{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2876445337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2018.2836150","title":"Defending ON\u2013OFF Attacks Using Light Probing Messages in Smart Sensors for Industrial Communication Systems","display_name":"Defending ON\u2013OFF Attacks Using Light Probing Messages in Smart Sensors for Industrial Communication Systems","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2876445337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2018.2836150","mag":"2876445337"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2018.2836150","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2018.2836150","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022847217","display_name":"Xiao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1933-7669"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100385833","display_name":"Yuxin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8632-2910"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuxin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075435434","display_name":"Anfeng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5190-4761"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anfeng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049154222","display_name":"Laurence T. Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7986-4244"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197191942","display_name":"St. Francis Xavier University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wcaxs37","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197191942"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laurence T. Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197191942"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022847217"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.8102,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":117,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98761552,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"9","first_page":"3801","last_page":"3811"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6951690912246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.6935266256332397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6479017734527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.6473063230514526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.5044842958450317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5026628971099854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-node","display_name":"Sensor node","score":0.4978511333465576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.43116265535354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.41437065601348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-distribution-in-wireless-sensor-networks","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","score":0.4073905050754547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.27533650398254395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1705593466758728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13487586379051208}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6951690912246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.6935266256332397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6479017734527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6473063230514526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.5044842958450317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5026628971099854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111185680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3866206","display_name":"Sensor node","level":5,"score":0.4978511333465576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.43116265535354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41437065601348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41971633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398155","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","level":4,"score":0.4073905050754547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.27533650398254395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1705593466758728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13487586379051208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2018.2836150","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2018.2836150","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G23767047","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61772554","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3156330493","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2014CB046305","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W795668133","https://openalex.org/W1585123302","https://openalex.org/W1656431062","https://openalex.org/W1899110790","https://openalex.org/W1987380082","https://openalex.org/W1989374345","https://openalex.org/W2039842676","https://openalex.org/W2053584113","https://openalex.org/W2056091725","https://openalex.org/W2056576128","https://openalex.org/W2090591027","https://openalex.org/W2111035403","https://openalex.org/W2112525087","https://openalex.org/W2135995952","https://openalex.org/W2150423825","https://openalex.org/W2160153694","https://openalex.org/W2167153513","https://openalex.org/W2271619260","https://openalex.org/W2274585927","https://openalex.org/W2283175605","https://openalex.org/W2325357419","https://openalex.org/W2407898405","https://openalex.org/W2428120229","https://openalex.org/W2510747677","https://openalex.org/W2513366229","https://openalex.org/W2513792618","https://openalex.org/W2531766446","https://openalex.org/W2553991989","https://openalex.org/W2568582261","https://openalex.org/W2586375957","https://openalex.org/W2624622277","https://openalex.org/W2742518803","https://openalex.org/W2753641064"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2148549110","https://openalex.org/W1977342959","https://openalex.org/W2536494564","https://openalex.org/W3148968234","https://openalex.org/W145760256","https://openalex.org/W1657620843","https://openalex.org/W28080522","https://openalex.org/W2545116705","https://openalex.org/W1996270948","https://openalex.org/W2525537297"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Industrial":[0],"communication":[1],"systems":[2],"(ICSs)":[3],"have":[4,17],"become":[5],"an":[6],"important":[7],"part":[8],"of":[9,58,142,157,163,197],"many":[10],"automated":[11],"applications.":[12],"Smart":[13],"sensors":[14,23,49],"for":[15,24,137],"ICSs":[16,25],"attracted":[18],"much":[19],"attention.":[20],"Using":[21],"smart":[22,48,95,100,185],"can":[26,67,173,188],"allow":[27],"the":[28,34,107,139,160,198],"surrounding":[29],"world":[30],"to":[31,37,44,55,71,110,154,177],"connect":[32],"with":[33,103,203],"production":[35],"equipment":[36],"reduce":[38],"human":[39],"resource":[40],"requirements.":[41],"However,":[42],"due":[43],"their":[45],"operating":[46],"nature,":[47],"are":[50,202],"often":[51],"unattended":[52],"and":[53,129,145,169,191],"prone":[54],"different":[56],"kinds":[57],"attacks.":[59],"An":[60],"on-off":[61],"attack":[62],"is":[63,90,117,135],"one":[64],"behavior":[65,156],"that":[66],"cause":[68],"serious":[69],"damage":[70],"wireless":[72],"sensor":[73,96,101,186],"networks":[74],"in":[75,92],"ICSs.":[76],"To":[77],"ensure":[78],"network":[79,112],"security,":[80],"a":[81,99,146,183,204],"trust":[82,105,127,147,152,165,179],"joint":[83],"light":[84,124],"probe":[85,125,133],"based":[86],"defense":[87],"(TLPD)":[88],"mechanism":[89,200],"proposed":[91],"which":[93],"each":[94],"node":[97,102,164,187],"selects":[98],"high":[104],"as":[106],"next":[108],"hop":[109],"improve":[111],"security.":[113],"The":[114,194],"TLPD":[115,199],"scheme":[116,149],"constituted":[118],"by":[119],"three":[120],"major":[121],"components,":[122],"including":[123],"routing,":[126],"estimation,":[128],"trust-aware":[130],"routing.":[131],"Light":[132],"routing":[134],"adopted":[136],"increasing":[138],"operation":[140,155],"times":[141],"malicious":[143,171,184],"nodes,":[144],"evaluation":[148,180],"evaluates":[150],"nodes":[151],"according":[153],"nodes.":[158],"Thus,":[159,182],"discrimination":[161],"degree":[162],"between":[166],"temporary":[167],"errors":[168],"disguised":[170],"behaviors":[172],"be":[174,189],"increased":[175],"compared":[176],"existing":[178],"schemes.":[181],"quickly":[190],"easily":[192],"identified.":[193],"analytical":[195],"results":[196],"assessed":[201],"simulation":[205],"experiment.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":22}],"updated_date":"2026-02-27T16:54:17.756197","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}