{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2141277076","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2011.2175833","title":"An Autoadaptive Edge-Detection Algorithm for Flame and Fire Image Processing","display_name":"An Autoadaptive Edge-Detection Algorithm for Flame and Fire Image Processing","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2141277076","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2011.2175833","mag":"2141277076"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2011.2175833","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2011.2175833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101653417","display_name":"Tian Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8608-5863"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","display_name":"University of Kent","ror":"https://ror.org/00xkeyj56","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tian Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instrumentation, Control and Embedded Systems Research Group, School of Engineering and Digital Arts, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK","Control & Embedded Syst. Res. Group, Univ. of Kent, Canterbury, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instrumentation, Control and Embedded Systems Research Group, School of Engineering and Digital Arts, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Control & Embedded Syst. Res. Group, Univ. of Kent, Canterbury, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078729695","display_name":"Yong Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7135-5456"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","display_name":"University of Kent","ror":"https://ror.org/00xkeyj56","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instrumentation, Control and Embedded Systems Research Group, School of Engineering and Digital Arts, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK","Control & Embedded Syst. Res. Group, Univ. of Kent, Canterbury, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instrumentation, Control and Embedded Systems Research Group, School of Engineering and Digital Arts, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Control & Embedded Syst. Res. Group, Univ. of Kent, Canterbury, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101791181","display_name":"Gang Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9093-6448"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","display_name":"University of Kent","ror":"https://ror.org/00xkeyj56","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instrumentation, Control and Embedded Systems Research Group, School of Engineering and Digital Arts, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK","Control & Embedded Syst. Res. Group, Univ. of Kent, Canterbury, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instrumentation, Control and Embedded Systems Research Group, School of Engineering and Digital Arts, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Control & Embedded Syst. Res. Group, Univ. of Kent, Canterbury, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":26.9632,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":154,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99718793,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":"5","first_page":"1486","last_page":"1493"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12597","display_name":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12597","display_name":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11317","display_name":"Fire dynamics and safety research","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fire-detection","display_name":"Fire detection","score":0.6979435682296753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6612094640731812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-detection","display_name":"Edge detection","score":0.550640881061554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5113615393638611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.48288536071777344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.4622684717178345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4544513523578644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.4512672424316406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3282099664211273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.32163292169570923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.31070074439048767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.28465133905410767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.1454540491104126}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780836893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19922674","display_name":"Fire detection","level":2,"score":0.6979435682296753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6612094640731812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193536780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513153","display_name":"Edge detection","level":4,"score":0.550640881061554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5113615393638611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.48288536071777344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.4622684717178345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4544513523578644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.4512672424316406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3282099664211273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.32163292169570923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.31070074439048767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.28465133905410767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.1454540491104126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2011.2175833","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2011.2175833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kar.kent.ac.uk:29339","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://kar.kent.ac.uk/29339/2/Yan_An%20Autoadaptive.docx","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196264","display_name":"Kent Academic Repository (University of Kent)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","host_organization_name":"University of Kent","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3974792999","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/G063214/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4872491394","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/G062153/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W50889136","https://openalex.org/W185595716","https://openalex.org/W292716351","https://openalex.org/W1492221128","https://openalex.org/W1499677203","https://openalex.org/W1515135833","https://openalex.org/W1560622607","https://openalex.org/W1971256340","https://openalex.org/W1984282654","https://openalex.org/W1996863396","https://openalex.org/W2010458594","https://openalex.org/W2012625608","https://openalex.org/W2040825200","https://openalex.org/W2099923524","https://openalex.org/W2111313502","https://openalex.org/W2116674123","https://openalex.org/W2128520418","https://openalex.org/W2129383539","https://openalex.org/W2145023731","https://openalex.org/W2150266464","https://openalex.org/W2168896925","https://openalex.org/W2319378258","https://openalex.org/W2389881856","https://openalex.org/W2466249602","https://openalex.org/W2476841840","https://openalex.org/W4229921563","https://openalex.org/W4256068510","https://openalex.org/W6602065794","https://openalex.org/W6629644485","https://openalex.org/W6711207499"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2039365229","https://openalex.org/W2130699118","https://openalex.org/W2374817355","https://openalex.org/W2343576183","https://openalex.org/W2362352248","https://openalex.org/W316013557","https://openalex.org/W2357379321","https://openalex.org/W2347743143","https://openalex.org/W2788215640","https://openalex.org/W1986338341"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,110,136],"determination":[1,40],"of":[2,10,41,89,128,139,168],"flame":[3,31,42,55,69,91,103,158],"or":[4],"fire":[5,34,36,44,71,93,105],"edges":[6,106,117,127,148],"is":[7,19,26,98],"the":[8,15,39,58,80,85,90,113,126,129,133,140,144,164,169],"process":[9],"identifying":[11],"a":[12,27,119],"boundary":[13],"between":[14],"area":[16],"where":[17],"there":[18],"thermochemical":[20],"reaction":[21],"and":[22,38,43,70,87,92,104,108,115,123,131,160,166],"those":[23],"without.":[24],"It":[25],"precursor":[28],"to":[29,53,68,101],"image-based":[30],"monitoring,":[32],"early":[33],"detection,":[35],"evaluation,":[37],"parameters.":[45],"Several":[46],"traditional":[47],"edge-detection":[48],"methods":[49,81],"have":[50,61],"been":[51,62],"tested":[52],"identify":[54],"edges,":[56],"but":[57],"results":[59,155],"achieved":[60],"disappointing.":[63],"Some":[64],"research":[65],"works":[66],"related":[67],"edge":[72],"detection":[73],"were":[74],"reported":[75],"for":[76,151,156],"different":[77,152,157],"applications;":[78],"however,":[79],"do":[82],"not":[83],"emphasize":[84],"continuity":[86],"clarity":[88],"edges.":[94],"A":[95],"computing":[96],"algorithm":[97,111,141],"thus":[99],"proposed":[100],"define":[102],"clearly":[107],"continuously.":[109],"detects":[112],"coarse":[114],"superfluous":[116],"in":[118],"flame/fire":[120,130,147],"image":[121],"first":[122],"then":[124],"identifies":[125],"removes":[132],"irrelevant":[134],"artifacts.":[135],"autoadaptive":[137],"feature":[138],"ensures":[142],"that":[143],"primary":[145],"symbolic":[146],"are":[149],"identified":[150],"scenarios.":[153],"Experimental":[154],"images":[159],"video":[161],"frames":[162],"proved":[163],"effectiveness":[165],"robustness":[167],"algorithm.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
