{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3091952034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2020.3029900","title":"Data-Driven Incipient Fault Detection via Canonical Variate Dissimilarity and Mixed Kernel Principal Component Analysis","display_name":"Data-Driven Incipient Fault Detection via Canonical Variate Dissimilarity and Mixed Kernel Principal Component Analysis","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3091952034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2020.3029900","mag":"3091952034"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2020.3029900","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2020.3029900","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031316012","display_name":"Ping Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2729-9669"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1328775524","display_name":"Zhejiang Sci-Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/03893we55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1328775524"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Zhejiang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2729-9669","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Zhejiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1328775524"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063861053","display_name":"Riccardo Ferrari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3615-5445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Riccardo M. G. Ferrari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft Center for Systems and Control, Faculty of Mechanical, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3615-5445","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft Center for Systems and Control, Faculty of Mechanical, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043363677","display_name":"Yichao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4175-7638"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yichao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft Center for Systems and Control, Faculty of Mechanical, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4175-7638","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft Center for Systems and Control, Faculty of Mechanical, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008521613","display_name":"Jan\u2010Willem van Wingerden","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-7442"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan-Willem van Wingerden","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft Center for Systems and Control, Faculty of Mechanical, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-7442","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft Center for Systems and Control, Faculty of Mechanical, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.362,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":71,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96246729,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"8","first_page":"5380","last_page":"5390"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10640","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12282","display_name":"Mineral Processing and Grinding","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.8247065544128418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-detection-and-isolation","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","score":0.7839851379394531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel-principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Kernel principal component analysis","score":0.7337282299995422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.6386393904685974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.6243062615394592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canonical-correlation","display_name":"Canonical correlation","score":0.59457927942276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-variate","display_name":"Random variate","score":0.48261842131614685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.476280152797699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4648662209510803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.4355563819408417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41511255502700806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-model","display_name":"Linear model","score":0.41198205947875977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel-density-estimation","display_name":"Kernel density estimation","score":0.41060465574264526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3965514302253723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3485104441642761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel-method","display_name":"Kernel method","score":0.3225870430469513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.3015315532684326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.23293137550354004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-variable","display_name":"Random variable","score":0.16499927639961243}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.8247065544128418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.7839851379394531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182335926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17093020","display_name":"Kernel principal component analysis","level":4,"score":0.7337282299995422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.6386393904685974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.6243062615394592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153874254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q115542","display_name":"Canonical correlation","level":2,"score":0.59457927942276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141547133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7291996","display_name":"Random variate","level":3,"score":0.48261842131614685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.476280152797699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4648662209510803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.4355563819408417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41511255502700806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163175372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3339222","display_name":"Linear model","level":2,"score":0.41198205947875977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71134354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458825","display_name":"Kernel density estimation","level":3,"score":0.41060465574264526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3965514302253723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3485104441642761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122280245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620622","display_name":"Kernel method","level":3,"score":0.3225870430469513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3015315532684326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.23293137550354004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122123141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176623","display_name":"Random variable","level":2,"score":0.16499927639961243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2020.3029900","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2020.3029900","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:d638a876-5b66-45c1-8d48-c070142c22be","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d638a876-5b66-45c1-8d48-c070142c22be","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400906","display_name":"Research Repository (Delft University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","host_organization_name":"Delft University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3343467897","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61703371","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W71895890","https://openalex.org/W1560724230","https://openalex.org/W1597576211","https://openalex.org/W1845002809","https://openalex.org/W1965773858","https://openalex.org/W1966863755","https://openalex.org/W1984893151","https://openalex.org/W1990067914","https://openalex.org/W1994505190","https://openalex.org/W2014540013","https://openalex.org/W2018466646","https://openalex.org/W2038180527","https://openalex.org/W2044610659","https://openalex.org/W2052184082","https://openalex.org/W2060649099","https://openalex.org/W2068902141","https://openalex.org/W2098815387","https://openalex.org/W2100028154","https://openalex.org/W2117014758","https://openalex.org/W2132915908","https://openalex.org/W2140095548","https://openalex.org/W2143697476","https://openalex.org/W2154498987","https://openalex.org/W2158958729","https://openalex.org/W2161033177","https://openalex.org/W2191513493","https://openalex.org/W2201427885","https://openalex.org/W2217088832","https://openalex.org/W2342078803","https://openalex.org/W2344745309","https://openalex.org/W2418363708","https://openalex.org/W2442657908","https://openalex.org/W2494112937","https://openalex.org/W2500141119","https://openalex.org/W2563202971","https://openalex.org/W2593600534","https://openalex.org/W2595481439","https://openalex.org/W2599795618","https://openalex.org/W2608273225","https://openalex.org/W2678047622","https://openalex.org/W2756396991","https://openalex.org/W2766394842","https://openalex.org/W2769520994","https://openalex.org/W2777815485","https://openalex.org/W2789291964","https://openalex.org/W2789634333","https://openalex.org/W2804922673","https://openalex.org/W2888588474","https://openalex.org/W2906077204","https://openalex.org/W2910119232","https://openalex.org/W2916081753","https://openalex.org/W2932172387","https://openalex.org/W2941089296","https://openalex.org/W2955033741","https://openalex.org/W2995560269","https://openalex.org/W4235457221","https://openalex.org/W4236016061"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967066850","https://openalex.org/W1815150721","https://openalex.org/W1977669265","https://openalex.org/W1984421104","https://openalex.org/W2512565647","https://openalex.org/W2442657908","https://openalex.org/W2001772920","https://openalex.org/W2393746448","https://openalex.org/W2905418897","https://openalex.org/W2893104835"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Incipient":[0],"fault":[1,30,55],"detection":[2,31,56,147],"plays":[3],"a":[4,45,76,200],"crucial":[5],"role":[6],"in":[7,16,117],"preventing":[8],"the":[9,90,95,104,108,118,124,129,132,164,178,184,190],"occurrence":[10],"of":[11,183],"serious":[12],"faults":[13],"or":[14],"failures":[15],"industrial":[17,21],"processes.":[18],"In":[19,42],"most":[20],"processes,":[22],"linear,":[23],"and":[24,35,68,167],"nonlinear":[25,36,130,133,139,168],"relationships":[26],"coexist.":[27],"To":[28,127],"improve":[29],"performance,":[32],"both":[33],"linear":[34,166],"features":[37,100,140],"should":[38],"be":[39],"considered":[40],"simultaneously.":[41],"this":[43],"article,":[44],"novel":[46],"hybrid":[47],"linear-nonlinear":[48],"statistical":[49],"modeling":[50],"approach":[51],"for":[52],"data-driven":[53],"incipient":[54],"is":[57,85,121,174,187],"proposed":[58,185],"by":[59,189],"closely":[60],"integrating":[61],"recently":[62],"developed":[63],"canonical":[64,81,91,109],"variate":[65,82,110],"dissimilarity":[66,111],"analysis":[67,73,83],"mixed":[69],"kernel":[70,171],"principal":[71,134],"component":[72],"(MKPCA)":[74],"using":[75,123],"serial":[77],"model":[78,115],"structure.":[79],"Specifically,":[80],"(CVA)":[84],"first":[86],"applied":[87],"to":[88,176],"estimate":[89],"variables":[92],"(CVs)":[93],"from":[94,103,163],"collected":[96],"process":[97],"data.":[98],"Linear":[99],"are":[101,136,149],"extracted":[102,137,165],"estimated":[105,125],"CVs.":[106,126],"Then,":[107],"(CVD)":[112],"which":[113],"quantifies":[114],"residuals":[116],"CVA":[119],"state-subspace":[120],"calculated":[122],"explore":[128],"features,":[131],"components":[135],"as":[138,158,160],"through":[141],"performing":[142],"MKPCA":[143],"on":[144,152,199],"CVD.":[145],"Fault":[146],"indices":[148],"formed":[150],"based":[151,198],"Hotelling's":[153],"T":[154],"<sup":[155],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[156],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[157],"well":[159],"Q":[161],"statistics":[162],"features.":[169],"Moreover,":[170],"density":[172],"estimation":[173],"utilized":[175],"determine":[177],"control":[179],"limits.":[180],"The":[181],"effectiveness":[182],"method":[186],"demonstrated":[188],"comparisons":[191],"with":[192],"other":[193],"relevant":[194],"methods":[195],"via":[196],"simulations":[197],"closed-loop":[201],"continuous":[202],"stirred-tank":[203],"reactor":[204],"process.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-06-16T09:24:06.705377","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}