{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413555882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2025.3602233","title":"Foundation Models and Biometrics: A Survey and Outlook","display_name":"Foundation Models and Biometrics: A Survey and Outlook","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413555882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2025.3602233"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2025.3602233","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2025.3602233","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2025.3602233","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042428131","display_name":"Hatef Otroshi Shahreza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8199-0098"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7495430","display_name":"Idiap Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05932h694","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901242617","display_name":"Zimmer Biomet (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/050g10a24","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115238","https://openalex.org/I901242617"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hatef Otroshi Shahreza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biometrics Security and Privacy Group, Idiap Research Institute, Martigny, Switzerland","Biometrics Security and Privacy Group of Idiap Research Institute, Martigny, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8199-0098","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biometrics Security and Privacy Group, Idiap Research Institute, Martigny, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7495430","https://openalex.org/I901242617"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biometrics Security and Privacy Group of Idiap Research Institute, Martigny, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7495430","https://openalex.org/I901242617"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016330764","display_name":"S\u00e9bastien Marcel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2497-9140"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7495430","display_name":"Idiap Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05932h694","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901242617","display_name":"Zimmer Biomet (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/050g10a24","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115238","https://openalex.org/I901242617"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S\u00e9bastien Marcel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biometrics Security and Privacy Group, Idiap Research Institute, Martigny, Switzerland","Biometrics Security and Privacy Group of Idiap Research Institute, Martigny, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2497-9140","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biometrics Security and Privacy Group, Idiap Research Institute, Martigny, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7495430","https://openalex.org/I901242617"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biometrics Security and Privacy Group of Idiap Research Institute, Martigny, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7495430","https://openalex.org/I901242617"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.4339,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97993841,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":null,"first_page":"9113","last_page":"9138"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.38769999146461487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.38769999146461487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12698","display_name":"3D Modeling in Geospatial Applications","score":0.364300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.3215999901294708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.772436797618866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7280292510986328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foundation","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","score":0.6273507475852966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.43728816509246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.08912134170532227}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.772436797618866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7280292510986328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780966255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5474306","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","level":2,"score":0.6273507475852966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.43728816509246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.08912134170532227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2025.3602233","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2025.3602233","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unil.ch:iris/275907","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://iris.unil.ch/handle/iris/275907","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055444","display_name":"IRIS","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2025.3602233","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2025.3602233","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.46000000834465027,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321942","display_name":"Hasler Stiftung","ror":"https://ror.org/04m3t9183"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":164,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1584467222","https://openalex.org/W1589647164","https://openalex.org/W1608718905","https://openalex.org/W1824983686","https://openalex.org/W2072273451","https://openalex.org/W2140959843","https://openalex.org/W2157298821","https://openalex.org/W2769666294","https://openalex.org/W2792557137","https://openalex.org/W2798724621","https://openalex.org/W2890964092","https://openalex.org/W2962770929","https://openalex.org/W2963812294","https://openalex.org/W2973049979","https://openalex.org/W2979483133","https://openalex.org/W3024869864","https://openalex.org/W3029063924","https://openalex.org/W3035574324","https://openalex.org/W3038930935","https://openalex.org/W3120485916","https://openalex.org/W3159481202","https://openalex.org/W3173324345","https://openalex.org/W3173788106","https://openalex.org/W3174770825","https://openalex.org/W3174807077","https://openalex.org/W3176445421","https://openalex.org/W3192864012","https://openalex.org/W3198275944","https://openalex.org/W3201773091","https://openalex.org/W3206189675","https://openalex.org/W3206252155","https://openalex.org/W3207211939","https://openalex.org/W3209059054","https://openalex.org/W3209984917","https://openalex.org/W3211424380","https://openalex.org/W4213186350","https://openalex.org/W4213449918","https://openalex.org/W4225527248","https://openalex.org/W4225683910","https://openalex.org/W4225832925","https://openalex.org/W4295907364","https://openalex.org/W4298143694","https://openalex.org/W4304091651","https://openalex.org/W4308236855","https://openalex.org/W4312409772","https://openalex.org/W4312910992","https://openalex.org/W4312933868","https://openalex.org/W4313130906","https://openalex.org/W4313485571","https://openalex.org/W4316924414","https://openalex.org/W4317898419","https://openalex.org/W4319300116","https://openalex.org/W4319300360","https://openalex.org/W4321609509","https://openalex.org/W4322766882","https://openalex.org/W4323892660","https://openalex.org/W4323896444","https://openalex.org/W4372266552","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4385801440","https://openalex.org/W4385820037","https://openalex.org/W4386065512","https://openalex.org/W4386071707","https://openalex.org/W4386072096","https://openalex.org/W4386076045","https://openalex.org/W4386076638","https://openalex.org/W4386083096","https://openalex.org/W4386453636","https://openalex.org/W4388117509","https://openalex.org/W4388635537","https://openalex.org/W4389519587","https://openalex.org/W4389524500","https://openalex.org/W4389539696","https://openalex.org/W4390534338","https://openalex.org/W4390873054","https://openalex.org/W4390873135","https://openalex.org/W4390873312","https://openalex.org/W4390874117","https://openalex.org/W4390874575","https://openalex.org/W4391021623","https://openalex.org/W4391855109","https://openalex.org/W4392158419","https://openalex.org/W4392172801","https://openalex.org/W4392411844","https://openalex.org/W4392411904","https://openalex.org/W4392904802","https://openalex.org/W4393140548","https://openalex.org/W4393146351","https://openalex.org/W4393149651","https://openalex.org/W4393178509","https://openalex.org/W4393972628","https://openalex.org/W4394593171","https://openalex.org/W4396822621","https://openalex.org/W4399418483","https://openalex.org/W4400477233","https://openalex.org/W4400527557","https://openalex.org/W4400527566","https://openalex.org/W4400527853","https://openalex.org/W4401210548","https://openalex.org/W4402148809","https://openalex.org/W4402660077","https://openalex.org/W4402670135","https://openalex.org/W4402703076","https://openalex.org/W4402713111","https://openalex.org/W4402716216","https://openalex.org/W4402727764","https://openalex.org/W4402727798","https://openalex.org/W4402727885","https://openalex.org/W4402760804","https://openalex.org/W4402781704","https://openalex.org/W4402782221","https://openalex.org/W4402915983","https://openalex.org/W4402915995","https://openalex.org/W4402916438","https://openalex.org/W4402916824","https://openalex.org/W4402917263","https://openalex.org/W4402979749","https://openalex.org/W4402989706","https://openalex.org/W4403420692","https://openalex.org/W4403791839","https://openalex.org/W4403792097","https://openalex.org/W4403889519","https://openalex.org/W4404239148","https://openalex.org/W4404239149","https://openalex.org/W4404239152","https://openalex.org/W4404239177","https://openalex.org/W4404534210","https://openalex.org/W4404613713","https://openalex.org/W4404658388","https://openalex.org/W4404688227","https://openalex.org/W4404724811","https://openalex.org/W4404781855","https://openalex.org/W4404782964","https://openalex.org/W4404784428","https://openalex.org/W4404893185","https://openalex.org/W4404943083","https://openalex.org/W4404984152","https://openalex.org/W4405595839","https://openalex.org/W4406160881","https://openalex.org/W4406208390","https://openalex.org/W4406220698","https://openalex.org/W4406302454","https://openalex.org/W4407253521","https://openalex.org/W4407722355","https://openalex.org/W4409366283","https://openalex.org/W4409367651","https://openalex.org/W4409916998","https://openalex.org/W4409917679","https://openalex.org/W4409917845","https://openalex.org/W4410202262","https://openalex.org/W4410706600","https://openalex.org/W4410738203","https://openalex.org/W4410974031","https://openalex.org/W4411019772","https://openalex.org/W4413018401","https://openalex.org/W4413144877","https://openalex.org/W4413146038","https://openalex.org/W4413147290","https://openalex.org/W4413147355","https://openalex.org/W4413147805","https://openalex.org/W4413157009","https://openalex.org/W4413277723","https://openalex.org/W4413443924","https://openalex.org/W4413925825"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2076845124","https://openalex.org/W2183964146","https://openalex.org/W2379932303","https://openalex.org/W2095239294","https://openalex.org/W3147744369","https://openalex.org/W2062586268","https://openalex.org/W2019582947"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,169],"provides":[2],"an":[3,100,126],"overview":[4],"of":[5,16,22,52,103,129,160,178],"the":[6,20,158,171,176],"recent":[7],"advancements":[8],"in":[9,19,73,83,118,157,163,181],"foundation":[10,133,161,179],"models":[11,18,25,63,77,162,180],"and":[12,36,54,67,81,94,116,138,149],"discusses":[13],"potential":[14,153],"applications":[15,159,177],"these":[17],"field":[21,102],"biometrics.":[23,164,182],"Foundation":[24,76],"(such":[26],"as":[27],"large":[28,37,43],"language":[29,32,88],"models,":[30,33,35,135],"vision":[31],"audio-language":[34],"multi-modal":[38,95,134],"models)":[39],"are":[40,47],"based":[41],"on":[42],"neural":[44],"networks":[45],"which":[46,105,174],"trained":[48],"with":[49],"massive":[50],"amounts":[51],"data":[53],"enable":[55],"robust":[56,112],"feature":[57],"extraction":[58],"for":[59],"transfer":[60],"learning.":[61],"These":[62],"allow":[64],"efficient":[65],"zero-shot":[66],"few-shot":[68],"learning,":[69],"achieving":[70],"state-of-the-art":[71,130],"performance":[72],"downstream":[74],"tasks.":[75,143],"have":[78],"been":[79],"studied":[80],"used":[82],"different":[84],"domains,":[85],"including":[86],"natural":[87],"processing,":[89,93],"computer":[90],"vision,":[91],"audio":[92],"processing.":[96],"Biometrics":[97],"is":[98,170],"also":[99,145],"active":[101],"research,":[104],"involves":[106],"various":[107],"research":[108,155],"problems,":[109],"ranging":[110],"from":[111],"recognition":[113],"to":[114,141],"security":[115],"privacy":[117],"biometric":[119],"systems.":[120],"In":[121],"this":[122,168],"paper,":[123],"we":[124],"present":[125],"in-depth":[127],"analysis":[128],"methodologies":[131],"regarding":[132],"their":[136,139],"advancements,":[137],"applicability":[140],"biometrics":[142],"We":[144],"highlight":[146],"current":[147],"limitations":[148],"provide":[150],"insights":[151],"into":[152],"future":[154],"directions":[156],"To":[165],"our":[166],"knowledge,":[167],"first":[172],"survey":[173],"investigates":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}