{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3041251140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2020.3007657","title":"Compensation for Power Loss by a Proof-of-Stake Consortium Blockchain Microgrid","display_name":"Compensation for Power Loss by a Proof-of-Stake Consortium Blockchain Microgrid","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3041251140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2020.3007657","mag":"3041251140"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2020.3007657","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2020.3007657","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037380501","display_name":"Jiawei Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0381-8265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiawei Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0381-8265","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054470042","display_name":"Amrit Paudel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3659-7078"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amrit Paudel","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3659-7078","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035518578","display_name":"Hoay Beng Gooi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5983-2181"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hoay Beng Gooi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5983-2181","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.9317,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":85,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96979448,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"5","first_page":"3253","last_page":"3262"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.920046329498291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microgrid","display_name":"Microgrid","score":0.819573163986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compensation","display_name":"Compensation (psychology)","score":0.6265230178833008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proof-of-concept","display_name":"Proof of concept","score":0.5208445191383362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4959731996059418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4802963435649872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/burden-of-proof","display_name":"Burden of proof","score":0.44991397857666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2410764992237091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.237257719039917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23177415132522583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.13420090079307556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.100868821144104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.920046329498291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776784348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5762595","display_name":"Microgrid","level":3,"score":0.819573163986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780023022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1338171","display_name":"Compensation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6265230178833008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124978682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1201019","display_name":"Proof of concept","level":2,"score":0.5208445191383362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4959731996059418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4802963435649872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777431735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1535975","display_name":"Burden of proof","level":2,"score":0.44991397857666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2410764992237091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.237257719039917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23177415132522583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.13420090079307556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.100868821144104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2020.3007657","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2020.3007657","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2566020012","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"A1990b0060","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320696","funder_display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320696","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1581121707","https://openalex.org/W2059875792","https://openalex.org/W2095900477","https://openalex.org/W2148043320","https://openalex.org/W2569201729","https://openalex.org/W2619984247","https://openalex.org/W2768509068","https://openalex.org/W2777447168","https://openalex.org/W2783860967","https://openalex.org/W2795933272","https://openalex.org/W2801769952","https://openalex.org/W2856171837","https://openalex.org/W2887000081","https://openalex.org/W2899124919","https://openalex.org/W2906754050","https://openalex.org/W2907175270","https://openalex.org/W2909202584","https://openalex.org/W2915701748","https://openalex.org/W2935567005","https://openalex.org/W2948490909","https://openalex.org/W2955886508","https://openalex.org/W2979269888","https://openalex.org/W3004097756","https://openalex.org/W3004176060","https://openalex.org/W3104284553","https://openalex.org/W4211068006","https://openalex.org/W4248175462","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6634793266","https://openalex.org/W6746873430"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2354521390","https://openalex.org/W2349405618","https://openalex.org/W2393453016","https://openalex.org/W3122865845","https://openalex.org/W4401265554","https://openalex.org/W1981603292","https://openalex.org/W2379326187","https://openalex.org/W2375627470","https://openalex.org/W2363250316","https://openalex.org/W4229745819"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Distributed":[0,19],"generation":[1],"in":[2,50,61,107,139],"the":[3,11,36,51,104,117,123,140,147,151,161,164,171,176],"microgrid":[4],"becomes":[5],"increasingly":[6],"significant,":[7],"as":[8,32,44,120,122],"it":[9],"eliminates":[10],"power":[12,105],"losses":[13,106],"from":[14],"long-distance":[15],"electricity":[16],"transmission":[17],"lines.":[18],"energy":[20,29,39,91,111],"resources":[21],"owners":[22],"who":[23],"can":[24],"both":[25],"produce":[26],"and":[27,59,173],"consume":[28],"are":[30,71,100,127],"defined":[31],"prosumers.":[33],"To":[34],"encourage":[35],"peer-to-peer":[37],"(P2P)":[38],"trading":[40,86],"between":[41],"prosumers,":[42],"blockchain":[43,85,118,166],"a":[45,83,94,131,154],"thriving":[46],"technology":[47],"is":[48,137,144,157],"utilized":[49],"P2P":[52,90,141],"network":[53],"due":[54],"to":[55,65,88,159],"its":[56,66],"transparency,":[57],"security,":[58],"rapidity":[60],"executing":[62],"transactions.":[63,112],"Due":[64],"decentralized":[67],"quality,":[68],"any":[69],"intermediaries":[70],"eliminated":[72],"so":[73],"that":[74],"transactions":[75],"happen":[76],"directly":[77],"among":[78],"traders.":[79],"This":[80],"article":[81],"introduces":[82],"consortium":[84],"model":[87],"support":[89],"trading,":[92],"using":[93],"proof-of-stake":[95],"protocol.":[96],"The":[97,113],"pre-selected":[98],"miners":[99],"responsible":[101],"for":[102],"compensating":[103],"distribution":[108],"lines":[109],"by":[110,146],"specific":[114],"process":[115],"of":[116,133,150,163,175],"establishment,":[119],"well":[121],"smart":[124],"contract":[125],"creation,":[126],"demonstrated.":[128],"In":[129],"addition,":[130],"type":[132],"crypto-currency":[134],"named":[135],"\u201celecoin\u201d":[136],"created":[138],"market,":[142],"which":[143],"published":[145],"mining":[148],"mechanism":[149],"blockchain.":[152],"Finally,":[153],"case":[155],"study":[156],"introduced":[158],"realise":[160],"functions":[162],"proposed":[165,177],"model.":[167],"Simulation":[168],"results":[169],"show":[170],"feasibility":[172],"effectiveness":[174],"approach.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}