{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128310468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2026.3661794","title":"PROTheft: A Projector-Based Model Extraction Attack in the Physical World","display_name":"PROTheft: A Projector-Based Model Extraction Attack in the Physical World","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128310468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2026.3661794"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2026.3661794","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2026.3661794","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125348466","display_name":"Xinjing Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xinjing Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0159-0594","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125351449","display_name":"Yilong Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yilong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2811-2667","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080540971","display_name":"Taifeng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0843-165X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taifeng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0843-165X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1274-4325"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1274-4325","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121758839","display_name":"Leo Yu Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11701301","display_name":"Griffith University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sc3r913","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leo Yu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Technology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9330-2662","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Technology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125359506","display_name":"Yanjun Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanjun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5611-3483","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125366027","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6276-1468","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125350787","display_name":"Zhuo Ma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuo Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6023-2864","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5125348466"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.26324232,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":null,"first_page":"2116","last_page":"2131"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.7972999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.7972999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.0414000004529953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.0340999998152256,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extraction","display_name":"Extraction (chemistry)","score":0.42419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.3747999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.3400999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.27250000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm-design","display_name":"Algorithm design","score":0.2549999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7663000226020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4725764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844704","display_name":"Extraction (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.42419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3862000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.3747999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.3400999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.29899999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.27250000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106516650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm design","level":2,"score":0.2549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108882727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2991685","display_name":"Solid modeling","level":2,"score":0.25279998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183322885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007702","display_name":"Context model","level":3,"score":0.24860000610351562}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2026.3661794","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2026.3661794","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1323945101","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62261160651","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2215088380","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U23A20307","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3848079773","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U21A20464","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5299590918","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFB3103500","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5786452238","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U23A20306","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7001977797","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U25A20429","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G711359543","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GZB20250406","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7214301996","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023M742739","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G746094661","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62501444","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7531761133","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62406239","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G875455441","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2436206","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1672703058","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2150066425","https://openalex.org/W2579318729","https://openalex.org/W2603766943","https://openalex.org/W2774644650","https://openalex.org/W2808195004","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2963150697","https://openalex.org/W2963303354","https://openalex.org/W2963726920","https://openalex.org/W2969695741","https://openalex.org/W2997146418","https://openalex.org/W3017485054","https://openalex.org/W3034455297","https://openalex.org/W3035379805","https://openalex.org/W3035564946","https://openalex.org/W3094984771","https://openalex.org/W3102472724","https://openalex.org/W3109104051","https://openalex.org/W3174136778","https://openalex.org/W3177386742","https://openalex.org/W3185095134","https://openalex.org/W3204155906","https://openalex.org/W3206880386","https://openalex.org/W3213793813","https://openalex.org/W3216556018","https://openalex.org/W4200025412","https://openalex.org/W4221155126","https://openalex.org/W4229449242","https://openalex.org/W4291325848","https://openalex.org/W4304080321","https://openalex.org/W4312343407","https://openalex.org/W4312974184","https://openalex.org/W4367368092","https://openalex.org/W4386065609","https://openalex.org/W4388294983","https://openalex.org/W4388579595","https://openalex.org/W4391406903","https://openalex.org/W4392405782","https://openalex.org/W4393159883","https://openalex.org/W4402772363","https://openalex.org/W4410115164"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2026-02-09T00:00:00"}
