{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4378421989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2023.3280319","title":"Distributed Secondary Frequency Control for AC Microgrids Using Load Power Forecasting Based on Artificial Neural Network","display_name":"Distributed Secondary Frequency Control for AC Microgrids Using Load Power Forecasting Based on Artificial Neural Network","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4378421989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2023.3280319"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2023.3280319","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2023.3280319","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073280890","display_name":"Yinghao Shan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1725-1001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181326427","display_name":"Donghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/035psfh38","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181326427"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinghao Shan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China","Engineering Research Center of Digitalized Textile and Fashion Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1725-1001","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181326427"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Digitalized Textile and Fashion Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004758745","display_name":"Jiefeng Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6725-4564"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149672521","display_name":"Federation University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbzwv83","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149672521"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiefeng Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for New Energy Transition Research, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, Australia","Future Regions Research Centre, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6725-4564","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for New Energy Transition Research, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149672521"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Future Regions Research Centre, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149672521"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056603533","display_name":"Bo Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3482-5783"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181326427","display_name":"Donghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/035psfh38","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181326427"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China","Engineering Research Center of Digitalized Textile and Fashion Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3482-5783","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181326427"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Digitalized Textile and Fashion Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6806,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94102886,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"2","first_page":"1651","last_page":"1662"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14444","display_name":"Power Systems and Renewable Energy","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2102","display_name":"Energy Engineering and Power Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-droop","display_name":"Voltage droop","score":0.8120776414871216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-frequency-control","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","score":0.7905557751655579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonics","display_name":"Harmonics","score":0.6355745792388916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6246650218963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-deviation","display_name":"Frequency deviation","score":0.5984125733375549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5890807509422302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ac-power","display_name":"AC power","score":0.5415987372398376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5341666340827942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-generation","display_name":"Distributed generation","score":0.48261865973472595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-control","display_name":"Power control","score":0.462738573551178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.44997721910476685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fundamental-frequency","display_name":"Fundamental frequency","score":0.4469682574272156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.419768750667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.38271602988243103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.33262577652931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.328697144985199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3159152865409851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.2927747964859009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-regulator","display_name":"Voltage regulator","score":0.16303566098213196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.12587174773216248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.12345436215400696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11044454574584961}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40760162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10920295","display_name":"Voltage droop","level":4,"score":0.8120776414871216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25915539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220786","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","level":2,"score":0.7905557751655579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188414643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001183","display_name":"Harmonics","level":3,"score":0.6355745792388916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6246650218963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123919525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q761942","display_name":"Frequency deviation","level":3,"score":0.5984125733375549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5890807509422302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108755667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930258","display_name":"AC power","level":3,"score":0.5415987372398376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5341666340827942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544738498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861135","display_name":"Distributed generation","level":3,"score":0.48261865973472595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56685638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2300474","display_name":"Power control","level":3,"score":0.462738573551178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.44997721910476685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10513763","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331774","display_name":"Fundamental frequency","level":2,"score":0.4469682574272156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.419768750667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.38271602988243103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.33262577652931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.328697144985199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3159152865409851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.2927747964859009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110706871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851210","display_name":"Voltage regulator","level":3,"score":0.16303566098213196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.12587174773216248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.12345436215400696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11044454574584961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2023.3280319","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2023.3280319","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:vital:19471","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/200939","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400234","display_name":"FedUni ResearchOnline (Federation University Australia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210158496","host_organization_name":"Australian Federation of University Women \u2013 South Australia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158496"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5799999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1055660851","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2232021D-38","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6326848705","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62273088","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504052325","https://openalex.org/W1665876831","https://openalex.org/W1994440383","https://openalex.org/W2005898567","https://openalex.org/W2139033201","https://openalex.org/W2222845742","https://openalex.org/W2336141656","https://openalex.org/W2512948016","https://openalex.org/W2523655061","https://openalex.org/W2548618581","https://openalex.org/W2560127681","https://openalex.org/W2604126338","https://openalex.org/W2769912520","https://openalex.org/W2784181010","https://openalex.org/W2886292843","https://openalex.org/W2894885106","https://openalex.org/W2903413770","https://openalex.org/W2903523109","https://openalex.org/W2906857449","https://openalex.org/W2963636710","https://openalex.org/W2970007944","https://openalex.org/W2972697822","https://openalex.org/W2973303215","https://openalex.org/W2974143670","https://openalex.org/W2983436474","https://openalex.org/W2991031800","https://openalex.org/W3006999712","https://openalex.org/W3021473471","https://openalex.org/W3045338341","https://openalex.org/W3088616480","https://openalex.org/W3134809997","https://openalex.org/W3134811368","https://openalex.org/W3149578452","https://openalex.org/W3170936729","https://openalex.org/W3176181793","https://openalex.org/W3207258242","https://openalex.org/W3209502631","https://openalex.org/W4226082183","https://openalex.org/W4287887955"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2892695466","https://openalex.org/W2766311747","https://openalex.org/W4379525856","https://openalex.org/W2529755282","https://openalex.org/W4213134919","https://openalex.org/W3127790372","https://openalex.org/W4231913803","https://openalex.org/W4388727019","https://openalex.org/W2382782532","https://openalex.org/W3023710910"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,54],"islanded":[1],"ac":[2],"microgrids":[3],"with":[4,88],"heterogeneous":[5],"distributed":[6,64,100],"generations":[7],"(DGs),":[8],"secondary":[9,65],"frequency":[10,16,36,46,66,77,83,131],"control":[11,67],"(SFC)":[12],"can":[13,80],"restore":[14],"the":[15,20,25,34,117],"that":[17,116],"deviates":[18],"from":[19,97],"nominal":[21],"level":[22],"due":[23],"to":[24,31,38,44],"primary":[26],"P-f":[27],"droop":[28],"control.":[29],"Traditionally,":[30],"realize":[32],"SFC,":[33],"instantaneous":[35],"needs":[37],"be":[39],"directly":[40],"measured":[41],"or":[42],"estimated":[43],"produce":[45],"compensations,":[47],"which":[48],"increases":[49],"system":[50],"cost":[51],"and":[52,85,102,133],"complexity.":[53],"this":[55],"article,":[56],"a":[57],"new":[58],"spatial":[59],"load":[60,90,138],"power":[61,95],"forecasting":[62],"for":[63],"(SLPF-DSFC)":[68],"based":[69,105],"on":[70,106],"artificial":[71],"neural":[72],"networks":[73],"is":[74],"proposed.":[75],"Without":[76],"measurement,":[78],"it":[79],"effectively":[81],"eliminate":[82],"deviations":[84],"autonomously":[86],"cope":[87],"various":[89],"changes":[91],"by":[92],"optimizing":[93],"active":[94],"outputs":[96],"DGs.":[98],"The":[99],"average":[101],"pinning":[103],"protocols":[104],"graph":[107],"theory":[108],"are":[109],"also":[110],"included.":[111],"Comprehensive":[112],"case":[113],"studies":[114],"demonstrate":[115],"proposed":[118],"SLPF-DSFC":[119],"method":[120],"shows":[121],"superior":[122],"performance":[123],"over":[124],"conventional":[125],"SFC":[126,140],"approaches":[127],"in":[128],"terms":[129],"of":[130],"stabilization":[132],"voltage":[134],"harmonics":[135],"reduction":[136],"during":[137],"variations,":[139],"startup/shutdown,":[141],"as":[142,144],"well":[143],"communication":[145],"delays.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-12T21:12:35.861297","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
