{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206403277","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2021.3133361","title":"A Self-Tuning Cyber-Attacks\u2019 Location Identification Approach for Critical Infrastructures","display_name":"A Self-Tuning Cyber-Attacks\u2019 Location Identification Approach for Critical Infrastructures","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206403277","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2021.3133361"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2021.3133361","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2021.3133361","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059919062","display_name":"Abdul Alabassi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79817857","display_name":"University of Guelph","ror":"https://ror.org/01r7awg59","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdul Alabassi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074265025","display_name":"Amir Namavar Jahromi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9709-5872"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79817857","display_name":"University of Guelph","ror":"https://ror.org/01r7awg59","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amir Namavar Jahromi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9709-5872","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102945288","display_name":"Hadis Karimipour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7948-4033"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168635309","display_name":"University of Calgary","ror":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hadis Karimipour","raw_affiliation_strings":["Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7948-4033","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038019914","display_name":"Ali Dehghantanha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9294-7554"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79817857","display_name":"University of Guelph","ror":"https://ror.org/01r7awg59","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Dehghantanha","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9294-7554","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035300094","display_name":"Pierluigi Siano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0975-0241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierluigi Siano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Science, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0975-0241","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Science, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061884304","display_name":"Henry Leung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5984-107X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168635309","display_name":"University of Calgary","ror":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henry Leung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5984-107X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5274,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92955951,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"7","first_page":"5018","last_page":"5027"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-infrastructure","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","score":0.7391676306724548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6803956031799316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scada","display_name":"SCADA","score":0.6710342764854431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-attack","display_name":"Cyber-attack","score":0.6645262241363525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6615379452705383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6000059247016907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.5876114964485168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.5681408643722534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4731779396533966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3330537676811218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.212284654378891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.09980744123458862}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29852176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373338","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","level":2,"score":0.7391676306724548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6803956031799316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113863187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17498","display_name":"SCADA","level":2,"score":0.6710342764854431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201307755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4071928","display_name":"Cyber-attack","level":2,"score":0.6645262241363525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6615379452705383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6000059247016907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5876114964485168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.5681408643722534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4731779396533966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3330537676811218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.212284654378891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.09980744123458862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2021.3133361","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2021.3133361","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W208605634","https://openalex.org/W1932847118","https://openalex.org/W1992705187","https://openalex.org/W1994480095","https://openalex.org/W1998327975","https://openalex.org/W1998726515","https://openalex.org/W2008455718","https://openalex.org/W2055253336","https://openalex.org/W2078229036","https://openalex.org/W2082823623","https://openalex.org/W2094855914","https://openalex.org/W2097023778","https://openalex.org/W2148142324","https://openalex.org/W2167710876","https://openalex.org/W2220711968","https://openalex.org/W2407786575","https://openalex.org/W2414009320","https://openalex.org/W2515440025","https://openalex.org/W2559975580","https://openalex.org/W2560385493","https://openalex.org/W2605725913","https://openalex.org/W2615509641","https://openalex.org/W2734827052","https://openalex.org/W2768947629","https://openalex.org/W2777222809","https://openalex.org/W2783038397","https://openalex.org/W2787079451","https://openalex.org/W2795895107","https://openalex.org/W2879766152","https://openalex.org/W2884273733","https://openalex.org/W2902529532","https://openalex.org/W2910314742","https://openalex.org/W2946893466","https://openalex.org/W2959428502","https://openalex.org/W2972226806","https://openalex.org/W2973780069","https://openalex.org/W2980552415","https://openalex.org/W2986458967","https://openalex.org/W2991150929","https://openalex.org/W3005848420","https://openalex.org/W3022218140","https://openalex.org/W3022318665","https://openalex.org/W3104455619","https://openalex.org/W3122675141","https://openalex.org/W3136449072","https://openalex.org/W3167934771","https://openalex.org/W6777082615","https://openalex.org/W6788905760"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2493430149","https://openalex.org/W4242728933","https://openalex.org/W2129035245","https://openalex.org/W3117571503","https://openalex.org/W2022023965","https://openalex.org/W2914048830","https://openalex.org/W2912641888","https://openalex.org/W4285210433","https://openalex.org/W2089917086","https://openalex.org/W3035677232"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,89],"integration":[1],"of":[2,9,20,50,112],"the":[3,7,55,83,93,97,101,110,113,116,133],"communications":[4],"network":[5],"and":[6,17,31,36,45,48,59,70,81,103,136,141],"Internet":[8],"Things":[10],"in":[11,108],"today\u2019s":[12],"critical":[13,25,56,75],"infrastructures":[14,76],"facilitates":[15],"intelligent":[16],"online":[18],"monitoring":[19],"these":[21],"systems.":[22,144],"However,":[23],"although":[24],"infrastructure\u2019s":[26,57],"digitalization":[27],"brings":[28],"tremendous":[29],"advantages":[30],"opportunities":[32],"for":[33,54,74],"remote":[34],"access":[35],"control,":[37],"it":[38],"significantly":[39],"increases":[40],"cyber-attack\u2019s":[41],"vulnerability.":[42],"Therefore,":[43],"efficient":[44],"proper":[46],"detection":[47,69],"localization":[49],"cyber-attack":[51,68,127],"are":[52],"paramount":[53],"reliable":[58],"secure":[60],"operation.":[61],"This":[62],"article":[63],"proposes":[64],"a":[65],"deep":[66],"learning-based":[67],"location":[71,111],"identification":[72],"system":[73,84],"by":[77],"constructing":[78],"new":[79,94],"representations":[80,95],"model":[82],"behavior":[85],"using":[86,129],"multilayer":[87],"autoencoders.":[88],"results":[90],"show":[91],"that":[92],"capture":[96],"physical":[98],"relationships":[99],"among":[100],"measurements":[102],"have":[104],"more":[105],"discriminant":[106],"power":[107],"distinguishing":[109],"attack.":[114],"Furthermore,":[115],"proposed":[117],"method":[118],"has":[119],"outperformed":[120],"conventional":[121],"machine":[122],"learning":[123],"models":[124],"under":[125],"various":[126],"scenarios":[128],"real-world":[130],"data":[131,142],"from":[132],"gas":[134],"pipeline":[135],"water":[137],"distribution":[138],"supervisory":[139],"control":[140],"acquisition":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}