{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2101005927","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2010.2089130","title":"A System for the Dynamic Control and Thermal Characterization of Ultra Low Power Gas Sensors","display_name":"A System for the Dynamic Control and Thermal Characterization of Ultra Low Power Gas Sensors","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-03-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2101005927","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2010.2089130","mag":"2101005927"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2010.2089130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2010.2089130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028436031","display_name":"F. Rastrello","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27483092","display_name":"University of Perugia","ror":"https://ror.org/00x27da85","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"F Rastrello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy","Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Univ. of Perugia, Perugia, Italy#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Univ. of Perugia, Perugia, Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057817980","display_name":"P. Placidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5408-5180"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27483092","display_name":"University of Perugia","ror":"https://ror.org/00x27da85","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P Placidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy","Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Univ. of Perugia, Perugia, Italy#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Univ. of Perugia, Perugia, Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086361474","display_name":"A. Scorzoni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4368-5233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27483092","display_name":"University of Perugia","ror":"https://ror.org/00x27da85","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Scorzoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy","Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Univ. of Perugia, Perugia, Italy#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Univ. of Perugia, Perugia, Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028436031"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7095,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93561619,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"5","first_page":"1876","last_page":"1883"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10461","display_name":"Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10461","display_name":"Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11449","display_name":"Mechanical and Optical Resonators","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microheater","display_name":"Microheater","score":0.9309073686599731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-constant","display_name":"Time constant","score":0.7279057502746582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6974732875823975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duty-cycle","display_name":"Duty cycle","score":0.6452347040176392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-resistance","display_name":"Thermal resistance","score":0.538886308670044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal","display_name":"Thermal","score":0.5365922451019287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermostat","display_name":"Thermostat","score":0.5053439736366272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-mass","display_name":"Thermal mass","score":0.45718878507614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-control","display_name":"Temperature control","score":0.45467409491539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4399877190589905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.43412649631500244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heating-element","display_name":"Heating element","score":0.42268848419189453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.37903130054473877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.35225531458854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.173824280500412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.15893596410751343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1341724991798401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12264800071716309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.1041494607925415}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779426163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17123760","display_name":"Microheater","level":4,"score":0.9309073686599731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81370116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335249","display_name":"Time constant","level":2,"score":0.7279057502746582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6974732875823975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199822604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557120","display_name":"Duty cycle","level":3,"score":0.6452347040176392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137693562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899628","display_name":"Thermal resistance","level":3,"score":0.538886308670044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.5365922451019287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187819001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187665","display_name":"Thermostat","level":2,"score":0.5053439736366272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128014804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3150682","display_name":"Thermal mass","level":3,"score":0.45718878507614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C536315585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7698332","display_name":"Temperature control","level":2,"score":0.45467409491539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4399877190589905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.43412649631500244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151662897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q610112","display_name":"Heating element","level":2,"score":0.42268848419189453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.37903130054473877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.35225531458854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.173824280500412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.15893596410751343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1341724991798401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12264800071716309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.1041494607925415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136525101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428139","display_name":"Fabrication","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2010.2089130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2010.2089130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322892","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511934004","https://openalex.org/W1925045054","https://openalex.org/W1965139859","https://openalex.org/W1965877287","https://openalex.org/W1981009111","https://openalex.org/W1984947612","https://openalex.org/W1990504096","https://openalex.org/W2008211223","https://openalex.org/W2011567323","https://openalex.org/W2016119392","https://openalex.org/W2058579882","https://openalex.org/W2094878202","https://openalex.org/W2096354919","https://openalex.org/W2101898312","https://openalex.org/W2110606646","https://openalex.org/W2112255006","https://openalex.org/W2136772015","https://openalex.org/W2138946364","https://openalex.org/W2139544306","https://openalex.org/W2145742417","https://openalex.org/W2149265268"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W157909881","https://openalex.org/W2968261464","https://openalex.org/W1999996302","https://openalex.org/W2085189384","https://openalex.org/W1943918190","https://openalex.org/W2082535008","https://openalex.org/W2968228495","https://openalex.org/W2092982918","https://openalex.org/W1936004235","https://openalex.org/W2023232159"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,234],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"a":[3,50,62,66,70,204,223,241,247,279],"system":[4,45],"for":[5,209],"the":[6,14,58,97,102,105,112,116,126,131,134,142,155,163,169,177,181,193,197,211,214,219,228,259,262,270,275,298,302],"simultaneous":[7],"dynamic":[8],"control":[9],"and":[10,16,69,89,108,115,136,139,213,227,261],"thermal":[11,26,59,127,144,165,276],"characterization":[12],"of":[13,19,34,61,96,111,119,130,180,196,243,249,282,290,301],"heating":[15,87,135,170,182,220,239],"cooling":[17,90,137,229],"phases":[18],"an":[20,53,75,149,250],"ultralow-power":[21],"(ULP)":[22],"micromachined":[23,122],"sensor,":[24,73],"featuring":[25,52],"characteristics":[27],"that":[28,148,297],"are":[29],"quite":[30],"similar":[31],"to":[32,56,100,124,140,168],"those":[33],"innovative":[35],"ULP":[36,121],"semiconducting":[37],"metal-oxide":[38],"gas":[39],"sensors.":[40],"A":[41],"pulsewidth-modulated":[42],"(PWM)":[43],"excitation":[44],"has":[46],"been":[47],"realized":[48],"using":[49],"microcontroller":[51],"ARM7":[54],"core":[55],"characterize":[57],"behavior":[60],"device":[63,132],"formed":[64],"by":[65,295],"Pt":[67,71],"microheater":[68],"temperature":[72,118,153,215,252,273,304],"over":[74],"insulating":[76],"membrane.":[77],"Three":[78],"operating":[79,117,263,272],"modes,":[80],"i.e.,":[81,189],"constant":[82,86,151,156,195,207,236],"target":[83,157],"heater":[84,152,158,212],"resistance,":[85],"power,":[88],"phase":[91,221,230],"monitoring,":[92],"were":[93,99],"implemented.":[94],"Objectives":[95],"research":[98],"analyze":[101],"relation":[103],"between":[104,258],"time":[106,128,178,194,206,235],"period":[107,179],"duty":[109],"cycle":[110],"PWM":[113],"signal":[114,183],"such":[120],"systems,":[123],"observe":[125],"constants":[129],"during":[133,238],"phases,":[138],"measure":[141],"total":[143],"conductance.":[145],"Experiments":[146],"indicated":[147],"approximately":[150],"in":[154,218,240,269,308],"resistance":[159],"regime":[160],"(i.e.,":[161],"after":[162],"initial":[164],"transient":[166],"due":[167],"algorithm)":[171],"can":[172],"only":[173],"be":[174],"obtained":[175],"if":[176],"is":[184,278],"smaller":[185],"than":[186,192],"50":[187],"\u03bcs,":[188],"much":[190],"faster":[191],"device.":[198],"Constant":[199],"power":[200],"experiments":[201],"show":[202],"quantitatively":[203],"unique":[205],"\u03c4":[208],"both":[210],"sensor":[216],"(T-sensor)":[217],"(with":[222,231],"known":[224],"applied":[225],"power)":[226],"zero":[232],"power).":[233],"decreases":[237],"range":[242],"2.3-2":[244],"ms":[245],"as":[246],"function":[248,281],"increasing":[251],"rise":[253],"\u0394":[254,283],"<i":[255,284],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[256,285],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">T</i>":[257,286],"ambient":[260],"temperature.":[264],"Moreover,":[265],"we":[266],"observed":[267],"that,":[268],"chosen":[271],"range,":[274],"conductance":[277],"linear":[280],".":[287],"Finally,":[288],"repeatability":[289],"experimental":[291],"results":[292],"was":[293,305],"assessed":[294],"guaranteeing":[296],"standard":[299],"deviation":[300],"controlled":[303],"within":[306],"\u00b15.5\u00b0C":[307],"worst-case":[309],"conditions.":[310]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
