{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413104910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2025.3597728","title":"SGBoost<sup>+</sup>: Efficient and Privacy-Preserving Vertical Boosting Trees for Federated Outsourced Training and Inference","display_name":"SGBoost<sup>+</sup>: Efficient and Privacy-Preserving Vertical Boosting Trees for Federated Outsourced Training and Inference","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413104910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2025.3597728"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2025.3597728","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2025.3597728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083065299","display_name":"Wei Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8948-9516"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8948-9516","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021292791","display_name":"Hui Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5853-633X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5853-633X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032375407","display_name":"Jiaqi Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1604-1953"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaqi Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1604-1953","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091898557","display_name":"Yandong Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4534-5670"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yandong Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4534-5670","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101864760","display_name":"Fengwei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6886-8258"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fengwei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6886-8258","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008091149","display_name":"Baishun Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baishun Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0534-5036","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086477266","display_name":"Songnian Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0558-4485"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Songnian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0558-4485","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101790997","display_name":"Dengguo Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8515-7124"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dengguo Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Computer Science, Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Institute of Software, State Key Laboratory of Computer Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8515-7124","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Computer Science, Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128818","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Software, State Key Laboratory of Computer Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128818","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083065299"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1733,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89859666,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":null,"first_page":"8701","last_page":"8714"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.980400025844574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9122999906539917,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boosting","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","score":0.8692203760147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7962043285369873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.6964361667633057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-set","display_name":"Training set","score":0.5332854390144348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","score":0.4443516731262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.43982255458831787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4392605721950531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.4143921732902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.32404255867004395}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46686674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466303","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.8692203760147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7962043285369873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.6964361667633057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.5332854390144348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.4443516731262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.43982255458831787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4392605721950531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.4143921732902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.32404255867004395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2025.3597728","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2025.3597728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G154702244","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U22B2030","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4058748708","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"YJSJ25011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5915805091","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62302360","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G758132783","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2025NCSF02015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","funder_display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W44936433","https://openalex.org/W209244779","https://openalex.org/W1488526968","https://openalex.org/W1490653284","https://openalex.org/W1524288918","https://openalex.org/W1969009977","https://openalex.org/W2031738616","https://openalex.org/W2141040012","https://openalex.org/W2233233025","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2507186412","https://openalex.org/W2744061387","https://openalex.org/W2767079719","https://openalex.org/W2899635708","https://openalex.org/W2912213068","https://openalex.org/W2952033682","https://openalex.org/W3003331030","https://openalex.org/W3008990186","https://openalex.org/W3049595782","https://openalex.org/W3136975558","https://openalex.org/W3164712068","https://openalex.org/W3198680619","https://openalex.org/W4229052361","https://openalex.org/W4312544130","https://openalex.org/W4313547868","https://openalex.org/W4378194715","https://openalex.org/W4396215566","https://openalex.org/W4396575008","https://openalex.org/W4401072564","https://openalex.org/W6728757088","https://openalex.org/W6748082217","https://openalex.org/W6749824362","https://openalex.org/W6778434676","https://openalex.org/W6780438843","https://openalex.org/W6864772859"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2125652721","https://openalex.org/W1540371141","https://openalex.org/W4394050964","https://openalex.org/W1529840045","https://openalex.org/W4244036394","https://openalex.org/W2135107501","https://openalex.org/W1842879116","https://openalex.org/W2047248895","https://openalex.org/W1822895636","https://openalex.org/W2551249631"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Vertical":[0],"federated":[1,47,83],"learning":[2],"for":[3,82,133],"boosting":[4,30,79],"trees":[5],"has":[6],"gained":[7],"significant":[8,66],"attention":[9],"due":[10],"to":[11,14,17,55,110,204],"its":[12,60,166],"ability":[13],"enable":[15],"participants":[16],"collaboratively":[18],"train":[19],"high-quality":[20],"models":[21],"while":[22],"preserving":[23],"data":[24,139],"privacy.":[25],"However,":[26,59],"existing":[27],"privacy-preserving":[28,77],"vertical":[29,78],"tree":[31,80],"schemes":[32],"suffer":[33],"from":[34],"high":[35],"computation":[36,199],"and":[37,50,62,76,86,99,104,115,121,157,159,168,194,200],"communication":[38,125,201],"costs":[39,202],"or":[40],"potential":[41],"security":[42,63,120,146,155,172],"vulnerabilities.":[43],"Recently,":[44],"SGBoost,":[45,93],"a":[46,129,148],"outsourced":[48,84],"training":[49,85,114,193],"inference":[51,108,163,195],"scheme,":[52,151],"was":[53],"proposed":[54],"address":[56],"these":[57],"challenges.":[58],"performance":[61],"still":[64],"require":[65],"improvements.":[67],"Therefore,":[68],"we":[69,94,127,143],"propose":[70],"SGBoost<sup":[71,176,187],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[72,177,188],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">+</sup>,":[73],"an":[74,96,105],"efficient":[75,106,191],"framework":[81],"inference.":[87],"Building":[88],"upon":[89],"the":[90,112,145,153],"strengths":[91],"of":[92,147],"introduce":[95],"RLWE-based":[97],"lossless":[98],"secure":[100,169],"internal":[101],"node":[102],"construction":[103],"oblivious":[107],"algorithm":[109,132],"finish":[111],"model":[113,134,162,192],"inference,":[116],"significantly":[117,197],"enhancing":[118],"both":[119],"efficiency.":[122],"To":[123],"reduce":[124],"cost,":[126],"design":[128],"ciphertext":[130],"compression":[131],"training,":[135],"which":[136],"drastically":[137],"minimizes":[138],"transmission":[140],"costs.":[141],"Additionally,":[142],"analyze":[144],"symmetric":[149],"encryption":[150],"specify":[152],"required":[154],"conditions":[156],"parameters,":[158],"optimize":[160],"our":[161],"based":[164],"on":[165],"improved":[167],"version.":[170],"Detailed":[171],"analysis":[173],"confirms":[174],"that":[175,186],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">+</sup>":[178,189],"offers":[179],"strong":[180],"privacy":[181],"guarantees.":[182],"Extensive":[183],"experiments":[184],"demonstrate":[185],"achieves":[190],"with":[196],"lower":[198],"compared":[203],"state-of-the-art":[205],"schemes.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
