{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4319866282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2023.3240739","title":"NeuPot: A Neural Network-Based Honeypot for Detecting Cyber Threats in Industrial Control Systems","display_name":"NeuPot: A Neural Network-Based Honeypot for Detecting Cyber Threats in Industrial Control Systems","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4319866282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2023.3240739"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2023.3240739","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2023.3240739","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002483979","display_name":"Yao Shan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4215-3307"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134419","display_name":"Neusoft (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/02zc84r97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134419"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yao Shan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","Neusoft Corporation, Liaoning Cyberspace Security Professional Technology Innovation Center and Shenyang Industrial Big Data Technology Innovation Center, Shenyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neusoft Corporation, Liaoning Cyberspace Security Professional Technology Innovation Center and Shenyang Industrial Big Data Technology Innovation Center, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134419"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100749120","display_name":"Yu Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5458-541X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057363990","display_name":"Tong Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7222-9021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tong Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101930900","display_name":"Wei Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4471-0026"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Software, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Software, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002483979"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134419","https://openalex.org/I9224756"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.6127,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96514334,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"10","first_page":"10512","last_page":"10522"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/honeypot","display_name":"Honeypot","score":0.9883501529693604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modbus","display_name":"Modbus","score":0.7202497124671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6647932529449463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6424353122711182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-control-system","display_name":"Industrial control system","score":0.5643312931060791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5016443729400635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interactivity","display_name":"Interactivity","score":0.5012764930725098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.4611317217350006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-threats","display_name":"Cyber threats","score":0.44362419843673706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-security","display_name":"Network security","score":0.4130292534828186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.33314234018325806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.3054508566856384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-protocol","display_name":"Communications protocol","score":0.28025132417678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1656993329524994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.14389851689338684}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191267431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911932","display_name":"Honeypot","level":2,"score":0.9883501529693604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776666747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135322","display_name":"Modbus","level":3,"score":0.7202497124671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6647932529449463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6424353122711182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40071531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2513962","display_name":"Industrial control system","level":3,"score":0.5643312931060791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5016443729400635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144430266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839721","display_name":"Interactivity","level":2,"score":0.5012764930725098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.4611317217350006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018725008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4071928","display_name":"Cyber threats","level":2,"score":0.44362419843673706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.4130292534828186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.33314234018325806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.3054508566856384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12269588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132364","display_name":"Communications protocol","level":2,"score":0.28025132417678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1656993329524994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.14389851689338684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2023.3240739","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2023.3240739","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W195047088","https://openalex.org/W313385724","https://openalex.org/W1902237438","https://openalex.org/W2048063069","https://openalex.org/W2207050309","https://openalex.org/W2295108256","https://openalex.org/W2462751245","https://openalex.org/W2768947629","https://openalex.org/W2784307305","https://openalex.org/W2796752342","https://openalex.org/W2810960184","https://openalex.org/W2978749877","https://openalex.org/W2980035252","https://openalex.org/W2980038013","https://openalex.org/W2980139159","https://openalex.org/W2990025694","https://openalex.org/W3008587543","https://openalex.org/W3034051948","https://openalex.org/W3085854806","https://openalex.org/W3092834739","https://openalex.org/W3104254983","https://openalex.org/W3119890970","https://openalex.org/W3194537350","https://openalex.org/W4200515196","https://openalex.org/W4206910249","https://openalex.org/W6621543089"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389485405","https://openalex.org/W1578384606","https://openalex.org/W3208265074","https://openalex.org/W4297097635","https://openalex.org/W1967903162","https://openalex.org/W4213209911","https://openalex.org/W2990025694","https://openalex.org/W2291399296","https://openalex.org/W3147872107","https://openalex.org/W79658127"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Honeypots":[0],"have":[1],"proven":[2],"to":[3,25,34,68,104,121,123,136,157,164],"be":[4],"an":[5],"effective":[6,173],"defense":[7],"method":[8],"for":[9,149],"industrial":[10,75,150],"control":[11],"systems":[12],"(ICSs).":[13],"However,":[14],"as":[15],"attacker":[16,69],"skills":[17],"become":[18],"more":[19],"sophisticated,":[20],"it":[21],"becomes":[22],"increasingly":[23],"difficult":[24],"develop":[26],"honeypots":[27],"that":[28,50],"can":[29,66],"effectively":[30],"recognize":[31],"and":[32,59,83,135,160,174,182],"respond":[33,67],"such":[35],"attacks.":[36],"In":[37],"this":[38,89],"article,":[39],"we":[40],"propose":[41],"a":[42,73,92,115,145],"neural":[43],"network-based":[44],"ICS":[45,82,111,127],"honeypot":[46,57,90,117,169],"scheme":[47,170],"named":[48],"NeuPot":[49,65],"improves":[51],"security":[52],"from":[53],"two":[54],"aspects:":[55],"1)":[56],"interaction;":[58],"2)":[60],"cyber":[61,139,185],"threats":[62,140],"detection":[63,154],"capability.":[64],"requests":[70],"depending":[71],"on":[72],"specific":[74],"scenario":[76],"without":[77],"constant":[78],"communication":[79],"with":[80,133],"the":[81,106,142,167],"detect":[84],"malicious":[85,152],"traffic.":[86],"To":[87],"create":[88],"scheme,":[91],"new":[93],"seq2seq":[94],"time-series":[95],"forecast":[96],"model":[97],"guided":[98],"by":[99],"Huber":[100],"loss":[101,147],"is":[102,119,155,171],"designed":[103],"simulate":[105],"long-term":[107],"changes":[108,124],"in":[109,125,130,178,183],"actual":[110],"physical":[112,128],"processes.":[113],"Second,":[114],"Modbus":[116],"framework":[118],"created":[120],"react":[122],"these":[126],"processes":[129],"their":[131],"interactions":[132],"attackers":[134],"capture":[137],"various":[138],"against":[141],"ICS.":[143],"Further,":[144],"novel":[146],"function":[148],"protocol-level":[151],"traffic":[153],"devised":[156],"identify":[158],"known":[159],"unknown":[161],"threats.":[162,186],"According":[163],"our":[165],"experiments,":[166],"proposed":[168],"highly":[172],"outperforms":[175],"state-of-the-art":[176],"schemes":[177],"terms":[179],"of":[180],"interactivity":[181],"detecting":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-13T07:58:08.660418","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
