{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4367277159","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2023.3271252","title":"Abusing Commodity DRAMs in IoT Devices to Remotely Spy on Temperature","display_name":"Abusing Commodity DRAMs in IoT Devices to Remotely Spy on Temperature","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4367277159","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2023.3271252"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2023.3271252","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2023.3271252","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055045011","display_name":"Florian Frank","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6914-2152"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186354981","display_name":"University of Passau","ror":"https://ror.org/05ydjnb78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Florian Frank","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics, University of Passau, Bavaria, Passau, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6914-2152","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics, University of Passau, Bavaria, Passau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008550066","display_name":"Wenjie Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7626-2651"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjie Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026250758","display_name":"Nikolaos Athanasios Anagnostopoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0243-8594"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186354981","display_name":"University of Passau","ror":"https://ror.org/05ydjnb78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikolaos Athanasios Anagnostopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics, University of Passau, Bavaria, Passau, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0243-8594","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics, University of Passau, Bavaria, Passau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081297511","display_name":"Andr\u00e9 Schaller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2491-3536"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41466953","display_name":"European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites","ror":"https://ror.org/02h919y47","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41466953"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andr\u00e9 Schaller","raw_affiliation_strings":["European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), Hessen, Darmstadt, Germany","European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), Darmstadt, Hessen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), Hessen, Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41466953"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), Darmstadt, Hessen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41466953"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084209832","display_name":"Tolga Arul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2078-3976"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186354981","display_name":"University of Passau","ror":"https://ror.org/05ydjnb78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tolga Arul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics, University of Passau, Bavaria, Passau, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2078-3976","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics, University of Passau, Bavaria, Passau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019931011","display_name":"Farinaz Koushanfar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0798-3794"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farinaz Koushanfar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0798-3794","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036400192","display_name":"Stefan Katzenbeisser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3608-874X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186354981","display_name":"University of Passau","ror":"https://ror.org/05ydjnb78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Katzenbeisser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics, University of Passau, Bavaria, Passau, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3608-874X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics, University of Passau, Bavaria, Passau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008067534","display_name":"Ulrich R\u00fchrmair","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0156-6738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","display_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05591te55","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ulrich R\u00fchrmair","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut für Informatik, LMU München, Bavaria, M\u00fcnchen, Germany","University of Connecticut, Storrs, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut für Informatik, LMU München, Bavaria, M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Connecticut, Storrs, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044387689","display_name":"Jakub Szefer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9721-3640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jakub Szefer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9721-3640","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055045011"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8977,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68561414,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":null,"first_page":"2991","last_page":"3005"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dram","display_name":"Dram","score":0.8364609479904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7088996767997742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6992624402046204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/espionage","display_name":"Espionage","score":0.5413917899131775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.5173613429069519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.46285760402679443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3683147430419922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.28666549921035767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.26211556792259216}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7366592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1255620","display_name":"Dram","level":2,"score":0.8364609479904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7088996767997742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6992624402046204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558872910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165950","display_name":"Espionage","level":2,"score":0.5413917899131775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.5173613429069519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.46285760402679443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3683147430419922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.28666549921035767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.26211556792259216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2023.3271252","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2023.3271252","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G119368644","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA9550-22-1-0548","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","funder_display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1488021142","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA9550-21-1-0039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","funder_display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3081424921","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"439892735","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6343502828","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"236615297","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7351773517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1651945","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7442024191","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"440182124","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/011e9bt93"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1438441013","https://openalex.org/W1919977078","https://openalex.org/W1967388580","https://openalex.org/W1977314849","https://openalex.org/W2000171858","https://openalex.org/W2001041320","https://openalex.org/W2057279554","https://openalex.org/W2095526927","https://openalex.org/W2109296207","https://openalex.org/W2126279347","https://openalex.org/W2135274013","https://openalex.org/W2144956593","https://openalex.org/W2157549033","https://openalex.org/W2169212403","https://openalex.org/W2199499977","https://openalex.org/W2294803951","https://openalex.org/W2404886994","https://openalex.org/W2500740922","https://openalex.org/W2530364902","https://openalex.org/W2628319348","https://openalex.org/W2766335005","https://openalex.org/W2796159762","https://openalex.org/W2807790706","https://openalex.org/W2808752273","https://openalex.org/W2809786680","https://openalex.org/W2904804748","https://openalex.org/W2911231695","https://openalex.org/W2945689921","https://openalex.org/W2947761168","https://openalex.org/W2958669826","https://openalex.org/W2966709516","https://openalex.org/W3007462133","https://openalex.org/W3008386084","https://openalex.org/W3036652449","https://openalex.org/W3175358749","https://openalex.org/W4212842541","https://openalex.org/W4232381578","https://openalex.org/W4244770034","https://openalex.org/W4249899149","https://openalex.org/W4280590166","https://openalex.org/W4288309108","https://openalex.org/W4293182484","https://openalex.org/W4304701050","https://openalex.org/W4313451618","https://openalex.org/W6628376663","https://openalex.org/W6676173926","https://openalex.org/W6683024097","https://openalex.org/W6846418750"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W651184588","https://openalex.org/W2056963179","https://openalex.org/W3120961607","https://openalex.org/W629655256","https://openalex.org/W4380740192","https://openalex.org/W586198266","https://openalex.org/W2570701939","https://openalex.org/W3148568549","https://openalex.org/W2153729412","https://openalex.org/W1969390830"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,150],"ubiquity":[1],"and":[2,24,77,120],"pervasiveness":[3],"of":[4,7,50,66,116,137,144],"modern":[5],"Internet":[6],"Things":[8],"(IoT)":[9],"devices":[10,155],"opens":[11],"up":[12,138],"vast":[13],"possibilities":[14],"for":[15],"novel":[16],"applications,":[17],"but":[18],"simultaneously":[19],"also":[20],"allows":[21],"spying":[22],"on,":[23],"collecting":[25],"data":[26,92],"from,":[27],"unsuspecting":[28],"users":[29],"to":[30,57,75,89,139,146,177],"a":[31,38,142,160],"previously":[32],"unseen":[33],"extent.":[34],"This":[35],"paper":[36,187],"details":[37],"new":[39,199],"attack":[40,107,130,152,190],"form":[41],"in":[42,45,63,84,93,148,154,172],"this":[43,72],"vein,":[44],"which":[46],"the":[47,61,64,67,114,167,173,180,184,186,198],"decay":[48],"properties":[49],"widespread,":[51],"off-the-shelf":[52],"DRAM":[53,168],"modules":[54,169],"are":[55,175],"exploited":[56],"accurately":[58],"spy":[59,80,178],"on":[60,81,164,179],"temperature":[62,135,162],"vicinity":[65],"DRAM-carrying":[68],"device.":[69],"Among":[70],"others,":[71],"enables":[73],"adversaries":[74],"remotely":[76],"purely":[78],"digitally":[79],"personal":[82],"behavior":[83],"users\u2019":[85],"private":[86],"homes,":[87],"or":[88,99,126],"collect":[90],"security-critical":[91],"server":[94],"farms,":[95],"cloud":[96],"storage":[97],"centers,":[98],"commercial":[100],"production":[101],"lines.":[102],"We":[103],"demonstrate":[104],"that":[105,156],"our":[106],"can":[108,133],"be":[109],"performed":[110],"by":[111],"merely":[112],"compromising":[113],"software":[115],"an":[117],"IoT":[118],"device":[119,174],"does":[121],"not":[122,158],"require":[123],"hardware":[124],"modifications":[125],"physical":[127],"access":[128],"at":[129],"time.":[131],"It":[132],"achieve":[134],"resolutions":[136],"0.5\u00b0C":[140],"over":[141],"range":[143],"0\u00b0C":[145],"70\u00b0C":[147],"practice.":[149],"presented":[151],"works":[153],"do":[157],"have":[159],"dedicated":[161],"sensor":[163],"board;":[165],"as":[166,192,194],"already":[170],"present":[171],"abused":[176],"temperature.":[181],"To":[182],"complete":[183],"work,":[185],"discusses":[188],"practical":[189],"scenarios":[191],"well":[193],"possible":[195],"countermeasures":[196],"against":[197],"temperature-spying":[200],"attacks.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}