{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4298016884","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2022.3196621","title":"An LSTM and ANN Fusion Dynamic Model of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell","display_name":"An LSTM and ANN Fusion Dynamic Model of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4298016884","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2022.3196621"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2022.3196621","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2022.3196621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100318208","display_name":"Wei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5082-2825"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100711620","display_name":"Xinli Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1376-3483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinli Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100435829","display_name":"Lei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0296-8993"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022255906","display_name":"Lei Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4405-7274"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113852285","display_name":"Rui Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4119-4433"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064422431","display_name":"Zhichao Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3702-4095"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhichao Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wuhan Institute of Marine Electric Propulsion, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan Institute of Marine Electric Propulsion, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100738459","display_name":"Wenjie Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4700-9761"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjie Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Foresight Energy Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foresight Energy Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100318208"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9712,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":50,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94482694,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"4","first_page":"5743","last_page":"5751"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10409","display_name":"Fuel Cells and Related Materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10409","display_name":"Fuel Cells and Related Materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10311","display_name":"Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proton-exchange-membrane-fuel-cell","display_name":"Proton exchange membrane fuel cell","score":0.7301108241081238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6525742411613464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autocorrelation","display_name":"Autocorrelation","score":0.583840012550354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5618241429328918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5406737923622131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5218959450721741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.47087371349334717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.4689336121082306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.4342602491378784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3578171133995056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3476852774620056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-cells","display_name":"Fuel cells","score":0.2411845326423645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22925063967704773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10562065243721008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10466334223747253}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132319479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899619","display_name":"Proton exchange membrane fuel cell","level":3,"score":0.7301108241081238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6525742411613464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5297727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786970","display_name":"Autocorrelation","level":2,"score":0.583840012550354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5618241429328918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5406737923622131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5218959450721741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.47087371349334717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.4689336121082306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.4342602491378784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3578171133995056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3476852774620056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987658370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180253","display_name":"Fuel cells","level":2,"score":0.2411845326423645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22925063967704773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10562065243721008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10466334223747253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2022.3196621","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2022.3196621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1699340164","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019YFB1504700","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8353740987","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62073194","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G878655878","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61821004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322271","display_name":"Science Fund for Creative Research Groups","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6908809","https://openalex.org/W1980287119","https://openalex.org/W2007756949","https://openalex.org/W2094622718","https://openalex.org/W2149366798","https://openalex.org/W2754252319","https://openalex.org/W2798836747","https://openalex.org/W2889612909","https://openalex.org/W2899561878","https://openalex.org/W2943512791","https://openalex.org/W2944044363","https://openalex.org/W2969862308","https://openalex.org/W2971555608","https://openalex.org/W3015940208","https://openalex.org/W3017104303","https://openalex.org/W3021048621","https://openalex.org/W3035930691","https://openalex.org/W3096526890","https://openalex.org/W3118897723","https://openalex.org/W3126704212","https://openalex.org/W3135265095","https://openalex.org/W3137168302","https://openalex.org/W3158998026","https://openalex.org/W3159284026","https://openalex.org/W4206061637","https://openalex.org/W4213423322","https://openalex.org/W4214952212","https://openalex.org/W4230715394","https://openalex.org/W6600284362"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2942800108","https://openalex.org/W172904397","https://openalex.org/W747394405","https://openalex.org/W2108479988","https://openalex.org/W2529758252","https://openalex.org/W2080384562","https://openalex.org/W4225394202","https://openalex.org/W1987236514","https://openalex.org/W2093282101","https://openalex.org/W2964006806"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"proton":[1],"exchange":[2],"membrane":[3],"fuel":[4],"cell":[5],"(PEMFC)":[6],"has":[7],"great":[8],"application":[9],"prospects":[10],"due":[11],"to":[12,22,67,129,204],"its":[13,93],"low":[14],"emission":[15],"and":[16,42,59,78,98,120,149,165,176,197],"high":[17],"efficiency.":[18],"An":[19],"accurate":[20],"model":[21,72,152,179,200],"predict":[23,130],"the":[24,31,35,38,54,69,76,84,88,103,106,113,116,125,131,139,147,156,173,182,187,206,211],"dynamic":[25,71,133],"output":[26,134],"voltage":[27],"is":[28,65,110,153],"essential":[29],"for":[30,37],"optimal":[32,207],"control":[33,208],"of":[34,105,118,192,210],"PEMFC":[36,70,90,132,145],"applications":[39],"on":[40],"vehicles":[41],"power":[43],"stations.":[44],"In":[45],"this":[46],"article,":[47],"a":[48,143],"novel":[49],"deep":[50],"learning":[51],"framework":[52],"with":[53,92,96,124,155,186],"long":[55],"short-term":[56],"memory":[57],"(LSTM)":[58],"artificial":[60],"neural":[61],"network":[62],"(ANN)":[63],"fusion":[64,151,178,199],"proposed":[66,174,195],"develop":[68,205],"by":[73,112,138],"extracting":[74],"both":[75],"historical":[77],"current":[79,108],"information.":[80],"The":[81,168,194],"LSTM":[82,119,148,166,175,196],"extracts":[83],"temporal":[85],"information":[86,127],"from":[87,142],"past":[89],"states":[91],"order":[94],"determined":[95],"autocorrelation":[97,100],"partial":[99],"functions,":[101],"while":[102],"influence":[104],"system":[107],"inputs":[109],"learnt":[111],"ANN.":[114],"Then,":[115],"outputs":[117],"ANN":[121,150,177,198],"are":[122],"concatenated":[123],"multiple":[126],"fused":[128],"voltage.":[135],"After":[136],"validated":[137],"operating":[140],"data":[141],"laboratory-scale":[144],"system,":[146],"compared":[154],"existing":[157],"models,":[158],"such":[159],"as":[160],"support":[161],"vector":[162],"regression,":[163],"ANN,":[164],"methods.":[167],"comparison":[169],"results":[170],"show":[171],"that":[172],"can":[180,201],"provide":[181],"best":[183],"prediction":[184],"performance":[185],"lowest":[188],"mean":[189],"square":[190],"error":[191],"1.303.":[193],"be":[202],"helpful":[203],"strategy":[209],"PEMFC.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-04-07T14:57:38.498316","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}