{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2122226759","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2008.2010675","title":"Novel Digital Voltage Ramp Generator for Use in Precision Current Sources in the Picoampere Range","display_name":"Novel Digital Voltage Ramp Generator for Use in Precision Current Sources in the Picoampere Range","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2122226759","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2008.2010675","mag":"2122226759"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2008.2010675","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["1557-9662","0018-9456"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"journal-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064899886","display_name":"G.-D. Willenberg","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285933455","display_name":"Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt","ror":"https://ror.org/05r3f7h03","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1285933455"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G.-D. Willenberg","raw_affiliation_string":"Phys.-Tech. Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Phys.-Tech. Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig"]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030111261","display_name":"H.N. Tauscher","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285933455","display_name":"Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt","ror":"https://ror.org/05r3f7h03","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1285933455"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H.N. Tauscher","raw_affiliation_string":"Phys.-Tech. Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Phys.-Tech. Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig"]}],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"ngrams","cited_by_count":24,"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":92},"biblio":{"volume":"58","issue":"4","first_page":"756","last_page":"760"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12300","display_name":"Frequency Estimation in Electrical Metrology","score":0.9996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12300","display_name":"Frequency Estimation in Electrical Metrology","score":0.9996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12564","display_name":"Networked Smart Transducer Interface Standard","score":0.998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11778","display_name":"Electrical Tomography Techniques","score":0.9979,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"keyword":"precision current sources","score":0.5447},{"keyword":"generator","score":0.3929},{"keyword":"range","score":0.2675}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77170095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753188","display_name":"Linearity","level":2,"score":0.7634824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.6315242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.49602827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4621803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.4593319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.4538771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176046018","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q359205","display_name":"Analogue filter","level":4,"score":0.4332692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.41763932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.380221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.37692165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35671273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36390408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1163067","display_name":"Digital filter","level":3,"score":0.3552317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.31188616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27672964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22859263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.116935134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2008.2010675","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["1557-9662","0018-9456"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.63,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"grants":[],"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2101211489","https://openalex.org/W2119332195","https://openalex.org/W2134674599","https://openalex.org/W2148623425","https://openalex.org/W2151709370","https://openalex.org/W2159196747","https://openalex.org/W2989459258"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2354856110","https://openalex.org/W1501636047","https://openalex.org/W2182489947","https://openalex.org/W2038726274","https://openalex.org/W1594671507","https://openalex.org/W2167387899","https://openalex.org/W2109942901","https://openalex.org/W2999792891","https://openalex.org/W1140914457","https://openalex.org/W2186157292"],"ngrams_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works/W2122226759/ngrams","abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"report":[1],"on":[2,26],"the":[3,17,38,42,79,110],"development":[4],"of":[5,20,31,41,85,103,118,123],"a":[6,51,71,82,97],"novel":[7],"highly":[8],"linear":[9],"voltage":[10,54],"ramp":[11,72],"generator":[12,23,46],"to":[13,35,96,114],"be":[14],"used":[15,34],"for":[16,37,109],"traceable":[18],"calibration":[19],"picoamperemeters.":[21],"The":[22,45],"is":[24,47,63],"based":[25],"two":[27],"digital-to-analog":[28],"converters,":[29],"one":[30],"them":[32],"being":[33],"compensate":[36],"differential":[39],"nonlinearity":[40],"other":[43],"one.":[44],"completely":[48],"controllable":[49],"by":[50],"computer,":[52],"its":[53],"slope":[55,80],"dV":[58],"/":[59],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">dt":[62],"adjustable":[64],"between":[65,74],"1":[66],"and":[67,76],"1000":[68],"mV/s.":[69],"During":[70],"running":[73],"-10":[75],"+10":[77],"V,":[78],"shows":[81],"relative":[83],"variation":[84],"only":[86,104],"1.3":[87],"middot10":[88],"-5":[91],"(relative":[92],"standard":[93],"deviation).":[94],"Due":[95],"small":[98],"output":[99],"filter":[100],"time":[101],"constant":[102],"10":[105],"ms,":[106],"we":[107],"are,":[108],"first":[111],"time,":[112],"able":[113],"conduct":[115],"dynamic":[116],"measurements":[117],"picoamperemeters":[119],"with":[120],"no":[121],"sacrifice":[122],"linearity.":[124]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2122226759","counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2024-03-27T08:43:47.596976","created_date":"2016-06-24"}