{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7115950306","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2025.3633149","title":"Trustworthy Data-Driven Prefault Frequency Security Assessment for Power Systems Using Disturbance-Informed Learning","display_name":"Trustworthy Data-Driven Prefault Frequency Security Assessment for Power Systems Using Disturbance-Informed Learning","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7115950306","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2025.3633149"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2025.3633149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2025.3633149","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yutian Lan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4174-5677"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yutian Lan","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4174-5677","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yurun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8693-1358"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yurun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8693-1358","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Wei Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4054-5916"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4054-5916","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Shanyang Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3048-8893"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shanyang Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3048-8893","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Tianjun Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0356-4448"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianjun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0356-4448","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hang Shuai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5087-699X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hang Shuai","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5087-699X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jinyu Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0288-727X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinyu Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0288-727X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.48988328,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"3","first_page":"1950","last_page":"1961"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.7940999865531921,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.7940999865531921,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.065700002014637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10972","display_name":"Power Systems Fault Detection","score":0.03440000116825104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disturbance","display_name":"Disturbance (geology)","score":0.6575999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.5468000173568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.3950999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.37689998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.3666999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/admittance","display_name":"Admittance","score":0.3582000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.3336000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.33009999990463257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6898000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283581","display_name":"Disturbance (geology)","level":2,"score":0.6575999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.5468000173568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3950999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.37689998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.3666999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108811297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214518","display_name":"Admittance","level":3,"score":0.3582000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3497999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.34779998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.3336000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.33009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3228999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.30559998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779136372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10283002","display_name":"Information flow","level":2,"score":0.29809999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.29420000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.28369998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.2768000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88230418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131476","display_name":"Graph theory","level":2,"score":0.2718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776289891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931511","display_name":"Neglect","level":2,"score":0.26930001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.260699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.2578999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178148461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1632136","display_name":"Security controls","level":3,"score":0.2567000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25915539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220786","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","level":2,"score":0.25429999828338623}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2025.3633149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2025.3633149","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5972800850868225,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5801419068","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U22B20111","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7579171986","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52407103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979170328","https://openalex.org/W2908732234","https://openalex.org/W2926956015","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W3006047736","https://openalex.org/W3015069299","https://openalex.org/W3110874572","https://openalex.org/W3124749825","https://openalex.org/W3139271619","https://openalex.org/W3150525409","https://openalex.org/W3177165236","https://openalex.org/W4200052204","https://openalex.org/W4312467992","https://openalex.org/W4313434060","https://openalex.org/W4319988704","https://openalex.org/W4322769874","https://openalex.org/W4364856178","https://openalex.org/W4381747987","https://openalex.org/W4388838079","https://openalex.org/W4391407212","https://openalex.org/W4391731089","https://openalex.org/W4394627513","https://openalex.org/W4394966790","https://openalex.org/W4396852960","https://openalex.org/W4401452210","https://openalex.org/W4402592633","https://openalex.org/W4406046729","https://openalex.org/W4406388045","https://openalex.org/W4407926352","https://openalex.org/W4410809482"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Frequency":[0],"security":[1],"assessment":[2],"(FSA)":[3],"is":[4],"critical":[5,138],"for":[6],"the":[7,57,119,134,162],"safe":[8],"operation":[9],"of":[10,28,60],"modern":[11],"power":[12,93,96,169],"systems,":[13],"particularly":[14],"under":[15],"increasing":[16],"uncertainty":[17],"and":[18,37,44,55,67,142,166,183],"renewable":[19],"integration.":[20],"In":[21,144],"online":[22],"prefault":[23],"scenarios,":[24],"a":[25,76,167],"large":[26],"set":[27],"anticipated":[29],"disturbances,":[30],"such":[31],"as":[32],"generator":[33],"tripping,":[34],"load":[35],"shedding,":[36],"HVdc":[38],"blocking,":[39],"must":[40],"be":[41],"evaluated":[42],"rapidly":[43],"accurately.":[45],"However,":[46],"existing":[47,179],"data-driven":[48,88],"methods":[49],"struggle":[50],"to":[51,108],"capture":[52],"disturbance":[53,61,85,97,114,146,157],"mechanisms":[54],"neglect":[56],"spatial":[58],"influence":[59],"locations,":[62],"resulting":[63],"in":[64,122,171,181],"reduced":[65],"generalization":[66],"reliability.":[68],"To":[69,112],"address":[70],"these":[71],"limitations,":[72],"this":[73],"article":[74],"proposes":[75],"trustworthy":[77,188],"disturbance-informed":[78],"learning":[79],"(DIL)":[80],"framework":[81],"that":[82,176],"incorporates":[83],"location-sensitive":[84],"features":[86],"into":[87,99],"FSA.":[89],"By":[90],"integrating":[91],"steady-state":[92],"flow":[94],"with":[95,129,155],"data":[98],"graph-structured":[100],"representations,":[101],"DIL":[102,117,177],"leverages":[103],"graph":[104],"convolutional":[105],"networks":[106],"(GCN)":[107],"extract":[109],"topology-aware":[110],"features.":[111],"reflect":[113],"location":[115,147],"differences,":[116],"modifies":[118],"dropout":[120],"process":[121],"GCN":[123],"training":[124],"by":[125,151],"replacing":[126],"random":[127],"sampling":[128],"location-based":[130],"sampling.":[131],"This":[132],"helps":[133],"model":[135,153],"focus":[136],"on":[137,161],"nodes,":[139],"improving":[140],"accuracy":[141,182],"robustness.":[143],"addition,":[145],"information":[148],"enhances":[149],"trustworthiness":[150],"comparing":[152],"attention":[154],"actual":[156],"positions.":[158],"Case":[159],"studies":[160],"IEEE":[163],"39-bus":[164],"system":[165],"provincial":[168],"grid":[170],"China":[172],"(3748":[173],"buses)":[174],"demonstrate":[175],"outperforms":[178],"models":[180],"robustness,":[184],"while":[185],"enabling":[186],"more":[187],"predictions.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-12-19T00:00:00"}