{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4394896819","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2024.3390621","title":"An Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Based Attack Scheme Against Dual-Functional Radar and Communication Systems","display_name":"An Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Based Attack Scheme Against Dual-Functional Radar and Communication Systems","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4394896819","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2024.3390621"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2024.3390621","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2024.3390621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045683791","display_name":"Beiyuan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8649-6507"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beiyuan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shaanxi, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8649-6507","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shaanxi, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110453623","display_name":"Jinjing Jiang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106134","display_name":"Guangzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01dan7p53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106134"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinjing Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106134"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100318524","display_name":"Qian Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8525-7961"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qian Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shaanxi, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shaanxi, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108050448","display_name":"Jiajia Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4273-8866"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiajia Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shaanxi, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4273-8866","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shaanxi, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044488024","display_name":"Sai Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5581-9564"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sai Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Communication Systems (ICS), 5GIC & 6GIC, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, U.K","National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5581-9564","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Communication Systems (ICS), 5GIC & 6GIC, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.3168,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97039006,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":null,"first_page":"4945","last_page":"4956"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.8238000273704529,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.8238000273704529,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7932978868484497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.6324679255485535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.6235384941101074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.4773975908756256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.35345348715782166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3370002508163452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.25662946701049805}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7932978868484497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.6324679255485535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6235384941101074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4773975908756256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.35345348715782166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3370002508163452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.25662946701049805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2024.3390621","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2024.3390621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G378851666","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"D5000210595","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8606962725","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62101447","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1957358593","https://openalex.org/W1996215314","https://openalex.org/W1998752794","https://openalex.org/W2035769579","https://openalex.org/W2043769961","https://openalex.org/W2049516452","https://openalex.org/W2113638573","https://openalex.org/W2299553154","https://openalex.org/W2558778358","https://openalex.org/W2795059371","https://openalex.org/W2886726856","https://openalex.org/W2942626342","https://openalex.org/W2945534522","https://openalex.org/W2950680381","https://openalex.org/W2964113506","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2972820227","https://openalex.org/W2978330116","https://openalex.org/W2981096252","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W3006143078","https://openalex.org/W3035437586","https://openalex.org/W3043038318","https://openalex.org/W3043220753","https://openalex.org/W3087789612","https://openalex.org/W3105108969","https://openalex.org/W3119152637","https://openalex.org/W3129486236","https://openalex.org/W3129492911","https://openalex.org/W3133505491","https://openalex.org/W3183034622","https://openalex.org/W3194620979","https://openalex.org/W3217184862","https://openalex.org/W4205293427","https://openalex.org/W4221151058","https://openalex.org/W4226061238","https://openalex.org/W4226165103","https://openalex.org/W4236826464","https://openalex.org/W4285033185","https://openalex.org/W4289656469"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975289146","https://openalex.org/W2105887828","https://openalex.org/W2122599759","https://openalex.org/W4236520801","https://openalex.org/W2317351040","https://openalex.org/W4285447065","https://openalex.org/W1537234410","https://openalex.org/W1988622314","https://openalex.org/W2111375262","https://openalex.org/W2393949104"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dual-functional":[0],"radar":[1,54,109],"and":[2,19,55,92],"communication":[3,56],"(DFRC)":[4],"system":[5],"is":[6,67],"capable":[7],"of":[8,35,75,101,146],"sensing":[9],"potential":[10],"eavesdroppers":[11],"close":[12],"to":[13,105,112,126],"the":[14,31,73,83,94,102,113,117,127,143,147,155],"DFRC":[15,78,103,156],"base":[16],"station":[17],"(BS)":[18],"further":[20],"ensuring":[21],"secure":[22],"transmission":[23],"using":[24],"physical":[25],"layer":[26],"security":[27,39],"technologies":[28],"based":[29],"on":[30],"obtained":[32],"location":[33],"information":[34],"eavesdroppers.":[36],"However,":[37],"such":[38],"can":[40,140],"be":[41],"threatened":[42],"by":[43,154],"a":[44,76,87],"malicious":[45,88],"intelligent":[46],"reflecting":[47],"surface":[48],"(IRS)":[49],"that":[50,135],"simultaneously":[51],"changes":[52],"both":[53],"channels.":[57],"To":[58],"reveal":[59],"this":[60,70,81],"threat,":[61],"an":[62],"IRS-based":[63],"active":[64],"attack":[65,124,138],"scheme":[66,139],"proposed":[68,137],"in":[69,98],"paper":[71],"under":[72],"assumption":[74],"prevalent":[77],"framework.":[79],"In":[80],"scheme,":[82],"attacker,":[84],"equipped":[85],"with":[86],"IRS,":[89],"carefully":[90],"controls":[91],"optimizes":[93],"IRS":[95],"phase":[96],"shifts":[97],"each":[99],"stage":[100],"framework":[104],"reduce":[106,142],"its":[107],"reflected":[108],"echo":[110],"power":[111],"BS":[114],"and/or":[115],"strength":[116],"wiretap":[118],"link":[119],"gain":[120],"for":[121],"pilot":[122],"spoofing":[123],"according":[125],"statistical":[128],"channel":[129],"state":[130],"information.":[131],"Numerical":[132],"results":[133],"show":[134],"our":[136],"significantly":[141],"secrecy":[144],"rate":[145],"legitimate":[148],"user,":[149],"while":[150],"avoid":[151],"being":[152],"detected":[153],"BS.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
