{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400878461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2024.3432404","title":"Enhancing Resilience in Website Fingerprinting: Novel Adversary Strategies for Noisy Traffic Environments","display_name":"Enhancing Resilience in Website Fingerprinting: Novel Adversary Strategies for Noisy Traffic Environments","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400878461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2024.3432404"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2024.3432404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2024.3432404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042368869","display_name":"Yuwen Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9503-549X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuwen Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9503-549X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073113655","display_name":"Guodong Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8252-9140"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guodong Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103221383","display_name":"Chuan Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6198-9498"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuan Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6198-9498","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075722123","display_name":"Ming Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3690-0321"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data 61, CSIRO, Sydney, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3690-0321","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data 61, CSIRO, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I42894916"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069580961","display_name":"Long Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8111-0401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Long Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8111-0401","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100752814","display_name":"Zi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5608-4555"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5608-4555","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100437004","display_name":"Kai Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3123-2184"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Antai College of Economics and Management, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3123-2184","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Antai College of Economics and Management, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2495,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2495},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8468,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86974237,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":null,"first_page":"7216","last_page":"7231"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8093186616897583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary","display_name":"Adversary","score":0.6654875874519348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.632079005241394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5888214707374573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.35956573486328125}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8093186616897583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.6654875874519348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.632079005241394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5888214707374573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.35956573486328125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2024.3432404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2024.3432404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.75}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1655958391","https://openalex.org/W1993568446","https://openalex.org/W2012210084","https://openalex.org/W2021949962","https://openalex.org/W2048702750","https://openalex.org/W2085400820","https://openalex.org/W2088565190","https://openalex.org/W2127295197","https://openalex.org/W2135088779","https://openalex.org/W2272516773","https://openalex.org/W2485000773","https://openalex.org/W2490879758","https://openalex.org/W2557890466","https://openalex.org/W2763967737","https://openalex.org/W2783301790","https://openalex.org/W2883006946","https://openalex.org/W2883663564","https://openalex.org/W2963704216","https://openalex.org/W2965514557","https://openalex.org/W2989013751","https://openalex.org/W3019195326","https://openalex.org/W3103367901","https://openalex.org/W3127570122","https://openalex.org/W3130979296","https://openalex.org/W3132533829","https://openalex.org/W3193903060","https://openalex.org/W3203645886","https://openalex.org/W4200365378","https://openalex.org/W4225696825","https://openalex.org/W4226360336","https://openalex.org/W4367046987","https://openalex.org/W4385080294","https://openalex.org/W6682188453","https://openalex.org/W6693724512","https://openalex.org/W6730169306","https://openalex.org/W6744119509"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4388150944","https://openalex.org/W4242235492","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4387985143","https://openalex.org/W4362599004","https://openalex.org/W2808242528","https://openalex.org/W1567638270","https://openalex.org/W3110049015"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,85],"act":[1],"of":[2,71,232,237],"website":[3,62,114,165,244],"fingerprinting,":[4],"which":[5],"involves":[6],"monitoring":[7],"traffic":[8,35,47,185,201],"features":[9],"to":[10,42,45,56,93,124],"infer":[11],"private":[12],"user":[13],"information,":[14],"has":[15],"attracted":[16],"much":[17],"attention":[18],"in":[19,68,217],"the":[20,58,69,99,112,170,230,235],"research":[21],"community":[22],"recently.":[23],"While":[24],"previous":[25],"studies":[26],"primarily":[27],"focused":[28],"on":[29,172,243],"classifying":[30],"fingerprint":[31],"information":[32,189,205],"using":[33],"clean":[34],"data,":[36],"it":[37],"remains":[38],"a":[39,103,144,150,180,208],"challenging":[40],"task":[41],"apply":[43],"fingerprinting":[44,63,115,166],"noisy":[46],"data":[48],"or":[49],"evade":[50],"defensive":[51,131],"measures.":[52],"This":[53,158],"work":[54],"aims":[55],"address":[57],"challenges":[59],"associated":[60],"with":[61,111,186],"attacks":[64,167],"and":[65,82,126,155,220,234,240],"defense":[66,146,153,159,241],"strategies":[67],"presence":[70],"noise.":[72,109],"Specifically,":[73],"we":[74,142,178],"introduce":[75],"two":[76],"novel":[77],"attack":[78,81,87,119,239],"methods:":[79],"filter-assisted":[80],"augmentation-assisted":[83],"attack.":[84],"first":[86],"method":[88],"leverages":[89],"packet":[90,135,187,203],"size":[91,188,204],"distribution":[92],"effectively":[94],"filter":[95],"out":[96],"noise,":[97],"while":[98,168],"second":[100],"one":[101],"trains":[102],"classification":[104],"model":[105],"by":[106],"incorporating":[107],"artificial":[108],"Compared":[110],"traditional":[113],"attacks,":[116],"these":[117],"proposed":[118,215],"methods":[120,216],"demonstrate":[121],"superior":[122],"resilience":[123],"noise":[125,233],"exceptional":[127],"evasion":[128],"capabilities":[129],"against":[130,164],"measures":[132],"(e.g.,":[133],"random":[134],"defense,":[136],"Walkie-Talkie,":[137],"WTF-PAD,":[138],"etc.).":[139],"In":[140,175],"parallel,":[141],"propose":[143],"list-assisted":[145],"strategy":[147],"that":[148],"strikes":[149],"balance":[151],"between":[152],"performance":[154],"network":[156,173],"overhead.":[157],"mechanism":[160],"offers":[161],"effective":[162],"protection":[163],"minimizing":[169],"impact":[171],"performance.":[174],"our":[176,214],"experiments,":[177],"employ":[179],"comprehensive":[181],"dataset":[182],"encompassing":[183],"TCP/IP":[184],"collected":[190],"from":[191,207],"three":[192],"prominent":[193],"web":[194],"browsers,":[195],"as":[196,198],"well":[197],"Tor":[199,209],"cell":[200],"without":[202],"obtained":[206],"browser.":[210],"We":[211],"thoroughly":[212],"evaluate":[213],"both":[218],"closed-world":[219],"open-world":[221],"scenarios.":[222],"Our":[223],"experimental":[224],"results":[225],"shed":[226],"valuable":[227],"insights":[228],"into":[229],"influence":[231],"efficacy":[236],"different":[238],"approaches":[242],"fingerprinting.":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
