{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396214229","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2024.3390549","title":"Attack Detection and Mitigation Scheme of Load Frequency Control Systems Against False Data Injection Attacks","display_name":"Attack Detection and Mitigation Scheme of Load Frequency Control Systems Against False Data Injection Attacks","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396214229","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2024.3390549"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2024.3390549","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2024.3390549","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101630631","display_name":"Xin Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8243-1538"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8243-1538","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035188278","display_name":"Zhongjing Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1617-7201"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongjing Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1617-7201","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030741673","display_name":"Xingyu Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0987-2820"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56934997","display_name":"Changsha University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03yph8055","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingyu Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0987-2820","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073256902","display_name":"Suli Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1508-8458"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suli Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1508-8458","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.383,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97829131,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"8","first_page":"9952","last_page":"9962"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12277","display_name":"Frequency Control in Power Systems","score":0.9739000201225281,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6344588398933411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5967177152633667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-frequency-control","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","score":0.4340732991695404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3477551341056824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.14176514744758606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6344588398933411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5967177152633667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25915539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220786","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","level":2,"score":0.4340732991695404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3477551341056824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14176514744758606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2024.3390549","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2024.3390549","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1273522727","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022JJ40490","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G339474610","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62373051","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3929439719","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52107070","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1489327260","https://openalex.org/W2038250306","https://openalex.org/W2115472369","https://openalex.org/W2148431083","https://openalex.org/W2159848772","https://openalex.org/W2312340764","https://openalex.org/W2324861975","https://openalex.org/W2593244526","https://openalex.org/W2765366020","https://openalex.org/W2793107922","https://openalex.org/W2795786455","https://openalex.org/W2799059726","https://openalex.org/W2893387339","https://openalex.org/W2907763162","https://openalex.org/W2977733636","https://openalex.org/W3088000450","https://openalex.org/W3121972487","https://openalex.org/W3135242233","https://openalex.org/W3136810246","https://openalex.org/W3195665885","https://openalex.org/W3200135131","https://openalex.org/W3200160611","https://openalex.org/W4206184777","https://openalex.org/W4210411892","https://openalex.org/W4224932126","https://openalex.org/W4226401783","https://openalex.org/W4285222161","https://openalex.org/W4288064477","https://openalex.org/W4312522149","https://openalex.org/W4313063116"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Load":[0],"frequency":[1,152],"control":[2],"(LFC)":[3],"of":[4,34,50,67,118,125,180],"modern":[5],"power":[6,155],"systems":[7,36,69,175],"depends":[8],"on":[9,93,129,134],"open":[10],"communication":[11],"networks":[12],"to":[13,24,30,41,59,83,102,144,176],"transmit":[14],"measurement/control":[15],"signals,":[16],"which":[17],"may":[18],"make":[19],"the":[20,32,43,47,51,54,61,86,97,116,119,126,135,146,151,161,169,178,181],"LFC":[21,35,68,140],"scheme":[22,66,141],"vulnerable":[23],"cyberattacks.":[25],"Therefore,":[26],"it":[27],"is":[28,81,100,142],"necessary":[29,113],"ensure":[31],"resilience":[33],"against":[37,70],"cyberattacks":[38],"so":[39],"as":[40],"detect":[42],"attack":[44,62,90,98,105,136,147],"and":[45,64,89,112,121,149,153,172],"maintain":[46],"stable":[48],"operation":[49],"system":[52,87],"during":[53,160],"attack.":[55,162],"This":[56],"article":[57],"aims":[58],"investigate":[60],"detection":[63],"mitigation":[65],"false":[71],"data":[72],"injection":[73],"attacks.":[74],"A":[75],"model-based":[76],"unknown":[77],"input":[78],"observer":[79],"(UIO)":[80],"designed":[82],"simultaneously":[84],"estimate":[85],"state":[88],"signal":[91],"based":[92,128],"load":[94],"prediction,":[95],"where":[96],"estimation":[99],"utilized":[101],"achieve":[103],"real-time":[104],"detection.":[106],"Moreover,":[107],"we":[108],"present":[109],"a":[110,122,138],"sufficient":[111],"condition":[114],"for":[115],"existence":[117],"UIO":[120,127],"design":[123],"method":[124],"linear":[130],"matrix":[131],"inequalities.":[132],"Based":[133],"estimation,":[137],"resilient":[139],"proposed":[143,182],"mitigate":[145],"impact":[148],"restore":[150],"tie-line":[154],"within":[156],"an":[157],"accepted":[158],"range":[159],"Finally,":[163],"case":[164],"studies":[165],"are":[166],"undertaken":[167],"by":[168],"IEEE":[170],"9-":[171],"39-bus":[173],"test":[174],"show":[177],"effectiveness":[179],"scheme.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-07T14:30:12.667765","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
