{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3098785845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2020.3037869","title":"A Novel $k$-Means Clustering and Weighted $k$-NN-Regression-Based Fast Transmission Line Protection","display_name":"A Novel $k$-Means Clustering and Weighted $k$-NN-Regression-Based Fast Transmission Line Protection","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3098785845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2020.3037869","mag":"3098785845"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2020.3037869","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2020.3037869","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083702174","display_name":"Amit Kumar Gangwar","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amit Kumar Gangwar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Government Engineering College, Jhalawar, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-3642","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Government Engineering College, Jhalawar, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078150831","display_name":"Om Prakash Mahela","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5995-6806"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Om Prakash Mahela","raw_affiliation_strings":["Power System Planning Division, RVPN Ltd., Jaipur, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5995-6806","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Power System Planning Division, RVPN Ltd., Jaipur, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011585322","display_name":"Bhuvnesh Rathore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9132-6350"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bhuvnesh Rathore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, MBM Engineering College, Jodhpur, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9132-6350","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, MBM Engineering College, Jodhpur, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010839506","display_name":"B. Zorina Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5082-8311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193649603","display_name":"Hawassa University","ror":"https://ror.org/04r15fz20","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193649603"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baseem Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Hawassa University, Awassa, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5082-8311","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Hawassa University, Awassa, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193649603"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078010800","display_name":"Hassan Haes Alhelou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108907416","display_name":"Latakia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04nqts970","country_code":"SY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108907416"]}],"countries":["SY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hassan Haes Alhelou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7427-2848","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108907416"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035300094","display_name":"Pierluigi Siano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0975-0241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierluigi Siano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management and Innovation Systems, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0975-0241","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management and Innovation Systems, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083702174"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1244,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91832504,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"9","first_page":"6034","last_page":"6043"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10972","display_name":"Power Systems Fault Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10972","display_name":"Power Systems Fault Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11941","display_name":"Power System Reliability and Maintenance","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centroid","display_name":"Centroid","score":0.7484425902366638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.7292547225952148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6609393954277039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5473400354385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.5097029209136963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outlier","display_name":"Outlier","score":0.45971229672431946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission-line","display_name":"Transmission line","score":0.42709988355636597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.42506957054138184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4154374599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4115597903728485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3815334439277649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.38055166602134705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.23437467217445374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07531470060348511}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146599234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q511093","display_name":"Centroid","level":2,"score":0.7484425902366638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7292547225952148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6609393954277039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5473400354385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5097029209136963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79337645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779824","display_name":"Outlier","level":2,"score":0.45971229672431946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33441834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q693004","display_name":"Transmission line","level":2,"score":0.42709988355636597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.42506957054138184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4154374599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4115597903728485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3815334439277649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.38055166602134705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23437467217445374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07531470060348511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2020.3037869","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2020.3037869","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1197176562","https://openalex.org/W1986311246","https://openalex.org/W1989095026","https://openalex.org/W2004102303","https://openalex.org/W2015212455","https://openalex.org/W2021714088","https://openalex.org/W2030774315","https://openalex.org/W2053398326","https://openalex.org/W2058307714","https://openalex.org/W2059483872","https://openalex.org/W2077681482","https://openalex.org/W2082201849","https://openalex.org/W2096612305","https://openalex.org/W2136023023","https://openalex.org/W2148919326","https://openalex.org/W2339065801","https://openalex.org/W2547790554","https://openalex.org/W2605083694","https://openalex.org/W2606972666","https://openalex.org/W2607036003","https://openalex.org/W2747673131","https://openalex.org/W2771529751","https://openalex.org/W2784952821","https://openalex.org/W2806604250","https://openalex.org/W2808370605","https://openalex.org/W2920938851","https://openalex.org/W2922319584","https://openalex.org/W2984096742","https://openalex.org/W3005105578","https://openalex.org/W3006986458","https://openalex.org/W3009887213","https://openalex.org/W3035647376"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2381926679","https://openalex.org/W2611300636","https://openalex.org/W2082644203","https://openalex.org/W3165040664","https://openalex.org/W2007009951","https://openalex.org/W2350539780","https://openalex.org/W2002351209","https://openalex.org/W3122652148","https://openalex.org/W1583866266","https://openalex.org/W2352125985"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,31],"k-means":[4,61],"clustering":[5,62],"and":[6,28,93,121,160],"weighted":[7,136],"k-nearest":[8],"neighbor":[9],"(k-NN)":[10],"regression-based":[11],"algorithm":[12,151,177],"for":[13,152],"the":[14,24,45,51,56,82,91,96,104,110,123,130,135,147,150,172,175,179],"protection":[15],"of":[16,22,34,47,58,74,85,102,125,129,149,165,174],"transmission":[17,59],"line.":[18,60],"Three-phase":[19],"current":[20,48],"signals":[21],"both":[23,55,90,103],"terminals":[25,57,92,105],"are":[26,143],"synchronized":[27],"sampled":[29],"with":[30],"sampling":[32],"frequency":[33],"3.84":[35],"kHz.":[36],"Cumulative":[37],"differential":[38],"sum":[39],"(CDS)":[40],"is":[41,63,87,106,117,132,167],"computed":[42,88,114],"by":[43,95,134],"subtracting":[44],"samples":[46],"cycle":[49,53],"from":[50],"previous":[52],"at":[54,89],"applied":[64],"on":[65],"CDS":[66],"to":[67,77,108,119,145,170],"compute":[68,109],"two":[69],"centroids":[70,86],"using":[71],"moving":[72],"window":[73],"width,":[75],"equal":[76],"one":[78],"cycle.":[79],"Difference":[80],"between":[81],"absolute":[83],"values":[84],"represented":[94],"centroid":[97],"difference":[98],"(CD).":[99],"The":[100,113,127,163],"CD":[101],"added":[107],"fault":[111,115,131,154,158,161],"index.":[112],"index":[116],"used":[118],"detect":[120],"classify":[122],"types":[124],"faults.":[126],"location":[128],"estimated":[133],"k-NN":[137],"regression":[138],"method.":[139],"Various":[140],"case":[141],"studies":[142],"performed":[144],"validate":[146],"robustness":[148],"different":[153],"parameters":[155],"such":[156],"as":[157],"impedance":[159],"location.":[162],"effect":[164],"noise":[166],"also":[168],"considered":[169],"check":[171],"accuracy":[173],"proposed":[176],"in":[178],"noisy":[180],"environment.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}