{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4286377411","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2022.3192901","title":"Adversarial ELF Malware Detection Method Using Model Interpretation","display_name":"Adversarial ELF Malware Detection Method Using Model Interpretation","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4286377411","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2022.3192901"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2022.3192901","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2022.3192901","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042879386","display_name":"Yanchen Qiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5009-3095"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanchen Qiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of New Networks, Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5009-3095","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of New Networks, Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085221201","display_name":"Weizhe Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4783-876X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158809036","display_name":"Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03wrf9427","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158809036"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weizhe Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China","Department of New Networks, Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4783-876X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158809036","https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of New Networks, Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035201015","display_name":"Zhicheng Tian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158809036","display_name":"Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03wrf9427","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158809036"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhicheng Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158809036","https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049154222","display_name":"Laurence T. Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7986-4244"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197191942","display_name":"St. Francis Xavier University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wcaxs37","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197191942"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laurence T. Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7986-4244","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197191942"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028874350","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2486-5765"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158809036","display_name":"Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03wrf9427","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158809036"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2486-5765","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158809036","https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018409592","display_name":"Mamoun Alazab","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1928-3704"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29894533","display_name":"Charles Darwin University","ror":"https://ror.org/048zcaj52","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29894533"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mamoun Alazab","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1928-3704","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29894533"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7058,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86480043,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"1","first_page":"605","last_page":"615"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.9102482199668884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware","display_name":"Malware","score":0.8682196736335754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7673655152320862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-machine-learning","display_name":"Adversarial machine learning","score":0.5290419459342957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executable","display_name":"Executable","score":0.518682599067688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5085500478744507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/byte","display_name":"Byte","score":0.5081117153167725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.43713611364364624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4209459125995636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretation","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","score":0.42092013359069824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.4181874990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.40173983573913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.36329078674316406}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.9102482199668884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541664917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14001","display_name":"Malware","level":2,"score":0.8682196736335754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7673655152320862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778403875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20312394","display_name":"Adversarial machine learning","level":3,"score":0.5290419459342957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160145156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778586","display_name":"Executable","level":2,"score":0.518682599067688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5085500478744507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43364308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8799","display_name":"Byte","level":2,"score":0.5081117153167725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.43713611364364624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4209459125995636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.42092013359069824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.4181874990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.40173983573913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.36329078674316406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2022.3192901","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2022.3192901","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8399999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2623446322","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62102202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1614298861","https://openalex.org/W1673923490","https://openalex.org/W1678356000","https://openalex.org/W1883420340","https://openalex.org/W1945616565","https://openalex.org/W2131744502","https://openalex.org/W2170770919","https://openalex.org/W2180612164","https://openalex.org/W2193413348","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2230740169","https://openalex.org/W2243264382","https://openalex.org/W2269778407","https://openalex.org/W2294590153","https://openalex.org/W2296719434","https://openalex.org/W2567070169","https://openalex.org/W2591788621","https://openalex.org/W2610321374","https://openalex.org/W2620038827","https://openalex.org/W2753395445","https://openalex.org/W2766101558","https://openalex.org/W2780450026","https://openalex.org/W2785844809","https://openalex.org/W2794873039","https://openalex.org/W2796394805","https://openalex.org/W2806548100","https://openalex.org/W2809376420","https://openalex.org/W2884001105","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2963165251","https://openalex.org/W2963542245","https://openalex.org/W2963744840","https://openalex.org/W2963857521","https://openalex.org/W2964082701","https://openalex.org/W2966399854","https://openalex.org/W3002543587","https://openalex.org/W3004651308","https://openalex.org/W3006325478","https://openalex.org/W3041370783","https://openalex.org/W3083527560","https://openalex.org/W3206526518","https://openalex.org/W4288638181","https://openalex.org/W4297747285","https://openalex.org/W6636510571","https://openalex.org/W6637162671","https://openalex.org/W6639568328","https://openalex.org/W6640425456","https://openalex.org/W6679775712","https://openalex.org/W6687566353","https://openalex.org/W6689238212","https://openalex.org/W6690643801","https://openalex.org/W6697041534","https://openalex.org/W6719080892","https://openalex.org/W6731370813","https://openalex.org/W6734028196","https://openalex.org/W6743691393","https://openalex.org/W6745899033","https://openalex.org/W6748365352","https://openalex.org/W6758125152"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995118279","https://openalex.org/W4240624848","https://openalex.org/W3048732067","https://openalex.org/W4383468834","https://openalex.org/W4283221438","https://openalex.org/W2900159906","https://openalex.org/W4384648009","https://openalex.org/W4287828318","https://openalex.org/W2406556600","https://openalex.org/W4380352238"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"research":[1],"shows":[2],"that":[3,48,134],"executable":[4],"and":[5,40,87,123],"linkable":[6],"format":[7],"(ELF)":[8],"malware":[9,57,84,110,145],"detection":[10,85,98,111,146],"models":[11],"based":[12],"on":[13],"deep":[14],"learning":[15],"are":[16,60],"vulnerable":[17],"to":[18,32,68,100,127],"adversarial":[19,30,34,45,56,70,92,102,141],"attacks.":[20,46],"The":[21],"most":[22],"commonly":[23],"used":[24],"method":[25,67,115,136],"in":[26],"previous":[27],"work":[28],"is":[29,38],"training":[31],"defend":[33,139],"examples.":[35,93,103],"Nevertheless,":[36],"it":[37],"inefficient":[39],"only":[41],"effective":[42],"for":[43],"specific":[44],"Given":[47],"the":[49,79,83,89,109,113,120,129,135,140,144],"perturbation":[50],"byte":[51],"insertion":[52],"positions":[53],"of":[54,82,91,108],"existing":[55],"generation":[58],"methods":[59],"relatively":[61],"fixed,":[62],"we":[63,77],"propose":[64],"a":[65],"new":[66],"detect":[69],"ELF":[71],"malware.":[72],"Using":[73],"model":[74,86,122],"interpretation":[75],"techniques,":[76],"analyze":[78],"decision-making":[80],"basis":[81],"extract":[88],"features":[90],"We":[94],"further":[95],"use":[96],"anomaly":[97],"techniques":[99],"identify":[101],"As":[104],"an":[105],"add-on":[106],"module":[107],"model,":[112],"proposed":[114],"does":[116,124],"not":[117,125],"require":[118],"modifying":[119],"original":[121],"need":[126],"retrain":[128],"model.":[130,147],"Evaluating":[131],"results":[132],"show":[133],"can":[137],"effectively":[138],"attacks":[142],"against":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}