org/W2161991185","https://openalex.org/W2164377951","https://openalex.org/W2166316081","https://openalex.org/W2296863278","https://openalex.org/W2367445400"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2039892472","https://openalex.org/W2358803933","https://openalex.org/W2368213791","https://openalex.org/W3134241229","https://openalex.org/W2107113623","https://openalex.org/W2798890610","https://openalex.org/W2538446341","https://openalex.org/W2364636934","https://openalex.org/W2481024871","https://openalex.org/W2909405011"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Transmission":[0],"smart":[1,104],"grids":[2],"will":[3],"use":[4],"a":[5,29,154],"digital":[6,100,155],"platform":[7],"for":[8,31,50,74,79,103,113],"the":[9,24,57,64,95,119,129],"automation":[10],"of":[11,18,67,97,132,140,148,167],"high-voltage":[12],"substations.":[13],"The":[14,146],"IEC":[15,58,82,125],"61850":[16],"series":[17],"standards,":[19,38],"released":[20],"in":[21,124,153],"parts":[22],"over":[23],"last":[25],"ten":[26],"years,":[27],"provide":[28],"specification":[30],"substation":[32,80,105],"communication":[33],"networks":[34],"and":[35,63,69,72,85],"systems.":[36],"These":[37],"along":[39],"with":[40,137,160],"IEEE":[41],"Std":[42],"1588-2008":[43],"Precision":[44],"Time":[45],"Protocol":[46],"version":[47],"2":[48],"(PTPv2)":[49],"precision":[51],"timing,":[52],"are":[53,87,121,190,197],"recommended":[54],"by":[55,179],"both":[56],"Smart":[59,75],"Grid":[60,76],"Strategy":[61],"Group":[62],"National":[65],"Institute":[66],"Standards":[68,78],"Technology":[70],"Framework":[71],"Roadmap":[73],"Interoperability":[77],"automation.":[81,106],"61850,":[83],"PTPv2,":[84],"Ethernet":[86],"three":[88],"complementary":[89],"protocol":[90],"families":[91],"that":[92,164,176,194,200],"together":[93],"define":[94],"future":[96],"sampled-value":[98],"(SV)":[99],"process":[101,116,156],"connections":[102],"A":[107],"time":[108,134,201],"synchronization":[109],"system":[110],"is":[111,158,170,204],"required":[112,191],"an":[114,171],"SV":[115],"bus;":[117],"however,":[118],"details":[120],"not":[122,205],"defined":[123],"61850-9-2.":[126],"PTPv2":[127,149],"provides":[128],"greatest":[130],"accuracy":[131],"network-based":[133],"transfer":[135],"systems,":[136],"timing":[138],"errors":[139],"less":[141],"than":[142],"100":[143],"ns":[144,174],"achievable.":[145],"suitability":[147],"to":[150,192],"synchronize":[151],"sampling":[152],"bus":[157],"evaluated,":[159],"preliminary":[161],"results":[162],"indicating":[163],"steady-state":[165],"performance":[166,203],"low-cost":[168],"clocks":[169,181],"acceptable":[172],"300":[173],"but":[175],"corrections":[177,196],"issued":[178],"grandmaster":[180,188],"can":[182],"introduce":[183],"significant":[184],"transients.":[185],"Extremely":[186],"stable":[187],"oscillators":[189],"ensure":[193],"any":[195],"sufficiently":[198],"small":[199],"synchronizing":[202],"degraded.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}