{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3200951426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2021.3113875","title":"Cloud\u2013Edge Collaborative SFC Mapping for Industrial IoT Using Deep Reinforcement Learning","display_name":"Cloud\u2013Edge Collaborative SFC Mapping for Industrial IoT Using Deep Reinforcement Learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3200951426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2021.3113875","mag":"3200951426"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2021.3113875","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2021.3113875","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045072935","display_name":"Siya Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6124-0030"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siya Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6124-0030","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100742790","display_name":"Yimin Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yimin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047467022","display_name":"Shaoyong Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2033-8431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaoyong Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2033-8431","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079330391","display_name":"Chenghao Lei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenghao Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060042554","display_name":"Di Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4365-2768"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Di Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information and Communication Academy, State Grid Information and Telecommunication Group, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information and Communication Academy, State Grid Information and Telecommunication Group, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042944721","display_name":"Xuesong Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7899-539X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuesong Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7899-539X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.6818,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94918947,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"6","first_page":"4158","last_page":"4168"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13731","display_name":"Advanced Computing and Algorithms","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.7960208654403687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7436389923095703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5443304777145386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.5378317832946777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5321661233901978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.5203534960746765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.4666673541069031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.44006338715553284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.4353906214237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4221298098564148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3306187391281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.29149115085601807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.14422142505645752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.12766686081886292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.12691065669059753}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.7960208654403687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7436389923095703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5443304777145386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.5378317832946777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5321661233901978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.5203534960746765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.4666673541069031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.44006338715553284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.4353906214237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4221298098564148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3306187391281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.29149115085601807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.14422142505645752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.12766686081886292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.12691065669059753}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2021.3113875","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2021.3113875","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2537188595","https://openalex.org/W2547743680","https://openalex.org/W2566913480","https://openalex.org/W2585384041","https://openalex.org/W2611559752","https://openalex.org/W2618325792","https://openalex.org/W2626046334","https://openalex.org/W2773620467","https://openalex.org/W2804147884","https://openalex.org/W2808944558","https://openalex.org/W2811230880","https://openalex.org/W2878119793","https://openalex.org/W2891362044","https://openalex.org/W2911794478","https://openalex.org/W2922181395","https://openalex.org/W2940964041","https://openalex.org/W2949446367","https://openalex.org/W2969644839","https://openalex.org/W2978949425","https://openalex.org/W2979084672","https://openalex.org/W2980466635","https://openalex.org/W2986918619","https://openalex.org/W2987609676","https://openalex.org/W2991154860","https://openalex.org/W2996851691","https://openalex.org/W3011729943","https://openalex.org/W3013469985","https://openalex.org/W3033555278","https://openalex.org/W3089163661","https://openalex.org/W3094736543","https://openalex.org/W3100789280","https://openalex.org/W3101020344","https://openalex.org/W3111397073","https://openalex.org/W3111740206","https://openalex.org/W3124993169","https://openalex.org/W3129180259","https://openalex.org/W3134502172","https://openalex.org/W6733202131","https://openalex.org/W6738592186"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3152278044","https://openalex.org/W2015855483","https://openalex.org/W2942586735","https://openalex.org/W2534668683","https://openalex.org/W3211931762","https://openalex.org/W4225757241","https://openalex.org/W2046698369","https://openalex.org/W2329229441","https://openalex.org/W2963616097","https://openalex.org/W1688445866"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"industrial":[1],"Internet":[2],"of":[3,22,59,78,92],"Things":[4],"(IIoT)":[5],"and":[6,19,36,75,99,116,143,178],"5G":[7],"have":[8],"been":[9],"served":[10],"as":[11,95,97,168,170],"the":[12,17,52,57,66,70,90,112,121,136,139,147,161],"key":[13,82],"elements":[14],"to":[15,84,88,110],"support":[16],"reliable":[18],"efficient":[20,67],"operation":[21],"Industry":[23],"4.0.":[24],"By":[25],"integrating":[26],"burgeoning":[27],"network":[28,118],"function":[29,62],"virtualization":[30],"(NFV)":[31],"technology":[32],"with":[33],"cloud":[34],"computing":[35],"mobile":[37],"edge":[38],"computing,":[39],"an":[40],"NFV-enabled":[41],"cloud\u2013edge":[42,68],"collaborative":[43],"IIoT":[44,54,93,176,180],"architecture":[45],"can":[46,133],"efficiently":[47,134],"provide":[48],"flexible":[49],"service":[50,61,114],"for":[51,120,174],"massive":[53],"traffic":[55,177],"in":[56,159],"form":[58],"a":[60,103,124],"chain":[63],"(SFC).":[64],"However,":[65],"collaboration,":[69],"reasonable":[71],"comprehensive":[72],"resource":[73,101,162],"consumption,":[74,102,163],"different":[76],"quality":[77,91],"services":[79,173],"are":[80],"still":[81],"problems":[83],"be":[85],"solved.":[86],"Thus,":[87],"balance":[89],"services,":[94],"well":[96,169],"computational":[98],"communicational":[100],"multiobjective":[104],"SFC":[105,127,140,166],"deployment":[106,128,141],"model":[107],"is":[108,130],"designed":[109],"characterize":[111],"diverse":[113],"requirements":[115],"specific":[117],"environment":[119],"IIoT.":[122],"Then,":[123],"deep-$Q$-learning-based":[125],"online":[126],"algorithm":[129],"presented,":[131],"which":[132],"learn":[135],"relationship":[137],"between":[138],"scheme":[142],"its":[144],"performance":[145],"through":[146],"iterative":[148],"training.":[149],"Simulation":[150],"results":[151],"demonstrate":[152],"that":[153],"our":[154],"proposed":[155],"approach":[156],"outperforms":[157],"others":[158],"balancing":[160],"accepting":[164],"more":[165],"requests,":[167],"providing":[171],"differentiated":[172],"delay-sensitive":[175],"resource-intensive":[179],"traffic.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
