{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4205228899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2021.3137349","title":"Secure and Latency-Aware Digital Twin Assisted Resource Scheduling for 5G Edge Computing-Empowered Distribution Grids","display_name":"Secure and Latency-Aware Digital Twin Assisted Resource Scheduling for 5G Edge Computing-Empowered Distribution Grids","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4205228899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2021.3137349"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2021.3137349","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2021.3137349","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039042766","display_name":"Zhenyu Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3344-4463"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenyu Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hebei Key Laboratory of Power Internet of Things Technology, School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3344-4463","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hebei Key Laboratory of Power Internet of Things Technology, School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009010160","display_name":"Zehan Jia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zehan Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hebei Key Laboratory of Power Internet of Things Technology, School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hebei Key Laboratory of Power Internet of Things Technology, School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068956515","display_name":"Haijun Liao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5936-9246"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haijun Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hebei Key Laboratory of Power Internet of Things Technology, School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5936-9246","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hebei Key Laboratory of Power Internet of Things Technology, School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045713533","display_name":"Wenbing Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenbing Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hebei Key Laboratory of Power Internet of Things Technology, School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hebei Key Laboratory of Power Internet of Things Technology, School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056209905","display_name":"Shahid Mumtaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6364-6149"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60858718","display_name":"University of Aveiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00nt41z93","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahid Mumtaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Telecomunicações, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6364-6149","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunicações, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471","https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057916222","display_name":"Mohsen Guizani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8972-8094"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113480","display_name":"Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/0258gkt32","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113480"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohsen Guizani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Machine learning Department, Mohamed Bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence (MBZUAI), Abu Dhabi, UAE"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8972-8094","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Machine learning Department, Mohamed Bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence (MBZUAI), Abu Dhabi, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113480"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037080121","display_name":"Muhammad Tariq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1296-2058"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201384688","display_name":"National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/003eyb898","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201384688"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Tariq","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1296-2058","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201384688"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.1952,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":164,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99051806,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"7","first_page":"4933","last_page":"4943"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13918","display_name":"Advanced Data and IoT Technologies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13918","display_name":"Advanced Data and IoT Technologies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.826860249042511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.6800981163978577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.588281512260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5281652808189392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5157599449157715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.4468975365161896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.36919426918029785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.209753155708313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15168890357017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.11006897687911987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09027454257011414}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.826860249042511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.6800981163978577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.588281512260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5281652808189392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5157599449157715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.4468975365161896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.36919426918029785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.209753155708313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15168890357017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.11006897687911987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09027454257011414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2021.3137349","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2021.3137349","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4072827541","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KJ21-1-56","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326707","funder_display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326707","display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/05twwhs70"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2030109435","https://openalex.org/W2126060647","https://openalex.org/W2126785948","https://openalex.org/W2137152139","https://openalex.org/W2899183567","https://openalex.org/W2920689385","https://openalex.org/W2972160586","https://openalex.org/W2998266342","https://openalex.org/W3009864640","https://openalex.org/W3035474257","https://openalex.org/W3038426846","https://openalex.org/W3039858782","https://openalex.org/W3044955947","https://openalex.org/W3048448986","https://openalex.org/W3049282540","https://openalex.org/W3058760796","https://openalex.org/W3080667742","https://openalex.org/W3083299299","https://openalex.org/W3084390073","https://openalex.org/W3090615085","https://openalex.org/W3102449016","https://openalex.org/W3118170459","https://openalex.org/W3126187582","https://openalex.org/W3129791130","https://openalex.org/W3136355494","https://openalex.org/W3168798228","https://openalex.org/W3183332004","https://openalex.org/W3184322752"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2049261842","https://openalex.org/W2983245704","https://openalex.org/W4386041267","https://openalex.org/W3186848359","https://openalex.org/W2898395619","https://openalex.org/W2545773065","https://openalex.org/W3034369087","https://openalex.org/W2567125577","https://openalex.org/W3210007660","https://openalex.org/W4238233472"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Digital":[0],"twin":[1,64],"(DT)":[2],"provides":[3],"accurate":[4],"guidance":[5],"for":[6],"multidimensional":[7],"resource":[8,38,66,96],"scheduling":[9,39,97],"in":[10,132],"5G":[11],"edge":[12],"computing-empowered":[13],"distribution":[14],"grids":[15],"by":[16,77,98],"establishing":[17],"a":[18,52,59],"digital":[19],"representation":[20],"of":[21,33,106,121],"the":[22,30,103,119],"physical":[23],"entities.":[24],"In":[25],"this":[26],"article,":[27],"we":[28],"address":[29],"critical":[31],"challenges":[32],"DT":[34,55,76,100,136],"construction":[35],"and":[36,47,57,61,74,84,87,113,141],"DT-assisted":[37],"such":[40],"as":[41],"low":[42],"accuracy,":[43],"large":[44],"iteration":[45,82,134],"delay,":[46,135],"security":[48],"threats.":[49],"We":[50],"propose":[51],"federated":[53],"learning-based":[54],"framework":[56],"present":[58],"Secure":[60],"lAtency-aware":[62],"dIgital":[63],"assisted":[65],"scheduliNg":[67],"algoriThm":[68],"(SAINT).":[69],"SAINT":[70,93,109,128],"achieves":[71],"low-latency,":[72],"accurate,":[73],"secure":[75],"jointly":[78],"optimizing":[79],"its":[80],"total":[81],"delay":[83],"loss":[85,137],"function,":[86,138],"leveraging":[88],"abnormal":[89],"model":[90],"recognition":[91],"(AMR).":[92],"enables":[94],"intelligent":[95],"using":[99],"to":[101,118],"improve":[102],"learning":[104],"performance":[105,131],"deep":[107],"Q-learning.":[108],"supports":[110],"access":[111,142],"priority":[112,143],"energy":[114,139],"consumption":[115],"awareness":[116],"due":[117],"consideration":[120],"long-term":[122],"constraints.":[123],"Compared":[124],"with":[125],"state-of-the-art":[126],"algorithms,":[127],"has":[129],"superior":[130],"cumulative":[133],"consumption,":[140],"deficit.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":58},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":49},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":20}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}