{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2097654096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2010.2052106","title":"Rate-Harmonized Scheduling and Its Applicability to Energy Management","display_name":"Rate-Harmonized Scheduling and Its Applicability to Energy Management","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-07-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2097654096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2010.2052106","mag":"2097654096"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2010.2052106","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2010.2052106","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056379112","display_name":"Anthony Rowe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2332-9450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anthony Rowe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088368212","display_name":"Karthik Lakshmanan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karthik Lakshmanan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102096106","display_name":"Haifeng Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9922-4155"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haifeng Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","United Technologies Research Center, Inc., East Hartford, CT, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"United Technologies Research Center, Inc., East Hartford, CT, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104053889","display_name":"Ragunathan Rajkumar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ragunathan Rajkumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056379112"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0482,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87958263,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"3","first_page":"265","last_page":"275"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reservation","display_name":"Reservation","score":0.6030781269073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5693204998970032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/idle","display_name":"Idle","score":0.5523406863212585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5508235096931458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.41937530040740967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.16550573706626892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.1270952820777893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12267491221427917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.09168016910552979}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777632111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1937518","display_name":"Reservation","level":2,"score":0.6030781269073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5693204998970032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16320812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1812200","display_name":"Idle","level":2,"score":0.5523406863212585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5508235096931458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.41937530040740967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.16550573706626892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.1270952820777893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12267491221427917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.09168016910552979}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tii.2010.2052106","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2010.2052106","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184777250","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","issn_l":"1551-3203","issn":["1551-3203","1941-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9200000166893005,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500846484","https://openalex.org/W1543921836","https://openalex.org/W1898254641","https://openalex.org/W1904129137","https://openalex.org/W1975342387","https://openalex.org/W2002377960","https://openalex.org/W2015717967","https://openalex.org/W2057146499","https://openalex.org/W2086061827","https://openalex.org/W2102086467","https://openalex.org/W2109488193","https://openalex.org/W2110134128","https://openalex.org/W2121504539","https://openalex.org/W2128589366","https://openalex.org/W2134400988","https://openalex.org/W2145132630","https://openalex.org/W2145398804","https://openalex.org/W2148323674","https://openalex.org/W2149009819","https://openalex.org/W2156571571","https://openalex.org/W2157432502","https://openalex.org/W2166531037","https://openalex.org/W2262960161","https://openalex.org/W4236289704","https://openalex.org/W6650807564"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2974485871","https://openalex.org/W2000785801","https://openalex.org/W986318368","https://openalex.org/W1577119738","https://openalex.org/W2384410913","https://openalex.org/W2908872315","https://openalex.org/W2352878646","https://openalex.org/W2004734601","https://openalex.org/W2130149817"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,172],"paper":[1,173],"presents":[2],"a":[3,54],"family":[4],"of":[5,94],"<i":[6,38,58,80,136,152,159,218],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[7,39,59,81,137,153,160,219],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Rate-Harmonized":[8],"Schedulers</i>":[9],"that":[10,119,158],"can":[11,141,164,230],"be":[12,165],"used":[13,166,216],"in":[14,56,192,217],"reservation-based":[15],"operating":[16,139,195],"systems":[17,140],"to":[18,31,65,91,99,113,126,167,177,180,208,233],"naturally":[19],"cluster":[20],"task":[21,214,239],"execution":[22],"and":[23,46],"lump":[24],"processor":[25,50],"idle":[26,114,146,162],"durations.":[27],"While":[28],"traditional":[29],"approaches":[30],"energy":[32,107,206,235],"management":[33],"have":[34],"focused":[35],"on":[36,236],"reducing":[37],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">dynamic":[40],"switching":[41],"power</i>":[42,62,84],"through":[43],"Dynamic":[44],"Voltage":[45],"Frequency":[47],"Scaling":[48],"(DVFS),":[49],"technology":[51],"trends":[52],"predict":[53],"future":[55],"which":[57],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">static":[60],"leakage":[61,83],"will":[63],"begin":[64],"dominate.":[66],"To":[67],"this":[68],"end,":[69],"most":[70],"modern":[71],"processors":[72],"provide":[73],"built-in":[74],"support":[75,181],"for":[76,106,197,212],"sleep":[77,96,129,170],"modes":[78,97],"with":[79,132],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">low":[82],".":[85],"However,":[86],"substantial":[87],"time":[88,124],"is":[89],"required":[90,125],"switch":[92,168],"in/out":[93],"such":[95,144],"due":[98,112],"mechanical":[100],"oscillator":[101],"stabilization":[102],"delays.":[103],"Significant":[104],"opportunities":[105],"saving":[108],"are":[109,120,187],"potentially":[110,142],"missed":[111],"gaps":[115],"between":[116],"executing":[117],"tasks":[118],"shorter":[121],"than":[122],"the":[123,128,193,213],"enter":[127],"mode.":[130,171],"Armed":[131],"apriori":[133],"workload":[134],"information,":[135],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">reservation-based</i>":[138],"eliminate":[143],"wasted":[145],"durations":[147],"using":[148],"Rate-Harmonized":[149,155,178,202,228],"Scheduling.":[150],"An":[151],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Energy-Saving":[154],"Scheduler</i>":[156],"guarantees":[157],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">every</i>":[161],"duration":[163],"into":[169],"also":[174],"provides":[175],"extensions":[176],"Scheduling":[179,203,211,229],"multicore":[182],"processors.":[183],"Empirical":[184],"evaluation":[185],"results":[186],"provided":[188],"from":[189],"an":[190],"implementation":[191],"nano-RK":[194],"system":[196],"wireless":[198],"sensor":[199],"networks.":[200],"Energy-Saving":[201,227],"saves":[204],"16.8%":[205],"compared":[207],"conventional":[209],"Rate-Monotonic":[210],"set":[215],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Sensor":[220],"Andrew</i>":[221],"project.":[222],"At":[223],"low":[224],"utilization":[225],"levels,":[226],"save":[231],"up":[232],"39%":[234],"randomly":[237],"generated":[238],"sets.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
