{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4397000744","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2024.3402346","title":"Achieving Covert Communication With a Probabilistic Jamming Strategy","display_name":"Achieving Covert Communication With a Probabilistic Jamming Strategy","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4397000744","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2024.3402346"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2024.3402346","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2024.3402346","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ro.ecu.edu.au/ecuworks2022-2026/4202","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104099863","display_name":"Xun Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3679-7917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20942203","display_name":"Hainan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q648j11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100928602","display_name":"Fujun Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3607-8276"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20942203","display_name":"Hainan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q648j11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fujun Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022952324","display_name":"Min Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6885-4334"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012709709","display_name":"Jia Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2513-4115"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28006308","display_name":"Shandong Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wy3h363","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044969631","display_name":"Feng Shu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0073-1965"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20942203","display_name":"Hainan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q648j11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Shu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101931677","display_name":"Shihao Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4586-1926"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12079687","display_name":"Edith Cowan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jhnwe22","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12079687"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shihao Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12079687"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5104099863"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.8885,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96512792,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":null,"first_page":"5561","last_page":"5574"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9836000204086304,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9836000204086304,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.965399980545044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9606999754905701,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8201407790184021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jamming","display_name":"Jamming","score":0.7623088359832764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.636278510093689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert","display_name":"Covert","score":0.5722759962081909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.41830840706825256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3708028197288513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.26613426208496094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8201407790184021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779079576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092823","display_name":"Jamming","level":2,"score":0.7623088359832764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.636278510093689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.5722759962081909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.41830840706825256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3708028197288513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26613426208496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2024.3402346","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2024.3402346","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ro.ecu.edu.au:ecuworks2022-2026-5203","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ro.ecu.edu.au/ecuworks2022-2026/4202","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765015692","display_name":"Australasian Journal of Paramedicine","issn_l":"2202-7270","issn":["2202-7270"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research outputs 2022 to 2026","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ro.ecu.edu.au:ecuworks2022-2026-5203","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ro.ecu.edu.au/ecuworks2022-2026/4202","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765015692","display_name":"Australasian Journal of Paramedicine","issn_l":"2202-7270","issn":["2202-7270"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research outputs 2022 to 2026","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4485556575","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62177046","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5420040957","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2021LZH010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2084796966","https://openalex.org/W2098346479","https://openalex.org/W2506174538","https://openalex.org/W2511419557","https://openalex.org/W2562742260","https://openalex.org/W2808367635","https://openalex.org/W2893082680","https://openalex.org/W2896420513","https://openalex.org/W2897986532","https://openalex.org/W2915414279","https://openalex.org/W2963513299","https://openalex.org/W2976081738","https://openalex.org/W2981443503","https://openalex.org/W2982192320","https://openalex.org/W3008277130","https://openalex.org/W3104101844","https://openalex.org/W3106493014","https://openalex.org/W3135239326","https://openalex.org/W3164862323","https://openalex.org/W3167837530","https://openalex.org/W3212250153","https://openalex.org/W4294310832","https://openalex.org/W4321636731","https://openalex.org/W4323338579","https://openalex.org/W4367185441","https://openalex.org/W4384788007","https://openalex.org/W4392152250"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2523525694","https://openalex.org/W4200319726","https://openalex.org/W2998642566","https://openalex.org/W2392682561","https://openalex.org/W57793151","https://openalex.org/W2804882289","https://openalex.org/W2727423897","https://openalex.org/W1984793747","https://openalex.org/W2497612952","https://openalex.org/W4247948804"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,135],"this":[1],"work,":[2],"we":[3,137],"consider":[4],"a":[5,10,15,22,55,81,179],"covert":[6,73,87,150,181],"communication":[7,88],"scenario,":[8],"where":[9],"transmitter":[11],"Alice":[12,76],"communicates":[13],"to":[14,77,80],"receiver":[16],"Bob":[17,78],"with":[18],"the":[19,38,50,58,72,86,96,100,107,117,127,133,140,146,155,167,172,184],"aid":[20],"of":[21,37,57,177],"probabilistic":[23,118,168],"and":[24,35,42,65,99,157,187],"uninformed":[25],"jammer":[26,39],"against":[27],"an":[28],"adversary":[29],"warden\u2019s":[30,51],"detection.":[31],"The":[32],"transmission":[33,60],"status":[34],"power":[36,63,110,143,160,190],"are":[40],"random":[41],"follow":[43],"some":[44],"priori":[45],"probabilities.":[46],"We":[47,69],"first":[48],"analyze":[49],"detection":[52],"performance":[53],"as":[54,148],"function":[56],"jammer\u2019s":[59,97],"probability,":[61],"transmit":[62,67,151],"distribution,":[64],"Alice\u2019s":[66,94,149],"power.":[68],"then":[70],"maximize":[71],"throughput":[74,182],"from":[75,90,124],"subject":[79],"covertness":[82,156,186],"constraint,":[83],"by":[84],"designing":[85],"strategies":[89],"three":[91],"different":[92,123],"perspectives:":[93],"perspective,":[95,98],"global":[101],"perspective.":[102],"Our":[103],"analysis":[104],"reveals":[105],"that":[106,125,139,166],"minimum":[108,141],"jamming":[109,119,129,142,159,169,174,189],"should":[111,144],"not":[112],"always":[113],"be":[114,145],"zero":[115],"in":[116,126,132,175],"strategy,":[120],"which":[121],"is":[122],"continuous":[128,173],"strategy":[130],"presented":[131],"literature.":[134],"addition,":[136],"prove":[138],"same":[147,185],"power,":[152],"depending":[153],"on":[154],"average":[158,188],"constraints.":[161,191],"Furthermore,":[162],"our":[163],"results":[164],"show":[165],"can":[170],"outperform":[171],"terms":[176],"achieving":[178],"higher":[180],"under":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-03T22:45:19.894376","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
