{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2971235341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2019.2937331","title":"Distributed Clock Synchronization Based on Intelligent Clustering in Local Area Industrial IoT Systems","display_name":"Distributed Clock Synchronization Based on Intelligent Clustering in Local Area Industrial IoT Systems","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2971235341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2019.2937331","mag":"2971235341"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2019.2937331","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2019.2937331","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005905488","display_name":"Pengyi Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1100-2293"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pengyi Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western University, London, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western University, London, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100733413","display_name":"Xianbin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4890-0748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianbin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western University, London, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western University, London, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100412656","display_name":"Kan Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8531-6762"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kan Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005905488"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7136,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93914883,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"6","first_page":"3697","last_page":"3707"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9628000259399414,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12203","display_name":"Mobile Agent-Based Network Management","score":0.9541000127792358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8065120577812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-synchronization","display_name":"Clock synchronization","score":0.7935303449630737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.6792248487472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.6369869112968445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-synchronization","display_name":"Data synchronization","score":0.6204313635826111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5874747037887573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5568907856941223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/timestamp","display_name":"Timestamp","score":0.5279780030250549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5174368023872375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.5109214186668396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.5007069110870361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.434712290763855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4331919252872467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.11829113960266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11349567770957947}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8065120577812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129891060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513059","display_name":"Clock synchronization","level":4,"score":0.7935303449630737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.6792248487472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.6369869112968445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108734733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172333","display_name":"Data synchronization","level":3,"score":0.6204313635826111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5874747037887573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5568907856941223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113954288","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186885","display_name":"Timestamp","level":2,"score":0.5279780030250549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5174368023872375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.5109214186668396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5007069110870361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.434712290763855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4331919252872467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.11829113960266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11349567770957947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2019.2937331","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2019.2937331","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.5600000023841858}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4069089222","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"I2IPJ538563-10","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W139908555","https://openalex.org/W1966907089","https://openalex.org/W2015035047","https://openalex.org/W2104599106","https://openalex.org/W2186854858","https://openalex.org/W2469195734","https://openalex.org/W2513211841","https://openalex.org/W2530806083","https://openalex.org/W2550546607","https://openalex.org/W2561460202","https://openalex.org/W2576685407","https://openalex.org/W2599557761","https://openalex.org/W2624698494","https://openalex.org/W2742006131","https://openalex.org/W2765131619","https://openalex.org/W2787230599","https://openalex.org/W2789675190","https://openalex.org/W2791282349","https://openalex.org/W2808683872","https://openalex.org/W2888020099","https://openalex.org/W6605715689"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2027357437","https://openalex.org/W4312714696","https://openalex.org/W2128676528","https://openalex.org/W2014622309","https://openalex.org/W2123134332","https://openalex.org/W2070290693","https://openalex.org/W2376241016","https://openalex.org/W2936090873","https://openalex.org/W2187730212","https://openalex.org/W2369487957"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"clock":[1,58,91,106,115],"synchronization":[2,59,92,134,152,186,191],"in":[3,20,33,188],"the":[4,8,27,181],"industr-ial-Internet-of-Things":[5],"systems":[6],"forms":[7],"cornerstone":[9],"of":[10,30,111,113,161,190],"distributed":[11,90],"interaction":[12],"and":[13,18,48,61,81,104,118,150,164,193],"coordination":[14],"among":[15],"various":[16,133],"infrastructures":[17],"machines":[19],"an":[21,96],"industrial":[22,34],"environment.":[23],"However,":[24],"due":[25],"to":[26,38,55,73,100,130,171],"widespread":[28],"use":[29],"wireless":[31,39],"networks":[32,40],"applications,":[35],"constraints":[36],"inherent":[37],"including":[41],"uncertain":[42],"propagation":[43],"delays,":[44],"random":[45],"packets":[46],"losses,":[47],"unguaranteed":[49],"communication":[50,147],"resources":[51],"are":[52,71,136],"unavoidable,":[53],"leading":[54],"dramatically":[56],"increased":[57],"error":[60],"unreliable":[62,79],"or":[63],"even":[64],"outdated":[65],"information.":[66],"Meanwhile,":[67,154],"time":[68],"information":[69],"transmissions":[70],"vulnerable":[72],"suffer":[74],"from":[75],"malicious":[76,126,174],"attacks,":[77],"causing":[78],"timestamps":[80],"insecure":[82],"synchronization.":[83,107],"In":[84],"this":[85],"article,":[86],"we":[87],"proposed":[88,182],"a":[89,155],"protocol":[93,183],"based":[94],"on":[95],"intelligent":[97],"clustering":[98],"algorithm":[99,159],"achieve":[101],"accurate,":[102],"secure,":[103],"packet-efficient":[105],"The":[108,176],"varying":[109],"rate":[110],"skew":[112],"every":[114],"is":[116,169],"collected":[117],"utilized":[119],"for":[120],"cluster":[121],"formation":[122],"as":[123,125],"well":[124],"node":[127,195],"detection.":[128,196],"According":[129],"established":[131],"clusters,":[132],"frequencies":[135],"assigned,":[137],"which":[138],"can":[139],"avoid":[140],"excessive":[141],"network":[142],"access":[143],"contention,":[144],"reduce":[145],"overall":[146],"resource":[148],"consumption,":[149],"improve":[151],"accuracy.":[153],"two-tier":[156],"fault":[157],"detection":[158,163],"consists":[160],"outlier":[162],"second-order":[165],"regressive":[166],"model":[167],"prediction":[168],"applied":[170],"determine":[172],"potential":[173],"nodes.":[175],"simulation":[177],"results":[178],"demonstrate":[179],"that":[180],"overwhelms":[184],"simultaneous":[185],"protocols":[187],"terms":[189],"performance":[192],"faulty":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}