{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285201538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2022.3179243","title":"Hybrid-Order Representation Learning for Electricity Theft Detection","display_name":"Hybrid-Order Representation Learning for Electricity Theft Detection","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285201538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2022.3179243"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2022.3179243","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2022.3179243","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100346077","display_name":"Yuying Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8765-5434"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuying Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8765-5434","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100354692","display_name":"Yang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5233-3849"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5233-3849","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102971183","display_name":"Lingbo Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8179-6685"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingbo Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong","Smart Cities Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Cities Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100356036","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9423-9252"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9423-9252","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042965510","display_name":"Guanbin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4805-0926"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guanbin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4805-0926","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057897875","display_name":"Mingzhi Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9369-7828"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingzhi Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100412937","display_name":"Liang Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2248-3755"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2248-3755","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100346077"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5096,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93355682,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"2","first_page":"1248","last_page":"1259"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13429","display_name":"Electricity Theft Detection Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13429","display_name":"Electricity Theft Detection Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11220","display_name":"Water Systems and Optimization","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.9771000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.768311619758606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6785832643508911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.6347370147705078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.594953715801239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependency","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","score":0.5011086463928223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.48324617743492126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mains-electricity","display_name":"Mains electricity","score":0.4749058485031128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.4728149175643921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.45891106128692627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumption","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","score":0.4585843086242676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4509423077106476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.44278520345687866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.41967466473579407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.37517985701560974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.22451207041740417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22227007150650024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.18349742889404297}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.768311619758606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6785832643508911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.6347370147705078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.594953715801239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19768560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320727","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5011086463928223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48324617743492126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184773241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q387400","display_name":"Mains electricity","level":3,"score":0.4749058485031128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4728149175643921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.45891106128692627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.4585843086242676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4509423077106476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.44278520345687866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.41967466473579407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.37517985701560974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.22451207041740417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22227007150650024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.18349742889404297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2022.3179243","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2022.3179243","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1874218645","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61976250","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3549433594","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021A15150123","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","funder_display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6412433547","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62002395","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2104657103","https://openalex.org/W2108558074","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2417333619","https://openalex.org/W2743617586","https://openalex.org/W2749507674","https://openalex.org/W2776990447","https://openalex.org/W2785362611","https://openalex.org/W2786088545","https://openalex.org/W2803734570","https://openalex.org/W2894817759","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2914738292","https://openalex.org/W2948517885","https://openalex.org/W2962736999","https://openalex.org/W2963239066","https://openalex.org/W2963840672","https://openalex.org/W2970705010","https://openalex.org/W2978986055","https://openalex.org/W2984440770","https://openalex.org/W2987793235","https://openalex.org/W2988873313","https://openalex.org/W2998109735","https://openalex.org/W3001025709","https://openalex.org/W3004207920","https://openalex.org/W3004999940","https://openalex.org/W3005548505","https://openalex.org/W3005785043","https://openalex.org/W3023277641","https://openalex.org/W3080273007","https://openalex.org/W3095970110","https://openalex.org/W3097369108","https://openalex.org/W3098588661","https://openalex.org/W3098957257","https://openalex.org/W3105931142","https://openalex.org/W3106102496","https://openalex.org/W3112330479","https://openalex.org/W3113584014","https://openalex.org/W3120331202","https://openalex.org/W3127805556","https://openalex.org/W3163273607","https://openalex.org/W3165446392","https://openalex.org/W3167354048","https://openalex.org/W3172930962","https://openalex.org/W3190461479","https://openalex.org/W3215290057","https://openalex.org/W4205137583","https://openalex.org/W4205784232","https://openalex.org/W4206001177","https://openalex.org/W4226277143","https://openalex.org/W4248484754","https://openalex.org/W6696085341","https://openalex.org/W6748102297","https://openalex.org/W6773457010","https://openalex.org/W6781261554","https://openalex.org/W6811565112"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2965546495","https://openalex.org/W4389116644","https://openalex.org/W2153315159","https://openalex.org/W3103844505","https://openalex.org/W259157601","https://openalex.org/W4205463238","https://openalex.org/W2761785940","https://openalex.org/W2110523656","https://openalex.org/W1482209366","https://openalex.org/W4399531511"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Electricity":[0],"theft":[1,97],"is":[2,112,128,143],"the":[3,15,23,26,32,42,69,107,115,147,158,163,176],"primary":[4],"cause":[5],"of":[6,18,25,38,45,85,166,178],"electrical":[7],"losses":[8],"in":[9,51,134],"power":[10,27],"systems,":[11],"which":[12,153],"severely":[13],"harms":[14],"economic":[16],"benefits":[17],"electricity":[19,39,52,86,96,109,167],"providers":[20],"and":[21,36,41,56,67,80],"threatens":[22],"safety":[24],"supply.":[28],"However,":[29],"due":[30],"to":[31,130,145,161],"inherent":[33],"complex":[34],"correlation":[35],"periodicity":[37],"consumption":[40,53,87,110,120],"low":[43],"efficiency":[44],"large-scale":[46],"data":[47,54,111],"processing,":[48],"detecting":[49],"anomalies":[50],"accurately":[55],"efficiently":[57,75],"remains":[58],"challenging.":[59],"Existing":[60],"methods":[61],"usually":[62],"focus":[63],"on":[64,171],"first-order":[65,159],"information":[66],"ignore":[68],"second-order":[70,148],"representation":[71,83,102],"learning":[72,84,103],"that":[73],"can":[74],"model":[76],"global":[77],"temporal":[78],"dependency":[79],"facilitate":[81],"discriminative":[82],"data.":[88],"In":[89],"this":[90],"article,":[91],"we":[92],"propose":[93],"a":[94,135,139,172],"novel":[95],"detection":[98],"framework":[99],"named":[100],"hybrid-order":[101],"network":[104],"(HORLN).":[105],"Specifically,":[106],"sequential":[108],"transformed":[113],"into":[114],"matrix":[116],"format":[117],"containing":[118],"weekly":[119],"records.":[121],"Then,":[122],"an":[123],"inter-and-intra":[124],"week":[125],"convolution":[126],"block":[127],"designed":[129],"capture":[131],"multiscale":[132],"features":[133],"local-to-global":[136],"manner.":[137],"Meanwhile,":[138],"self-dependency":[140],"modeling":[141],"module":[142],"proposed":[144],"learn":[146],"representations":[149,160],"from":[150],"self-correlation":[151],"matrices,":[152],"are":[154],"finally":[155],"combined":[156],"with":[157],"predict":[162],"anomaly":[164],"scores":[165],"consumers.":[168],"Extensive":[169],"experiments":[170],"real-world":[173],"benchmark":[174],"demonstrate":[175],"advantages":[177],"our":[179],"HORLN":[180],"over":[181],"state-of-the-art":[182],"methods.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-07T13:39:58.223016","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}