{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7151550071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2026.3673218","title":"Fusion Filtering for RIS-Assisted Vehicle Localization With Unknown Inputs: A Privacy-Preserving Output-Mask Strategy","display_name":"Fusion Filtering for RIS-Assisted Vehicle Localization With Unknown Inputs: A Privacy-Preserving Output-Mask Strategy","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7151550071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2026.3673218"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2026.3673218","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2026.3673218","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080971422","display_name":"Kaiqun Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0658-0806"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaiqun Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498","https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133102241","display_name":"Zidong Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","display_name":"Brunel University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn4t376","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zidong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Brunel University of London, Uxbridge, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9576-7401","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Brunel University of London, Uxbridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133087618","display_name":"Xinhu Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinhu Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Transportation Thrust, Systems Hub, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9898-5543","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Transportation Thrust, Systems Hub, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133114015","display_name":"Zhiyong Cui","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyong Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Transportation System, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5780-4312","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Transportation System, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133098987","display_name":"Zhenning Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenning Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0877-6829","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498","https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133137891","display_name":"Keqiang Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keqiang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9333-7416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.42764123,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"7","first_page":"5909","last_page":"5919"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.1835000067949295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.1835000067949295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.1624000072479248,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.1347000002861023,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.5444999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.4864000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.39969998598098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-tracker","display_name":"Radar tracker","score":0.3889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filtering-theory","display_name":"Filtering theory","score":0.36480000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-measurement","display_name":"Noise measurement","score":0.34040001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.32839998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.3037000000476837}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5813999772071838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.5444999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.4864000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4733000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.39969998598098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32283439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407014","display_name":"Radar tracker","level":3,"score":0.3889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988922011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5449244","display_name":"Filtering theory","level":2,"score":0.36480000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29265498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7047719","display_name":"Noise measurement","level":3,"score":0.34040001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.32839998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.3037000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.29809999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986158284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Distance measurement","level":2,"score":0.29019999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79487989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q934680","display_name":"Vehicle dynamics","level":2,"score":0.2896000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.2858000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.28279998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.27559998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.2734000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163294075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Noise reduction","level":2,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.2667999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117896860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11376","display_name":"Acceleration","level":2,"score":0.2639000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19966478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4810574","display_name":"Mobile robot","level":3,"score":0.25459998846054077}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2026.3673218","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2026.3673218","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1907598932","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52572354","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8898503677","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62403318","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,22,75,136,154,177,203,206],"privacy-preserving":[4,17,67,119,149,184],"fusion":[5,68,185],"filtering":[6,69,138,164,186],"problem":[7],"for":[8,21],"vehicle":[9,33,129],"localization":[10,18,34,196],"subject":[11],"to":[12,96,108,113,124,190],"unknown":[13,46,159],"inputs.":[14],"High-accuracy":[15],"and":[16,24,54,58,85,101,104,147,153,161,194,198],"is":[19,35,71,93,121,188],"essential":[20],"safe":[23],"reliable":[25],"operation":[26],"of":[27,56,156,205],"intelligent":[28,77],"transportation":[29],"systems.":[30],"In":[31],"practice,":[32],"often":[36],"challenged":[37],"by":[38,42,73,175],"measurement":[39,91],"bias":[40],"caused":[41],"nonline-of-sight":[43],"(NLOS)":[44],"propagation,":[45,158],"inputs":[47],"arising":[48],"from":[49,127],"uncertainties":[50],"or":[51,131],"acceleration/deceleration":[52],"maneuvers,":[53],"risks":[55],"signal":[57,132],"location":[59],"privacy":[60],"leakage.":[61],"To":[62],"address":[63],"these":[64],"issues,":[65],"a":[66,148],"framework":[70],"proposed":[72,207],"integrating":[74],"reconfigurable":[76],"surface":[78],"(RIS)":[79],"technique,":[80],"an":[81,86,144,182],"unknown-input":[82,145],"estimation":[83],"method,":[84],"output-mask":[87],"mechanism.":[88],"A":[89],"unified":[90],"model":[92],"first":[94],"developed":[95,189],"represent":[97],"both":[98],"line-of-sight":[99],"(LOS)":[100],"NLOS":[102,115,157],"scenarios,":[103],"RISs":[105],"are":[106,151,166,173],"employed":[107],"construct":[109],"virtual":[110],"LOS":[111],"paths":[112],"mitigate":[114],"effects.":[116],"An":[117],"output-mask-based":[118],"strategy":[120],"then":[122],"designed":[123],"prevent":[125],"eavesdroppers":[126],"inferring":[128],"locations":[130],"characteristics":[133],"while":[134],"maintaining":[135],"required":[137],"performance.":[139],"Based":[140],"on":[141,163],"this":[142],"model,":[143],"estimator":[146],"filter":[150],"constructed,":[152],"impacts":[155],"inputs,":[160],"masking":[162],"performance":[165],"analyzed.":[167],"The":[168],"associated":[169],"gain":[170],"matrix":[171],"parameters":[172],"obtained":[174],"solving":[176],"corresponding":[178],"optimization":[179],"problems.":[180],"Furthermore,":[181],"RIS-assisted":[183],"algorithm":[187],"exploit":[191],"multisource":[192],"measurements":[193],"enhance":[195],"robustness":[197],"accuracy.":[199],"Simulation":[200],"results":[201],"demonstrate":[202],"effectiveness":[204],"method.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2026-04-08T00:00:00"}