{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7160284838","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2026.3689990","title":"Screening Robust Cover for JPEG Steganography","display_name":"Screening Robust Cover for JPEG Steganography","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7160284838","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2026.3689990"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2026.3689990","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2026.3689990","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135303719","display_name":"Jin Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135407399","display_name":"Kai Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6275-9767"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102064193","display_name":"University of Siena","ror":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6275-9767","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135343017","display_name":"Kejiang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9868-3414"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kejiang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9868-3414","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135386693","display_name":"Weiming Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5576-6108"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiming Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5576-6108","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135304492","display_name":"Nenghai Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4417-9316"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nenghai Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4417-9316","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53686179,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":null,"first_page":"4654","last_page":"4667"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9645000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9645000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.01640000008046627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.9528999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganalysis","display_name":"Steganalysis","score":0.6861000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jpeg","display_name":"JPEG","score":0.6306999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cover","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.6014999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transform-coding","display_name":"Transform coding","score":0.5509999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lossy-compression","display_name":"Lossy compression","score":0.4767000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography-tools","display_name":"Steganography tools","score":0.474700003862381}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.9528999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8396999835968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107368093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q448176","display_name":"Steganalysis","level":4,"score":0.6861000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198751489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2195","display_name":"JPEG","level":3,"score":0.6306999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780428219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16952335","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.6014999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169805256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361381","display_name":"Transform coding","level":4,"score":0.5509999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165021410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55564","display_name":"Lossy compression","level":2,"score":0.4767000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13179402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7606662","display_name":"Steganography tools","level":4,"score":0.474700003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46709999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.39879998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.392300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.3862999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.38350000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.36149999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.35370001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.33480000495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.3336000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.3312999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.30880001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78548338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2493","display_name":"Data compression","level":2,"score":0.299699991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3073032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15912075","display_name":"Information hiding","level":3,"score":0.2913999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164112704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7974348","display_name":"Watermark","level":3,"score":0.28679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.26930001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69216139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931783","display_name":"JPEG 2000","level":5,"score":0.2687999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.2574999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2221639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2877","display_name":"Discrete cosine transform","level":3,"score":0.2506999969482422}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2026.3689990","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2026.3689990","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3061771244","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62472398","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4538375728","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2336206","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6347247583","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2436601","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Online":[0],"social":[1],"networks":[2],"(OSNs)":[3],"offer":[4],"an":[5],"abundant":[6],"and":[7,98,141,152],"freely":[8],"available":[9],"source":[10],"of":[11,109,155,161],"images,":[12],"providing":[13],"fertile":[14],"ground":[15],"for":[16,58],"steganographic":[17,37,80,92,110],"communication.":[18],"However,":[19],"the":[20,42,59,85,106,162],"mandatory":[21],"lossy":[22],"operations":[23],"applied":[24],"by":[25,56],"these":[26,172],"platforms\u2014primarily":[27],"JPEG":[28,73,120],"recompression\u2014":[29],"make":[30],"robustness":[31],"a":[32,62],"pressing":[33],"challenge.":[34],"Existing":[35],"robust":[36,63,127,134],"methods":[38],"focus":[39],"on":[40,112],"improving":[41],"embedding":[43,186],"process,":[44],"but":[45],"inevitably":[46],"compromise":[47],"security.":[48],"In":[49],"this":[50,54],"paper,":[51],"we":[52],"break":[53],"trade-off":[55],"proposing,":[57],"first":[60],"time,":[61],"cover":[64,113],"screening":[65,163],"method":[66,164],"that":[67,84,116,132,171],"enables":[68],"successful":[69],"message":[70,178],"extraction":[71,179],"after":[72,122],"recompression,":[74],"even":[75,180],"when":[76],"combined":[77],"with":[78,90,181],"non-robust":[79,182],"methods.":[81],"To":[82],"ensure":[83],"screened":[86,125,173],"covers":[87,135,174],"are":[88,124],"compatible":[89],"arbitrary":[91],"settings\u2014including":[93],"distortion":[94],"functions,":[95],"coding":[96],"schemes,":[97],"messages\u2014we":[99],"introduce":[100],"Robustness-Minimizing":[101],"Modification":[102],"(RMM),":[103],"which":[104],"simulates":[105],"worst-case":[107],"impact":[108],"modifications":[111],"robustness.":[114],"Images":[115],"remain":[117],"unchanged":[118],"under":[119],"recompression":[121],"RMM":[123],"as":[126],"covers.":[128,194],"Our":[129,167],"experiments":[130,168],"reveal":[131],"such":[133],"exist":[136],"widely":[137],"in":[138,147,165],"both":[139],"natural":[140],"generated":[142],"images.":[143],"Therefore,":[144],"recent":[145],"advances":[146],"generative":[148],"modeling":[149],"enable":[150],"cost-effective":[151],"scalable":[153],"expansion":[154],"candidate":[156],"covers,":[157],"addressing":[158],"potential":[159],"limitations":[160],"practice.":[166],"also":[169],"demonstrate":[170],"can":[175],"achieve":[176],"100%":[177],"steganography":[183],"at":[184],"high":[185],"rates,":[187],"while":[188],"maintaining":[189],"security":[190],"comparable":[191],"to":[192],"other":[193]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-13T06:04:23.736269","created_date":"2026-05-06T00:00:00"}
