{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390873965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2024.3353072","title":"CryptojackingTrap: An Evasion Resilient Nature-Inspired Algorithm to Detect Cryptojacking Malware","display_name":"CryptojackingTrap: An Evasion Resilient Nature-Inspired Algorithm to Detect Cryptojacking Malware","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390873965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2024.3353072"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2024.3353072","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2024.3353072","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054342442","display_name":"Atefeh Zareh Chahoki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2004-7762"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Atefeh Zareh Chahoki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, Trento, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2004-7762","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052372544","display_name":"Hamid Reza Shahriari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2749-6355"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158248296","display_name":"Amirkabir University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gzbav43","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamid Reza Shahriari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2749-6355","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055975794","display_name":"Marco Roveri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9483-3940"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Roveri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, Trento, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9483-3940","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054342442"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9594,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91443567,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":null,"first_page":"7465","last_page":"7477"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12034","display_name":"Digital and Cyber Forensics","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8308430910110474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware","display_name":"Malware","score":0.7808378338813782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evasion","display_name":"Evasion (ethics)","score":0.6940038204193115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4715792238712311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm-design","display_name":"Algorithm design","score":0.4245205521583557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3708542287349701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34699735045433044}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8308430910110474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541664917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14001","display_name":"Malware","level":2,"score":0.7808378338813782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781251061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416089","display_name":"Evasion (ethics)","level":3,"score":0.6940038204193115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4715792238712311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106516650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm design","level":2,"score":0.4245205521583557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3708542287349701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34699735045433044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2024.3353072","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2024.3353072","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unitn.it:11572/400760","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11572/400760","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401913","display_name":"Institutional Research Information System (Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Trento)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","host_organization_name":"University of Trento","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8835551461","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101070537","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338444","funder_display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Digital, Industry and Space"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338444","display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Digital, Industry and Space","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985247771","https://openalex.org/W2065323196","https://openalex.org/W2070352186","https://openalex.org/W2080478146","https://openalex.org/W2132874238","https://openalex.org/W2890152369","https://openalex.org/W2890228473","https://openalex.org/W2897385569","https://openalex.org/W2902986994","https://openalex.org/W2917904072","https://openalex.org/W2945561205","https://openalex.org/W2963603877","https://openalex.org/W2967058495","https://openalex.org/W2978765985","https://openalex.org/W3013337319","https://openalex.org/W3024201913","https://openalex.org/W4239813889","https://openalex.org/W6745121950"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2783112941","https://openalex.org/W4387298227","https://openalex.org/W2526398307","https://openalex.org/W2470029541","https://openalex.org/W4387065217","https://openalex.org/W4368275542","https://openalex.org/W4285357721","https://openalex.org/W2470502009","https://openalex.org/W3152957156","https://openalex.org/W2393888177"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,120],"high":[1],"profitability":[2],"of":[3,41,51,99,139,146,154,165,178],"mining":[4],"cryptocurrencies":[5,48],"mining,":[6],"a":[7,12,42,97,108,125,183],"computationally":[8],"intensive":[9],"activity,":[10,90],"forms":[11],"fertile":[13],"ecosystem":[14],"that":[15],"is":[16,57,105,122,134,219,235],"enticing":[17],"not":[18],"only":[19],"legitimate":[20],"investors":[21],"but":[22],"also":[23],"cyber":[24],"attackers":[25,91],"who":[26],"invest":[27],"their":[28],"illicit":[29],"computational":[30],"resources":[31,45],"in":[32,59,213],"this":[33,88,102,155,179],"area.":[34],"Cryptojacking":[35],"refers":[36],"to":[37,46,74,86,114,186,237],"the":[38,52,137,161,176,188,203,215,238],"surreptitious":[39],"exploitation":[40],"victim\u2019s":[43],"computing":[44],"mine":[47],"on":[49,136],"behalf":[50],"cyber-criminal.":[53],"This":[54,150],"malicious":[55,89],"behavior":[56,145],"observed":[58],"executable":[60,64],"files":[61],"and":[62,68,77,127,131,182,206,212,234],"browser":[63],"codes,":[65],"including":[66],"JavaScript":[67],"Assembly":[69],"modules,":[70],"downloaded":[71],"from":[72],"websites":[73],"victims\u2019":[75],"machines":[76],"executed.":[78],"Although":[79],"there":[80],"are":[81,210],"numerous":[82],"botnet":[83],"detection":[84,111,189],"techniques":[85],"stop":[87],"can":[92],"circumvent":[93],"these":[94],"protections":[95],"using":[96],"variety":[98],"techniques.":[100],"In":[101],"paper,":[103],"CryptojackingTrap":[104,121,191,228],"presented":[106],"as":[107,222],"novel":[109],"cryptojacking":[110,148],"solution":[112],"designed":[113],"resist":[115],"most":[116],"malware":[117],"defense":[118],"methods.":[119],"armed":[123],"with":[124,168],"debugger":[126],"extensible":[128,232],"cryptocurrency":[129,140,171],"listeners":[130],"its":[132],"algorithm":[133,151],"based":[135],"execution":[138,158],"hash":[141,157],"functions:":[142],"an":[143,193,230],"indispensable":[144],"all":[147],"executors.":[149],"becomes":[152],"aware":[153],"specific":[156],"by":[159],"correlating":[160],"memory":[162],"access":[163],"traces":[164],"suspicious":[166],"executables":[167],"publicly":[169],"available":[170,236],"P2P":[172],"network":[173],"data.":[174],"With":[175],"advantage":[177],"assembly-level":[180],"investigation":[181],"natureinspired":[184],"approach":[185],"triggering":[187],"alarm,":[190],"provides":[192],"accurate,":[194],"evasion-proof":[195],"technique":[196],"for":[197],"detecting":[198],"cryptojacking.":[199],"After":[200],"experimental":[201],"evaluation,":[202],"false":[204,207,216],"negative":[205],"positive":[208,217],"rates":[209],"zero,":[211],"addition,":[214],"rate":[218],"mathematically":[220],"calculated":[221],"10":[223],"<sup":[224],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[225],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">\u221220</sup>":[226],".":[227],"has":[229],"open,":[231],"architecture":[233],"open-source":[239],"community.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}