{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2148235205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2008.2009421","title":"Optical Sensors for Real-Time Measurement of Motorcycle Tilt Angle","display_name":"Optical Sensors for Real-Time Measurement of Motorcycle Tilt Angle","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2148235205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2008.2009421","mag":"2148235205"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2008.2009421","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2008.2009421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058571469","display_name":"Michele Norgia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8571-1527"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Norgia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","Dipt. di Elettron. e Inf., Politec. di Milano, Milan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipt. di Elettron. e Inf., Politec. di Milano, Milan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023701422","display_name":"Ivo Boniolo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. Boniolo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","Dipt. di Elettron. e Inf., Politec. di Milano, Milan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipt. di Elettron. e Inf., Politec. di Milano, Milan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004167071","display_name":"Mara Tanelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7172-0203"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11039511","display_name":"University of Bergamo","ror":"https://ror.org/02mbd5571","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11039511"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Tanelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione e Metodi Matematici, Universit\u00e0 degli studi di Bergamo, Dalmine, Italy","Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy; Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione e Metodi Matematici, Universit\u00e0 degli studi di Bergamo, Dalmine, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione e Metodi Matematici, Universit\u00e0 degli studi di Bergamo, Dalmine, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11039511"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy; Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione e Metodi Matematici, Universit\u00e0 degli studi di Bergamo, Dalmine, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047303451","display_name":"Sergio M. Savaresi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5829-2323"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.M. Savaresi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","Dipt. di Elettron. e Inf., Politec. di Milano, Milan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipt. di Elettron. e Inf., Politec. di Milano, Milan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063818521","display_name":"C. Svelto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1910-7575"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Svelto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","Dipt. di Elettron. e Inf., Politec. di Milano, Milan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipt. di Elettron. e Inf., Politec. di Milano, Milan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.7011,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97016305,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"58","issue":"5","first_page":"1640","last_page":"1649"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":0.984000027179718,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":0.984000027179718,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12095","display_name":"Vehicle emissions and performance","score":0.9825000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.968999981880188,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tilt","display_name":"Tilt (camera)","score":0.800434947013855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.6779509782791138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.5668221116065979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instrumentation","display_name":"Instrumentation (computer programming)","score":0.5576554536819458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.49138036370277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tilt-sensor","display_name":"Tilt sensor","score":0.4575369358062744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4522382616996765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.43564289808273315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-diode","display_name":"Laser diode","score":0.42761194705963135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diode","display_name":"Diode","score":0.4186446964740753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.40754157304763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.39993521571159363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3703247904777527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.3426656126976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.26438936591148376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-fiber","display_name":"Optical fiber","score":0.12732303142547607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11436724662780762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.09912875294685364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09709519147872925}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779844322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2919140","display_name":"Tilt (camera)","level":2,"score":0.800434947013855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.6779509782791138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.5668221116065979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118530786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134732","display_name":"Instrumentation (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.5576554536819458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.49138036370277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32688793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q827664","display_name":"Tilt sensor","level":3,"score":0.4575369358062744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4522382616996765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.43564289808273315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777048131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321098","display_name":"Laser diode","level":3,"score":0.42761194705963135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78434282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11656","display_name":"Diode","level":2,"score":0.4186446964740753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40754157304763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.39993521571159363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3703247904777527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.3426656126976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.26438936591148376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.12732303142547607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11436724662780762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.09912875294685364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09709519147872925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2008.2009421","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2008.2009421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/527933","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11311/527933","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8399999737739563,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W198879584","https://openalex.org/W1486977240","https://openalex.org/W1515361063","https://openalex.org/W1612151167","https://openalex.org/W1970634445","https://openalex.org/W2054517929","https://openalex.org/W2065394395","https://openalex.org/W2096119105","https://openalex.org/W2110739783","https://openalex.org/W2114661939","https://openalex.org/W2144996101","https://openalex.org/W2153237051","https://openalex.org/W2153954074","https://openalex.org/W2165813638","https://openalex.org/W2222401574","https://openalex.org/W4249762338"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4255130740","https://openalex.org/W2051612593","https://openalex.org/W2370437887","https://openalex.org/W2068481219","https://openalex.org/W2362543771","https://openalex.org/W3176484117","https://openalex.org/W1974863618","https://openalex.org/W1985991795","https://openalex.org/W2904298814","https://openalex.org/W2091854106"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,26],"addresses":[2],"the":[3,12,16,45,55,117,128,136],"analysis":[4],"and":[5,33,59,74,113,124],"design":[6,29],"of":[7,15,24,40,48,54,68,130,135],"an":[8,144],"optical":[9,35],"sensor":[10,138],"for":[11,116],"real-time":[13],"measurement":[14],"tilt":[17],"angle":[18],"in":[19,44,147],"hypersport":[20],"motorcycles.":[21,50],"The":[22,65,76,133],"aim":[23],"this":[25],"is":[27,38,62,80,87,139],"to":[28,89,95,110,120],"a":[30,96,148],"compact,":[31],"reliable,":[32],"low-cost":[34],"triangulator":[36],"that":[37],"capable":[39],"accurate":[41],"in-field":[42],"measurements":[43],"harsh":[46],"environment":[47],"sport":[49],"An":[51],"analytical":[52],"computation":[53],"required":[56],"system":[57],"sensitivity":[58],"achievable":[60],"accuracy":[61],"carried":[63],"out.":[64],"detrimental":[66],"effects":[67],"solar":[69,131],"interference":[70],"are":[71,108],"also":[72],"described":[73],"discussed.":[75],"proposed":[77,118,137],"instrumentation,":[78],"which":[79],"realized":[81],"with":[82,93],"ad":[83],"hoc":[84],"laser":[85],"emitters,":[86],"shown":[88,109],"have":[90],"superior":[91],"performance":[92,134],"respect":[94],"previous":[97],"solution":[98],"based":[99],"on":[100,143],"light-emitting":[101],"diode":[102],"(LED)":[103],"emitters.":[104],"Such":[105],"novel":[106],"triangulators":[107],"provide":[111],"good":[112],"reliable":[114],"performances":[115],"application":[119],"maintain":[121],"low":[122],"costs":[123],"small":[125],"sizes,":[126],"overcoming":[127],"problem":[129],"interference.":[132],"assessed":[140],"by":[141],"experiments":[142],"instrumented":[145],"motorbike":[146],"racetrack.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}