{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312712230","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2022.3226904","title":"Double-Layered Dual-Syndrome Trellis Codes Utilizing Channel Knowledge for Robust Steganography","display_name":"Double-Layered Dual-Syndrome Trellis Codes Utilizing Channel Knowledge for Robust Steganography","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312712230","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2022.3226904"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2022.3226904","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2022.3226904","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035206146","display_name":"Qingxiao Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8193-1234"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161346416","display_name":"Jimei University","ror":"https://ror.org/03hknyb50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161346416"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingxiao Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Engineering College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8193-1234","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Engineering College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161346416"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100346801","display_name":"Peng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2329-502X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139024713","display_name":"Guangdong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04azbjn80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2329-502X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067689180","display_name":"Weiming Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5576-6108"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiming Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Electro-Magnetic Space Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5576-6108","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Electro-Magnetic Space Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083054357","display_name":"Wei Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4068-1766"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4068-1766","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101889358","display_name":"Xinpeng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0212-3501"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinpeng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0212-3501","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4368,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90548053,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":null,"first_page":"501","last_page":"516"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7970876693725586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.7688908576965332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.5450064539909363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.537419319152832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5122839212417603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lossy-compression","display_name":"Lossy compression","score":0.5097000598907471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbo-code","display_name":"Turbo code","score":0.5059050917625427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4331483840942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-detection-and-correction","display_name":"Error detection and correction","score":0.4264407753944397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4237237274646759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-hiding","display_name":"Information hiding","score":0.4169559180736542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-density-parity-check-code","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","score":0.41309213638305664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.27496659755706787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.18720391392707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1845046579837799}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7970876693725586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.7688908576965332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.5450064539909363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.537419319152832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5122839212417603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165021410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55564","display_name":"Lossy compression","level":2,"score":0.5097000598907471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114504821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2164281","display_name":"Turbo code","level":3,"score":0.5059050917625427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4331483840942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103088060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062839","display_name":"Error detection and correction","level":2,"score":0.4264407753944397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4237237274646759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3073032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15912075","display_name":"Information hiding","level":3,"score":0.4169559180736542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67692717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187444","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","level":3,"score":0.41309213638305664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.27496659755706787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.18720391392707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1845046579837799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2022.3226904","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2022.3226904","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G160262817","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021A1515011962","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","funder_display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2595929697","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62174038","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4278025092","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62072421","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6627746567","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2001202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8773676125","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62072480","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G986642954","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1936114","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22271197","https://openalex.org/W1663899164","https://openalex.org/W2004161606","https://openalex.org/W2012300482","https://openalex.org/W2022271272","https://openalex.org/W2035352613","https://openalex.org/W2045407304","https://openalex.org/W2055625960","https://openalex.org/W2058860584","https://openalex.org/W2059907896","https://openalex.org/W2104705565","https://openalex.org/W2119411189","https://openalex.org/W2122975611","https://openalex.org/W2124664712","https://openalex.org/W2127295759","https://openalex.org/W2130032292","https://openalex.org/W2133152344","https://openalex.org/W2134527668","https://openalex.org/W2139842737","https://openalex.org/W2148986322","https://openalex.org/W2154555188","https://openalex.org/W2170598445","https://openalex.org/W2171845226","https://openalex.org/W2192227561","https://openalex.org/W2210387432","https://openalex.org/W2339370745","https://openalex.org/W2465668359","https://openalex.org/W2565257220","https://openalex.org/W2781513756","https://openalex.org/W2807910487","https://openalex.org/W2892948265","https://openalex.org/W2905058180","https://openalex.org/W2912620163","https://openalex.org/W2953197802","https://openalex.org/W2972693155","https://openalex.org/W2981228172","https://openalex.org/W2996234703","https://openalex.org/W2997557485","https://openalex.org/W3037490193","https://openalex.org/W3089337021","https://openalex.org/W3118455762","https://openalex.org/W3123522550","https://openalex.org/W3130259306","https://openalex.org/W3200766050","https://openalex.org/W4214904869","https://openalex.org/W4300972832","https://openalex.org/W6653682224"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2060592722","https://openalex.org/W2889518184","https://openalex.org/W4312924540","https://openalex.org/W2761811700","https://openalex.org/W2894777672","https://openalex.org/W2087015384","https://openalex.org/W4313247424","https://openalex.org/W3004006571","https://openalex.org/W2952111707","https://openalex.org/W3016727678"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Robust":[0],"steganography":[1],"aims":[2],"to":[3,75,105,135,166],"hide":[4],"message":[5,18],"in":[6,24],"cover":[7],"data":[8,61,112],"with":[9,151],"high":[10,174],"security":[11],"and":[12,65,95,129,171],"guarantee":[13],"the":[14,49,116,144,147],"success":[15],"of":[16,34,53,146,163],"its":[17,98],"extraction":[19],"although":[20],"it":[21],"is":[22,177],"disturbed":[23,59],"transmission":[25,118],"channel.":[26,119],"In":[27],"this":[28,70],"paper":[29],"we":[30,78,101,130],"propose":[31,131],"a":[32,103,132],"framework":[33],"coding":[35,153],"scheme":[36,83],"extended":[37],"from":[38,90,110,115],"Dual-Syndrome":[39],"Trellis":[40],"Codes":[41],"(Dual-STCs)":[42],"for":[43,84,140,155],"robust":[44,156],"adaptive":[45],"steganography.":[46],"We":[47],"use":[48,162],"conditional":[50,93],"probability":[51,108],"distribution":[52],"correct":[54],"stego":[55,60,88,111],"bits":[56,89],"conditioned":[57],"on":[58],"as":[62,68],"channel":[63,121,148,164],"knowledge,":[64],"formulate":[66],"error-correcting":[67,85],"maximizing":[69],"probability.":[71],"By":[72],"extending":[73],"Dual-STCs":[74],"double-layered":[76],"embedding,":[77],"design":[79,102],"an":[80],"iteratively":[81],"decoding":[82],"two":[86],"layer":[87],"their":[91],"joint":[92],"probabilities,":[94],"strictly":[96],"prove":[97],"convergence.":[99],"Besides,":[100],"method":[104,134,159],"estimate":[106],"these":[107],"distributions":[109],"pairs":[113],"uploaded/downloaded":[114],"lossy":[117],"The":[120],"knowledge":[122,165],"can":[123,160],"also":[124],"be":[125],"used":[126],"by":[127,179],"steganographer,":[128],"universal":[133],"revise":[136],"steganographic":[137],"distortion":[138],"values":[139],"higher":[141],"robustness":[142],"under":[143],"guidance":[145],"knowledge.":[149],"Compared":[150],"existing":[152],"methods":[154],"steganography,":[157],"our":[158],"make":[161],"improve":[167],"error":[168],"correcting":[169],"ability":[170],"meanwhile":[172],"maintain":[173],"security,":[175],"which":[176],"demonstrated":[178],"experimental":[180],"results.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
