{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285120235","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2022.3189427","title":"Robust Optimal Control for Wastewater Treatment Process With Uncertain Time Delays","display_name":"Robust Optimal Control for Wastewater Treatment Process With Uncertain Time Delays","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285120235","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2022.3189427"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2022.3189427","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2022.3189427","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072240057","display_name":"Honggui Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5617-4075"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37796252","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100255","display_name":"Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/016a74861","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Honggui Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Intelligent System, Engineering Research Center of Digital Community, Ministry of Education, Beijing Artificial Intelligence Institute and Beijing Laboratory For Urban Mass Transit, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5617-4075","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Intelligent System, Engineering Research Center of Digital Community, Ministry of Education, Beijing Artificial Intelligence Institute and Beijing Laboratory For Urban Mass Transit, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255","https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100720459","display_name":"Jiacheng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5991-3732"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37796252","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100255","display_name":"Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/016a74861","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiacheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Intelligent System, Engineering Research Center of Digital Community, Ministry of Education, Beijing Artificial Intelligence Institute and Beijing Laboratory For Urban Mass Transit, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Intelligent System, Engineering Research Center of Digital Community, Ministry of Education, Beijing Artificial Intelligence Institute and Beijing Laboratory For Urban Mass Transit, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255","https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073247985","display_name":"Ying Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4480-476X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37796252","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100255","display_name":"Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/016a74861","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Intelligent System, Engineering Research Center of Digital Community, Ministry of Education, Beijing Artificial Intelligence Institute and Beijing Laboratory For Urban Mass Transit, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4480-476X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Intelligent System, Engineering Research Center of Digital Community, Ministry of Education, Beijing Artificial Intelligence Institute and Beijing Laboratory For Urban Mass Transit, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255","https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055432844","display_name":"Junfei Qiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1707-6074"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37796252","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100255","display_name":"Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/016a74861","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junfei Qiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Intelligent System, Engineering Research Center of Digital Community, Ministry of Education, Beijing Artificial Intelligence Institute and Beijing Laboratory For Urban Mass Transit, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1707-6074","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Intelligent System, Engineering Research Center of Digital Community, Ministry of Education, Beijing Artificial Intelligence Institute and Beijing Laboratory For Urban Mass Transit, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255","https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9625,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85464124,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"4","first_page":"5785","last_page":"5796"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12794","display_name":"Adaptive Dynamic Programming Control","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel-density-estimation","display_name":"Kernel density estimation","score":0.7232834696769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6347339153289795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-control","display_name":"Optimal control","score":0.5942638516426086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5563750863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5394606590270996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5129199028015137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.49223724007606506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.48026180267333984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-variable","display_name":"Control variable","score":0.47660961747169495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.42135974764823914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-control","display_name":"Process control","score":0.4140256345272064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.20952826738357544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.182503342628479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.12260115146636963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11870366334915161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.09084886312484741}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71134354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458825","display_name":"Kernel density estimation","level":3,"score":0.7232834696769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6347339153289795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91575142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971426","display_name":"Optimal control","level":2,"score":0.5942638516426086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5563750863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5394606590270996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5129199028015137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.49223724007606506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.48026180267333984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153240184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3243772","display_name":"Control variable","level":2,"score":0.47660961747169495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.42135974764823914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155386361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1649571","display_name":"Process control","level":3,"score":0.4140256345272064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.20952826738357544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.182503342628479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.12260115146636963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11870366334915161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09084886312484741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2022.3189427","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2022.3189427","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3338680186","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62125301","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3929591211","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62021003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4324914903","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61903010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7722303278","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KZ202110005009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G930322716","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61890930-5","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2286619894","https://openalex.org/W2323630342","https://openalex.org/W2542993152","https://openalex.org/W2562251562","https://openalex.org/W2761756876","https://openalex.org/W2762709466","https://openalex.org/W2771739940","https://openalex.org/W2803896320","https://openalex.org/W2883039463","https://openalex.org/W2883894251","https://openalex.org/W2963630377","https://openalex.org/W2965363452","https://openalex.org/W2995404128","https://openalex.org/W2998289593","https://openalex.org/W3042425661","https://openalex.org/W3158384428","https://openalex.org/W3163062727","https://openalex.org/W3174538964","https://openalex.org/W3181152495","https://openalex.org/W3196262453","https://openalex.org/W3203426846","https://openalex.org/W3204299713","https://openalex.org/W3216940482","https://openalex.org/W4214500108","https://openalex.org/W4214593323","https://openalex.org/W4280615863"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2077657322","https://openalex.org/W4283379263","https://openalex.org/W2113133070","https://openalex.org/W2109317839","https://openalex.org/W4200419666","https://openalex.org/W2006831092","https://openalex.org/W1859185863","https://openalex.org/W2098173332","https://openalex.org/W2951026378","https://openalex.org/W2256372689"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"achieve":[1],"the":[2,7,26,30,45,50,74,81,84,105,111,121,126,140,147,158,161],"excellent":[3],"operational":[4,37,52,76,90,107],"performance":[5,164],"of":[6,25,36,114,128,143,165],"wastewater":[8],"treatment":[9],"process,":[10],"optimal":[11,38,46,53,59,77,91,108,112,141,162,172],"control":[12,60,163,173],"has":[13],"been":[14],"considered":[15],"a":[16,22,56,66,96],"reliable":[17],"method.":[18],"However,":[19],"there":[20],"is":[21,41,63,70,101,136,150,167],"time-delay":[23,82],"response":[24],"operation":[27],"performances":[28],"to":[29,34,43,49,72,103,124,138,175],"process":[31,87,115,144],"variables,":[32],"leading":[33],"uncertainties":[35,85],"objectives.":[39,54,78,109],"It":[40],"difficult":[42],"obtain":[44],"set-points":[47,113,142],"due":[48],"uncertain":[51,75,106],"Therefore,":[55],"kernel-density-estimation-based":[57,97],"robust":[58,98],"(KDE-ROC)":[61],"method":[62],"proposed.":[64],"First,":[65],"data-driven":[67],"prediction":[68],"strategy":[69],"developed":[71,137],"construct":[73],"Based":[79],"on":[80,120],"intervals,":[83],"between":[86],"variables":[88,116],"and":[89],"objectives":[92],"are":[93,117],"expressed.":[94],"Second,":[95],"optimization":[99],"algorithm":[100],"designed":[102],"solve":[104],"Then,":[110],"obtained":[118],"depending":[119],"robustness":[122],"index":[123],"reduce":[125],"influence":[127],"uncertainties.":[129],"Third,":[130],"an":[131],"adaptive":[132],"neural":[133],"network":[134],"controller":[135],"track":[139],"variables.":[145],"Finally,":[146],"proposed":[148],"KDE-ROC":[149,166],"applied":[151],"in":[152],"benchmark":[153],"simulation":[154],"model":[155],"No.1.":[156],"In":[157],"experimental":[159],"results,":[160],"compared":[168],"with":[169],"some":[170],"effective":[171],"strategies":[174],"demonstrate":[176],"its":[177],"effectiveness.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
