{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7080285564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2025.3607269","title":"Model Extraction for Image Denoising Networks","display_name":"Model Extraction for Image Denoising Networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7080285564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2025.3607269"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2025.3607269","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2025.3607269","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Huan Teng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3524-9749"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Huan Teng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yuhui Quan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2564-7703"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhui Quan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yong Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7183-3155"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jun Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Platform of AI at Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Platform of AI at Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hui Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1674-6056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, National University of Singapore, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49769583,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12157","display_name":"Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping","score":0.6934000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12157","display_name":"Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping","score":0.6934000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13067","display_name":"Geological Modeling and Analysis","score":0.02969999983906746,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1906","display_name":"Geochemistry and Petrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14311","display_name":"Electrical and Electromagnetic Research","score":0.016200000420212746,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-restoration","display_name":"Image restoration","score":0.6711000204086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-reduction","display_name":"Noise reduction","score":0.6572999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.6550999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.6513000130653381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.631600022315979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.6025999784469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5339000225067139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-denoising","display_name":"Image denoising","score":0.48410001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4462999999523163}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8287000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6973999738693237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106430172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6002272","display_name":"Image restoration","level":4,"score":0.6711000204086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163294075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Noise reduction","level":2,"score":0.6572999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.6550999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.6513000130653381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.631600022315979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.6025999784469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5339000225067139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5232999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983327147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Image denoising","level":3,"score":0.48410001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4462999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.4399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42489999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.40709999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.4058000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.40470001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29265498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7047719","display_name":"Noise measurement","level":3,"score":0.3540000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126422989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93586","display_name":"Feature detection (computer vision)","level":4,"score":0.319599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.31209999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.29120001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.2822999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35772409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1323086","display_name":"Image noise","level":3,"score":0.27720001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101453961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7048948","display_name":"Non-local means","level":4,"score":0.26330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141379421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094427","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.2535000145435333}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2025.3607269","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2025.3607269","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2987664336","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"x2js/D2240750","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3410818599","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62372186","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G420488216","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62472179","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G520475613","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024YFE0105400","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7693847685","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023A1515012841","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Model":[0],"Extraction":[1],"(ME)":[2],"replicates":[3],"the":[4,59,63,75,82,94,111,123,134,142,148,154],"performance":[5,126],"of":[6,62,77,136,150],"another":[7],"entity\u2019s":[8],"pretrained":[9],"model":[10],"without":[11],"authorization.":[12],"While":[13],"extensively":[14],"studied":[15,31],"in":[16,50,130,147,159],"image":[17,26,44,51,151],"classification,":[18],"object":[19],"detection":[20],"and":[21,72,74,105,113,127],"other":[22],"tasks,":[23],"ME":[24,41,146],"for":[25,43,156],"restoration":[27],"has":[28],"been":[29],"scarcely":[30],"despite":[32],"its":[33,69],"broad":[34],"applications.":[35],"This":[36],"paper":[37],"presents":[38],"a":[39,47],"novel":[40],"framework":[42,54],"denoising":[45],"networks,":[46],"fundamental":[48],"one":[49],"restoration.":[52],"The":[53],"tackles":[55],"unique":[56],"challenges":[57],"like":[58],"black-box":[60],"nature":[61],"victim":[64,124],"model,":[65],"limiting":[66],"access":[67],"to":[68,98,109,144],"parameters,":[70],"gradients,":[71],"outputs,":[73],"difficulty":[76],"acquiring":[78],"data":[79],"that":[80,118],"matches":[81],"original":[83],"noise":[84,96],"distribution":[85],"while":[86],"having":[87],"adequate":[88],"diversity.":[89],"Our":[90],"solution":[91],"involves":[92],"simulating":[93],"victim\u2019s":[95],"conditions":[97],"transform":[99],"clean":[100],"images":[101],"into":[102],"noisy":[103],"ones":[104],"introducing":[106],"loss":[107],"functions":[108],"optimize":[110],"generator":[112],"substitute":[114],"model.":[115],"Experiments":[116],"show":[117],"our":[119,137],"method":[120],"closely":[121],"approximates":[122],"model\u2019s":[125],"improves":[128],"generalization":[129],"some":[131],"scenarios.":[132],"To":[133],"best":[135],"knowledge,":[138],"this":[139,160],"work":[140],"is":[141],"first":[143],"address":[145],"field":[149],"restoration,":[152],"paving":[153],"way":[155],"future":[157],"research":[158],"area.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}