{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3160454793","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2021.3081417","title":"Early Classification of Industrial Alarm Floods Based on Semisupervised Learning","display_name":"Early Classification of Industrial Alarm Floods Based on Semisupervised Learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3160454793","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2021.3081417","mag":"3160454793"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2021.3081417","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2021.3081417","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001168340","display_name":"Haniyeh Seyed Alinezhad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1702-6931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haniyeh Seyed Alinezhad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada","[Electrical and Computer engineering, University of Alberta, 3158 Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2R3 (e-mail: Haniyeh@ualberta.ca)]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1702-6931","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Electrical and Computer engineering, University of Alberta, 3158 Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2R3 (e-mail: Haniyeh@ualberta.ca)]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080674902","display_name":"Jun Shang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0624-3655"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Shang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada","[University of Alberta, 3158 Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2R3 (e-mail: jshang2@ualberta.ca)]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0624-3655","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[University of Alberta, 3158 Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2R3 (e-mail: jshang2@ualberta.ca)]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037989105","display_name":"Tongwen Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1699-7947"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tongwen Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada","[University of Alberta, 3158 Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 1H9 (e-mail: tchen@ualberta.ca)]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1699-7947","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[University of Alberta, 3158 Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 1H9 (e-mail: tchen@ualberta.ca)]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3054,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94664107,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"3","first_page":"1845","last_page":"1853"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11443","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Process Monitoring","score":0.9753999710083008,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7221282124519348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6946654319763184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alarm","display_name":"ALARM","score":0.6702980995178223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6392738819122314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6159158945083618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5666675567626953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5466171503067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5344945788383484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant-false-alarm-rate","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","score":0.48389706015586853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.4525323808193207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flood-myth","display_name":"Flood myth","score":0.4290933907032013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.42515626549720764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3443937301635742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1409752368927002}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7221282124519348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6946654319763184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779119184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294350","display_name":"ALARM","level":2,"score":0.6702980995178223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6392738819122314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6159158945083618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5666675567626953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5466171503067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5344945788383484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77052588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644307","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","level":2,"score":0.48389706015586853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4525323808193207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74256435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134052","display_name":"Flood myth","level":2,"score":0.4290933907032013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.42515626549720764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3443937301635742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1409752368927002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2021.3081417","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2021.3081417","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6600000262260437,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W604015344","https://openalex.org/W617862632","https://openalex.org/W621660085","https://openalex.org/W1985059878","https://openalex.org/W2070847340","https://openalex.org/W2072240081","https://openalex.org/W2087870291","https://openalex.org/W2102160203","https://openalex.org/W2143288231","https://openalex.org/W2328630450","https://openalex.org/W2529960481","https://openalex.org/W2623384469","https://openalex.org/W2762740097","https://openalex.org/W2789652994","https://openalex.org/W2887006152","https://openalex.org/W2888382469","https://openalex.org/W2905453038","https://openalex.org/W2914257010","https://openalex.org/W2945100720","https://openalex.org/W2947099209","https://openalex.org/W2985533496","https://openalex.org/W3008166330","https://openalex.org/W4231665431","https://openalex.org/W4318260429"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378211422","https://openalex.org/W2731305060","https://openalex.org/W4321353415","https://openalex.org/W2745001401","https://openalex.org/W2130974462","https://openalex.org/W2372003537","https://openalex.org/W2028665553","https://openalex.org/W2086519370","https://openalex.org/W2732807254","https://openalex.org/W4246352526"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Early":[0],"classification":[1,53,146],"of":[2,37,67,72,116,147,171,176,187],"ongoing":[3],"alarm":[4,39,86,90,119,148],"floods":[5,120,149],"in":[6,169],"industrial":[7,202],"monitoring":[8],"systems":[9],"is":[10,47,82,121,140,167,191],"crucial":[11],"to":[12,28,49,84,123,142],"provide":[13,21,143],"a":[14,44,74,200],"safe":[15],"and":[16,64,160,199],"efficient":[17,137,181],"operation.":[18],"It":[19,154],"can":[20,100],"online":[22,104,161],"decision":[23],"support":[24],"for":[25,34,93,128],"plant":[26],"operators":[27],"take":[29,65],"timely":[30],"action,":[31],"without":[32],"waiting":[33],"the":[35,51,68,113,125,132,164,173,188,194],"end":[36],"an":[38,136,144,180],"flood.":[40],"In":[41],"this":[42],"article,":[43],"data-driven":[45],"approach":[46,139],"proposed":[48,141,189],"address":[50],"early":[52,145],"problem":[54],"with":[55,105],"unlabeled":[56,117,151],"historical":[57,118,152],"data.":[58,153],"To":[59],"prioritize":[60],"earlier":[61],"activated":[62],"alarms":[63],"advantage":[66],"triggering":[69],"time":[70,114],"information":[71,115],"alarms,":[73],"vector":[75],"representation":[76],"called":[77],"exponentially":[78],"attenuated":[79],"component":[80],"(EAC)":[81],"used":[83],"represent":[85],"floods.":[87],"This":[88],"makes":[89],"sequences":[91],"fit":[92],"different":[94],"powerful":[95],"machine":[96],"learning":[97],"algorithms,":[98],"which":[99],"be":[101],"easily":[102],"implemented":[103],"acceptable":[106],"computational":[107],"complexities.":[108],"A":[109],"method":[110,190],"based":[111],"on":[112],"formulated":[122],"determine":[124],"attenuation":[126],"coefficient":[127],"EAC":[129],"representation.":[130],"With":[131],"Gaussian":[133],"mixture":[134],"model,":[135],"semisupervised":[138],"using":[150],"includes":[155],"two":[156],"phases:":[157],"offline":[158],"clustering":[159,165],"classification,":[162],"where":[163],"step":[166],"automated":[168],"terms":[170],"choosing":[172],"optimal":[174],"number":[175],"clusters":[177],"by":[178,193],"applying":[179],"cluster":[182],"validity":[183],"index.":[184],"The":[185],"efficiency":[186],"validated":[192],"Tennessee":[195],"Eastman":[196],"process":[197],"benchmark":[198],"real":[201],"dataset.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
