{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4383503800","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2023.3293420","title":"On the Limits of Covert Backscatter Communication Over Undecodable Ambient Signals","display_name":"On the Limits of Covert Backscatter Communication Over Undecodable Ambient Signals","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4383503800","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2023.3293420"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2023.3293420","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2023.3293420","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012652754","display_name":"Weiyu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9552-7221"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150385","display_name":"Innovation Team (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttbbx73","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150385"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiyu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9552-7221","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150385"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085315242","display_name":"Haiyang Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4446-5216"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150385","display_name":"Innovation Team (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttbbx73","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150385"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haiyang Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information and Communication, National University of Defense Technology, Wuhan, China","Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4446-5216","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information and Communication, National University of Defense Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150385"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089256340","display_name":"Shilian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4132-8750"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150385","display_name":"Innovation Team (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttbbx73","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150385"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shilian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4132-8750","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150385"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034754948","display_name":"Fengkui Gong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4211-0959"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fengkui Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4211-0959","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104140451","display_name":"Guojiang Xia","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guojiang Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0453,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76120136,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":null,"first_page":"4198","last_page":"4213"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alice-and-bob","display_name":"Alice and Bob","score":0.6330199837684631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5773227214813232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.5566422343254089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5456221699714661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jamming","display_name":"Jamming","score":0.5217683911323547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.4814800024032593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backscatter","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","score":0.4236319661140442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alice","display_name":"Alice (programming language)","score":0.38590767979621887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.38187670707702637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.2796770930290222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2567848563194275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.08803746104240417}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127964579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q649676","display_name":"Alice and Bob","level":3,"score":0.6330199837684631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5773227214813232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5566422343254089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5456221699714661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779079576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092823","display_name":"Jamming","level":2,"score":0.5217683911323547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.4814800024032593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30354325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204667","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","level":3,"score":0.4236319661140442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778222013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136926","display_name":"Alice (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.38590767979621887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.38187670707702637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.2796770930290222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2567848563194275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.08803746104240417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2023.3293420","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2023.3293420","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1810414518","display_name":"\u6beb\u7c73\u6ce2\u7528\u6237\u70ed\u70b9\u533a\u57df\u643a\u80fd\u4e2d\u7ee7\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61871387","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G385609795","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6570\u6b63\u6001\u8870\u843d\u4fe1\u9053\u7684\u5ba4\u5185\u65e0\u7ebf\u4f9b\u7535\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61861041","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G592052814","display_name":"\u80fd\u91cf\u6536\u96c6\u65e0\u7ebf\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u4fe1\u53f7\u68c0\u6d4b\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61871471","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7016145966","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZK20-40","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328245","funder_display_name":"National University Research Fund of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7256556787","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFE0100500","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7790135856","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62171445","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328245","display_name":"National University Research Fund of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1608976610","https://openalex.org/W1972485395","https://openalex.org/W2006578550","https://openalex.org/W2041235917","https://openalex.org/W2064039105","https://openalex.org/W2096667287","https://openalex.org/W2098346479","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2099461393","https://openalex.org/W2102591969","https://openalex.org/W2111971663","https://openalex.org/W2509004749","https://openalex.org/W2562742260","https://openalex.org/W2775135700","https://openalex.org/W2802067688","https://openalex.org/W2894396499","https://openalex.org/W2961910708","https://openalex.org/W2963108679","https://openalex.org/W2963381616","https://openalex.org/W2963513299","https://openalex.org/W2964289634","https://openalex.org/W2984466104","https://openalex.org/W3003392456","https://openalex.org/W3104101844","https://openalex.org/W3117613361","https://openalex.org/W3123708127","https://openalex.org/W3134569544","https://openalex.org/W3169567209","https://openalex.org/W3171132384","https://openalex.org/W3172818029","https://openalex.org/W3188578374","https://openalex.org/W3198753883","https://openalex.org/W3212250153","https://openalex.org/W3212858237","https://openalex.org/W4206654732","https://openalex.org/W4210613352","https://openalex.org/W4285116427","https://openalex.org/W4290715054","https://openalex.org/W4292793902","https://openalex.org/W4295832326","https://openalex.org/W4319068696","https://openalex.org/W4362500847","https://openalex.org/W4376851240"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4232165261","https://openalex.org/W4251817561","https://openalex.org/W2079676826","https://openalex.org/W2387602844","https://openalex.org/W1765977934","https://openalex.org/W2066842693","https://openalex.org/W4238337057","https://openalex.org/W2315316137","https://openalex.org/W1548585588","https://openalex.org/W2064946300"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,142],"paper":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,8,27,62,67,86,89,103,106,114,121,149,182,187],"limit":[4,115],"covert":[5,116],"rate":[6,117],"of":[7,88,156],"backscatter":[9],"communication":[10,80],"systems":[11],"based":[12],"on":[13],"undecodable":[14,48,68],"ambient":[15,49,183],"radio":[16],"frequency":[17],"(RF)":[18],"signals":[19,69,185],"over":[20],"additive":[21,74],"white":[22],"Gaussian":[23],"noise":[24],"channel.":[25],"In":[26,52],"considered":[28],"network,":[29],"source":[30,108,151],"node":[31,155],"Alice":[32,166,170],"expects":[33],"to":[34,37,60,84,120,164,178],"transmit":[35,176],"information":[36,63,104,177],"receiver":[38],"Bob":[39,59,179],"without":[40],"being":[41],"detected":[42],"by":[43,46,91,162,180],"warden":[44],"Willie,":[45],"backscattering":[47,181],"RF":[50,107,150,184],"signals.":[51],"this":[53],"case,":[54],"it":[55],"is":[56,82,118,152],"challenging":[57],"for":[58],"recover":[61],"from":[64,105,167],"Alice,":[65],"since":[66],"result":[70,144],"in":[71],"both":[72],"unknown":[73],"and":[75,109,174],"multiplicative":[76],"interference.":[77],"A":[78],"subtle":[79],"strategy":[81],"proposed":[83],"alleviate":[85],"influences":[87],"interference,":[90,113],"which":[92],"we":[93],"prove":[94],"that":[95,146],"no":[96],"matter":[97],"Willie":[98,157,163],"can":[99,171],"or":[100],"cannot":[101],"decode":[102],"then":[110],"eliminate":[111],"its":[112],"subject":[119],"well-known":[122],"square":[123],"root":[124],"law":[125],"(i.e.,":[126],"<italic":[127,131,137],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[128,132,138],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">O</i>":[129],"(\u221a":[130],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">n</i>":[133,139],")":[134],"bits":[135],"per":[136],"channel":[140],"uses).":[141],"interesting":[143],"means":[145],"even":[147],"if":[148],"a":[153,159],"cooperative":[154],"(e.g.,":[158,186],"jammer":[160],"deployed":[161],"restrict":[165],"active":[168],"transmission),":[169],"still":[172],"covertly":[173],"reliably":[175],"malicious":[188],"jamming":[189],"signals).":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
