{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7140291984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2026.3677579","title":"Interpretability-Oriented UAV Recognition via Frequency-Aware Networks: A Coarse-to-Fine Framework for Enhanced Accuracy and Insight","display_name":"Interpretability-Oriented UAV Recognition via Frequency-Aware Networks: A Coarse-to-Fine Framework for Enhanced Accuracy and Insight","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7140291984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2026.3677579"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2026.3677579","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2026.3677579","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111340667","display_name":"Gejiacheng Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gejiacheng Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4069-2898","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130618059","display_name":"Shufei Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shufei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3870-0729","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130571910","display_name":"Tomoaki Ohtsuki","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203951103","display_name":"Keio University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kn6nx58","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203951103"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomoaki Ohtsuki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Computer Science, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3961-1426","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Computer Science, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203951103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121262129","display_name":"Hikmet Sari","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hikmet Sari","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8114-6164","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130550448","display_name":"Guan Gui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guan Gui","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3888-2881","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.29852375,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":null,"first_page":"3312","last_page":"3324"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.32249999046325684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.32249999046325684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.14259999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.1340000033378601,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.3407000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-tracker","display_name":"Radar tracker","score":0.3212999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.2996000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.2928999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.28690001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.2720000147819519}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5271999835968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5031999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.3407000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32283439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407014","display_name":"Radar tracker","level":3,"score":0.3212999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.2996000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.2928999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.28690001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117623542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621974","display_name":"Automatic target recognition","level":3,"score":0.2621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.2599000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2538999915122986}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2026.3677579","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2026.3677579","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8425202413","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62471247","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993861190","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2339958599","https://openalex.org/W2522615148","https://openalex.org/W2584994008","https://openalex.org/W2788817046","https://openalex.org/W2796789676","https://openalex.org/W2800229517","https://openalex.org/W2892974322","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2964138953","https://openalex.org/W2970731346","https://openalex.org/W2976792973","https://openalex.org/W2994635693","https://openalex.org/W3006182894","https://openalex.org/W3022095849","https://openalex.org/W3115678238","https://openalex.org/W3122347867","https://openalex.org/W3130981243","https://openalex.org/W3135494293","https://openalex.org/W3136235398","https://openalex.org/W3191940264","https://openalex.org/W3194668998","https://openalex.org/W3205337393","https://openalex.org/W4283204853","https://openalex.org/W4293056138","https://openalex.org/W4309874955","https://openalex.org/W4312502494","https://openalex.org/W4328007112","https://openalex.org/W4361200074","https://openalex.org/W4381327855","https://openalex.org/W4388839491","https://openalex.org/W4391128826","https://openalex.org/W4391988923","https://openalex.org/W4391992770","https://openalex.org/W4392823802","https://openalex.org/W4399406087","https://openalex.org/W4402673895","https://openalex.org/W4403582755","https://openalex.org/W4417281896"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,14,95,151,154,161,212],"rapid":[2],"proliferation":[3],"of":[4,16,39,119,153],"unmanned":[5],"aerial":[6],"vehicles":[7],"(UAVs)":[8],"in":[9,47,94],"civilian":[10],"and":[11,50,115,170,180,187],"industrial":[12],"applications,":[13],"risk":[15],"malicious":[17],"or":[18],"unauthorized":[19],"UAV":[20,32,53,79,86,120,148],"use":[21],"has":[22],"become":[23],"a":[24,36,99,127],"critical":[25],"security":[26],"concern.":[27],"Existing":[28],"machine":[29],"learning":[30,58,93],"(ML)-based":[31],"recognition":[33,80,87,162,214],"methods":[34,60],"offer":[35],"certain":[37],"degree":[38],"interpretability,":[40,189],"but":[41],"their":[42],"performance":[43],"is":[44,104,132],"often":[45],"limited":[46],"complex":[48],"environments":[49],"across":[51],"diverse":[52],"types.":[54],"In":[55,157],"contrast,":[56],"deep":[57],"(DL)-based":[59],"exhibit":[61],"strong":[62],"representation":[63],"capability,":[64],"yet":[65],"they":[66],"generally":[67],"lack":[68],"physical":[69],"interpretability.":[70],"To":[71],"address":[72],"this":[73],"issue,":[74],"we":[75],"propose":[76],"an":[77],"interpretable":[78],"framework,":[81],"termed":[82],"frequency-aware":[83],"network":[84,130],"for":[85,140,201],"(FANet-UAV),":[88],"which":[89],"performs":[90],"coarse-to-fine":[91],"feature":[92],"frequency":[96,117],"domain.":[97],"Specifically,":[98],"multiplication":[100],"filter":[101],"module":[102],"(MFM)":[103],"first":[105],"designed":[106],"to":[107,135,166,173,211],"capture":[108],"coarse-grained":[109],"spectral":[110],"patterns":[111],"by":[112],"exploiting":[113],"multi-mode":[114],"multi-scale":[116],"characteristics":[118],"signals.":[121],"Based":[122],"on":[123,145,168,175,195],"these":[124],"coarse":[125],"representations,":[126],"convolutional":[128],"neural":[129],"(CNN)":[131],"further":[133],"employed":[134],"extract":[136],"fine-grained":[137],"discriminative":[138],"features":[139,200,208],"accurate":[141],"classification.":[142],"Experimental":[143],"results":[144,179],"two":[146],"public":[147],"datasets":[149],"demonstrate":[150],"effectiveness":[152],"proposed":[155],"method.":[156],"particular,":[158],"FANet-UAV":[159,192],"improves":[160],"accuracy":[163],"from":[164,171],"90.45%":[165],"96.82%":[167],"DroneRFa":[169],"94.15%":[172],"98.83%":[174],"DroneRF.":[176],"Moreover,":[177],"visualization":[178],"channel-wise":[181],"SHAP":[182],"analysis":[183],"provide":[184],"both":[185],"pre-hoc":[186],"post-hoc":[188],"revealing":[190],"that":[191],"mainly":[193],"relies":[194],"flight":[196],"control":[197],"signal":[198,206],"(FCS)":[199],"decision-making,":[202],"while":[203],"video":[204],"transmission":[205],"(VTS)":[207],"contribute":[209],"less":[210],"final":[213],"results.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T13:48:15.688549","created_date":"2026-03-26T00:00:00"}
