{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3195638672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2021.3105537","title":"Microcrack Defect Quantification Using a Focusing High-Order SH Guided Wave EMAT: The Physics-Informed Deep Neural Network GuwNet","display_name":"Microcrack Defect Quantification Using a Focusing High-Order SH Guided Wave EMAT: The Physics-Informed Deep Neural Network GuwNet","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3195638672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2021.3105537","mag":"3195638672"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2021.3105537","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2021.3105537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015027530","display_name":"Hongyu Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyu Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Power System, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0712-6389","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Power System, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017470096","display_name":"Lisha Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7315-2692"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lisha Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Power System, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7315-2692","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Power System, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091279241","display_name":"Junming Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junming Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eddysun (Xiamen) Electronic Company Ltd., Xiamen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eddysun (Xiamen) Electronic Company Ltd., Xiamen, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100377060","display_name":"Shen Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5140-648X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shen Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Power System, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5140-648X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Power System, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009949085","display_name":"Wei Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3679-6165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Power System, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3679-6165","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Power System, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100432868","display_name":"Songling Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4442-2566"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Songling Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Power System, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4442-2566","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Power System, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.0182,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":83,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98877716,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"5","first_page":"3235","last_page":"3247"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10534","display_name":"Structural Health Monitoring Techniques","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-acoustic-transducer","display_name":"Electromagnetic acoustic transducer","score":0.9631526470184326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasonic-sensor","display_name":"Ultrasonic sensor","score":0.7131240367889404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6972339749336243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guided-wave-testing","display_name":"Guided wave testing","score":0.6186690330505371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nondestructive-testing","display_name":"Nondestructive testing","score":0.5724363923072815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.5377746820449829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transducer","display_name":"Transducer","score":0.5129299163818359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4476550817489624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4121132791042328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.39131301641464233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3594214916229248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasonic-testing","display_name":"Ultrasonic testing","score":0.3560958504676819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3446263074874878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.16149476170539856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15787628293037415}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203681728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5358075","display_name":"Electromagnetic acoustic transducer","level":4,"score":0.9631526470184326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81288441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20736125","display_name":"Ultrasonic sensor","level":2,"score":0.7131240367889404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6972339749336243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74046356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5615502","display_name":"Guided wave testing","level":2,"score":0.6186690330505371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56529433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q626700","display_name":"Nondestructive testing","level":2,"score":0.5724363923072815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.5377746820449829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56318395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215928","display_name":"Transducer","level":2,"score":0.5129299163818359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4476550817489624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4121132791042328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.39131301641464233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3594214916229248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139730468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779355","display_name":"Ultrasonic testing","level":3,"score":0.3560958504676819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3446263074874878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16149476170539856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15787628293037415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2021.3105537","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2021.3105537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8899999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5345289355","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52007088","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8211610869","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52077110","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W793787064","https://openalex.org/W1876091999","https://openalex.org/W1971930549","https://openalex.org/W1976692507","https://openalex.org/W1997391797","https://openalex.org/W2029561457","https://openalex.org/W2100399727","https://openalex.org/W2108545958","https://openalex.org/W2335182503","https://openalex.org/W2474226637","https://openalex.org/W2556727301","https://openalex.org/W2607320174","https://openalex.org/W2766291668","https://openalex.org/W2770616847","https://openalex.org/W2889711293","https://openalex.org/W2889986833","https://openalex.org/W2916908229","https://openalex.org/W2918284944","https://openalex.org/W2922445782","https://openalex.org/W2938692364","https://openalex.org/W2975180125","https://openalex.org/W2990660750","https://openalex.org/W2996172986","https://openalex.org/W3000865062","https://openalex.org/W3024295828","https://openalex.org/W3083848109","https://openalex.org/W3089260582","https://openalex.org/W3095866651","https://openalex.org/W3118577511","https://openalex.org/W3135314582","https://openalex.org/W3168099128","https://openalex.org/W4302369407"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4393617417","https://openalex.org/W1741637136","https://openalex.org/W2368424224","https://openalex.org/W2767051368","https://openalex.org/W890166521","https://openalex.org/W125851157","https://openalex.org/W4230682123","https://openalex.org/W2511314724","https://openalex.org/W2133667417","https://openalex.org/W2537702166"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1,36,268],"challenging":[2],"to":[3,37,49,88,208,252],"apply":[4],"deep":[5,46,67,166],"learning":[6],"in":[7,16],"professional":[8],"fields":[9],"that":[10],"lack":[11],"big":[12],"data":[13],"support,":[14],"especially":[15],"industrial":[17],"structure":[18,180],"health":[19],"assessments":[20],"using":[21,169],"ultrasonic":[22,214],"guided":[23,82,105,215],"wave":[24,83,216],"nondestructive":[25],"testing":[26,217],"(NDT)":[27],"method.":[28],"To":[29],"solve":[30],"this":[31,173,190],"problem,":[32],"one":[33],"feasible":[34],"solution":[35],"introduce":[38],"the":[39,52,95,115,124,128,133,154,178,183,210,219,226,229,234,241,247,264],"concept":[40],"of":[41,111,118,127,136,148,157,204,213,228,246],"NDT":[42],"physics":[43],"into":[44,218],"a":[45,65,74,108,165],"neural":[47,68,167,220],"network":[48,168,179,221],"compensate":[50],"for":[51,161,200],"network's":[53],"poor":[54],"predictive":[55],"abilities":[56],"when":[57],"trained":[58],"on":[59,73,182,233],"small":[60],"datasets.":[61],"Therefore,":[62],"we":[63,152,224],"propose":[64,164],"physics-informed":[66],"network,":[69],"named":[70],"GuwNet,":[71],"based":[72,181,232],"unidirectional":[75],"oblique-focusing":[76],"(UOF)":[77],"high-frequency,":[78,103],"high-order":[79,104],"shear":[80],"horizontal":[81],"electromagnetic":[84],"acoustic":[85],"transducer":[86],"(EMAT)":[87],"quantify":[89],"microcrack":[90,149,158],"defects":[91,159],"more":[92,271],"accurately.":[93],"First,":[94],"designed":[96],"focused-transmission":[97],"omnidirectional-reception":[98],"UOF-EMAT":[99],"can":[100,120],"produce":[101],"pure":[102],"waves.":[106],"Through":[107],"circumferential":[109],"arrangement":[110],"multiple":[112],"receiving":[113],"transducers,":[114],"maximum":[116],"amount":[117],"information":[119],"be":[121],"obtained":[122,188],"regarding":[123,172],"reflected":[125],"waves":[126],"defect.":[129],"This":[130],"method":[131],"solves":[132],"inherent":[134],"problems":[135],"an":[137],"EMAT":[138],"(i.e.,":[139],"low":[140],"energy":[141],"conversion":[142],"efficiency)":[143],"and":[144,163,186,195,244,260,263],"achieves":[145],"effective":[146],"detection":[147],"defects.":[150],"Second,":[151],"study":[153],"quantification":[155,248,266],"principle":[156],"suitable":[160,199],"UOF-EMAT,":[162],"physical":[170,211],"knowledge":[171],"theory.":[174],"We":[175],"rationally":[176],"design":[177],"quantitative":[184],"principles":[185],"logic":[187],"from":[189],"article.":[191],"In":[192],"addition,":[193],"feedback":[194],"feedforward":[196],"loss":[197],"functions":[198],"evaluating":[201],"different":[202],"forms":[203],"variables":[205],"are":[206,250],"proposed":[207,230],"integrate":[209],"concepts":[212],"training.":[222],"Finally,":[223],"verify":[225],"performance":[227],"GuwNet":[231],"UOF-EMAT.":[235],"Compared":[236],"with":[237],"traditional":[238],"nonphysics-informed":[239],"methods,":[240],"length,":[242],"depth,":[243],"direction":[245],"errors":[249],"reduced":[251,269],"0.127":[253],"mm,":[254],"0.279%":[255],"<italic":[256],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[257],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">d<sub>t</sub></i>":[258],",":[259],"1.843\u00b0,":[261],"respectively,":[262],"average":[265],"error":[267],"by":[270],"than":[272],"80%.":[273]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-06-12T08:23:45.883708","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}