{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386536474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2023.3313356","title":"Exploiting Unfairness With Meta-Set Learning for Chronological Age Estimation","display_name":"Exploiting Unfairness With Meta-Set Learning for Chronological Age Estimation","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386536474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2023.3313356"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2023.3313356","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2023.3313356","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100424719","display_name":"Chenyang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6898-8360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21642278","display_name":"Ningxia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j7b2v61","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenyang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6898-8360","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101561563","display_name":"Zhendong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5411-2612"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21642278","display_name":"Ningxia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j7b2v61","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhendong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020658267","display_name":"Xian Mo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1249-9190"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21642278","display_name":"Ningxia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j7b2v61","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xian Mo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025511970","display_name":"Xiaofen Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2618-9334"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21642278","display_name":"Ningxia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j7b2v61","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofen Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100458873","display_name":"Hao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0954-5405"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21642278","display_name":"Ningxia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j7b2v61","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0954-5405","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8509,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75393354,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":null,"first_page":"5678","last_page":"5690"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.801161527633667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/margin","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","score":0.6942393183708191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6173443794250488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/initialization","display_name":"Initialization","score":0.6109674572944641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5748497843742371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ordinal-regression","display_name":"Ordinal regression","score":0.5208597779273987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.472086638212204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","score":0.4641932249069214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.452429860830307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meta-learning","display_name":"Meta learning (computer science)","score":0.43267005681991577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-set","display_name":"Data set","score":0.43153998255729675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3453534245491028}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.801161527633667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C774472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6760393","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.6942393183708191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6173443794250488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114466953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6034165","display_name":"Initialization","level":2,"score":0.6109674572944641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5748497843742371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110313322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100793","display_name":"Ordinal regression","level":2,"score":0.5208597779273987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.472086638212204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.4641932249069214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.452429860830307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781002164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6822311","display_name":"Meta learning (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.43267005681991577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.43153998255729675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3453534245491028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2023.3313356","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2023.3313356","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1262611328","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022BEG03158","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334010","funder_display_name":"Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3496463009","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023AAC05009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334010","funder_display_name":"Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4075719093","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62076142","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G565786283","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021BEB0406","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334010","funder_display_name":"Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G767640394","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62241603","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7883392327","display_name":"\u6781\u9650\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u6570\u636e\u5206\u7c7b\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61966029","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8544646609","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62306157","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334010","display_name":"Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":93,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980287119","https://openalex.org/W2009088607","https://openalex.org/W2047917018","https://openalex.org/W2066454034","https://openalex.org/W2067425370","https://openalex.org/W2073749068","https://openalex.org/W2075875861","https://openalex.org/W2078046525","https://openalex.org/W2081023672","https://openalex.org/W2105026179","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2115651492","https://openalex.org/W2118664399","https://openalex.org/W2118978333","https://openalex.org/W2132852291","https://openalex.org/W2148143831","https://openalex.org/W2159289007","https://openalex.org/W2187089797","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2239239723","https://openalex.org/W2341528187","https://openalex.org/W2440214111","https://openalex.org/W2472456744","https://openalex.org/W2510725918","https://openalex.org/W2553156677","https://openalex.org/W2579021424","https://openalex.org/W2592232824","https://openalex.org/W2593927017","https://openalex.org/W2597603852","https://openalex.org/W2663800299","https://openalex.org/W2748140016","https://openalex.org/W2765407302","https://openalex.org/W2771116199","https://openalex.org/W2795282075","https://openalex.org/W2798868324","https://openalex.org/W2807904173","https://openalex.org/W2885593519","https://openalex.org/W2899771611","https://openalex.org/W2921918732","https://openalex.org/W2947380870","https://openalex.org/W2955216108","https://openalex.org/W2962851632","https://openalex.org/W2962933664","https://openalex.org/W2963096987","https://openalex.org/W2963160702","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2963735582","https://openalex.org/W2964274690","https://openalex.org/W2965064764","https://openalex.org/W2967052791","https://openalex.org/W2978625989","https://openalex.org/W2981873476","https://openalex.org/W2982889384","https://openalex.org/W2996108195","https://openalex.org/W3035325670","https://openalex.org/W3092466816","https://openalex.org/W3096840866","https://openalex.org/W3101998545","https://openalex.org/W3105616927","https://openalex.org/W3118608800","https://openalex.org/W3166229003","https://openalex.org/W3177357839","https://openalex.org/W3200886401","https://openalex.org/W3210061328","https://openalex.org/W3210436797","https://openalex.org/W3212940003","https://openalex.org/W4281986265","https://openalex.org/W4285023110","https://openalex.org/W4293518271","https://openalex.org/W4301183982","https://openalex.org/W4311080794","https://openalex.org/W4312501338","https://openalex.org/W4312526008","https://openalex.org/W4312771329","https://openalex.org/W4322766407","https://openalex.org/W4324125225","https://openalex.org/W6670000642","https://openalex.org/W6679777679","https://openalex.org/W6734338310","https://openalex.org/W6735632633","https://openalex.org/W6740005241","https://openalex.org/W6745136726","https://openalex.org/W6750523955","https://openalex.org/W6751647823","https://openalex.org/W6753772092","https://openalex.org/W6756040250","https://openalex.org/W6758632346","https://openalex.org/W6763430915","https://openalex.org/W6771630921","https://openalex.org/W6773116539","https://openalex.org/W6779482673","https://openalex.org/W6795999579","https://openalex.org/W6839494292"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3204184292","https://openalex.org/W3176564347","https://openalex.org/W1985458517","https://openalex.org/W2355833770","https://openalex.org/W3031039437","https://openalex.org/W3095877357","https://openalex.org/W183202219","https://openalex.org/W10861731","https://openalex.org/W2073647387","https://openalex.org/W4281862540"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Facial":[0],"age":[1,16,19,88,151],"estimation":[2,20],"aims":[3],"to":[4,59,122,171],"rank":[5],"the":[6,13,48,62,79,104,119,124,136],"face":[7,64,82],"aging":[8,65,83],"data":[9,36],"by":[10,128],"taking":[11],"in":[12,30,37,90],"correlation":[14],"among":[15],"categories.":[17],"Conventional":[18],"models":[21,153],"are":[22],"trained":[23],"based":[24],"on":[25,158],"assumed":[26],"high-quality":[27],"training":[28,125],"annotations":[29],"a":[31,38,72,109,144],"totally-supervised":[32],"manner.":[33],"However,":[34],"noisy":[35],"sparse":[39],"distribution":[40],"collected":[41],"from":[42,114,154],"unconstrained":[43,91],"environment":[44],"usually":[45],"account":[46],"for":[47,77],"corruption":[49],"of":[50,81],"produced":[51],"gradients":[52],"and":[53,142],"ordinal":[54],"relationships,":[55],"which":[56,107],"may":[57],"fail":[58],"fairly":[60],"describe":[61],"correlated":[63],"data.":[66],"In":[67],"this":[68],"paper,":[69],"we":[70,96],"propose":[71],"meta-set":[73],"learning":[74],"(MSL)":[75],"approach":[76],"exploiting":[78,118],"unfairness":[80,100],"datasets,":[84],"thus":[85],"achieving":[86],"unbiased":[87],"classification":[89],"conditions.":[92],"To":[93],"address":[94],"this,":[95],"elaborately":[97],"create":[98],"an":[99],"filtration":[101],"network":[102],"under":[103],"meta-learning":[105],"paradigm,":[106],"exceeds":[108],"reliable":[110],"margin-reweighting":[111],"initialization":[112],"suffering":[113],"class":[115,129],"variance,":[116],"simultaneously":[117],"meta-reweighting":[120],"intervention":[121],"minimize":[123],"bias":[126],"caused":[127],"imbalance.":[130],"Moreover,":[131],"our":[132,164],"proposed":[133,165],"model":[134],"leverages":[135],"learned":[137],"instance-level":[138],"margin":[139],"between":[140],"logits":[141,147],"develops":[143],"unimodal":[145],"constrained":[146],"loss,":[148],"further":[149],"surviving":[150],"regression":[152],"unfairness.":[155],"Experimental":[156],"results":[157,169],"multiple":[159],"in-the-wild":[160],"datasets":[161],"demonstrate":[162],"that":[163],"method":[166],"achieves":[167],"superior":[168],"compared":[170],"existing":[172],"state-of-the-art":[173],"methods.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
