{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4311080746","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2022.3223794","title":"Variable-Modulation Specific Emitter Identification With Domain Adaptation","display_name":"Variable-Modulation Specific Emitter Identification With Domain Adaptation","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4311080746","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2022.3223794"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2022.3223794","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2022.3223794","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075571020","display_name":"Xinliang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3527-9393"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169689159","display_name":"PLA Information Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mm1qk40","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xinliang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information System Engineering, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information System Engineering, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101910052","display_name":"Tianyun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0557-8907"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169689159","display_name":"PLA Information Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mm1qk40","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianyun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information System Engineering, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information System Engineering, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029219058","display_name":"Pei Gong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9613-692X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169689159","display_name":"PLA Information Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mm1qk40","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pei Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information System Engineering, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information System Engineering, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010146271","display_name":"Xiong Zha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-5013"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169689159","display_name":"PLA Information Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mm1qk40","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiong Zha","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information System Engineering, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information System Engineering, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091094830","display_name":"Renwei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8901-6479"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169689159","display_name":"PLA Information Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mm1qk40","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renwei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information System Engineering, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information System Engineering, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075571020"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.6206,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":50,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97208096,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":null,"first_page":"380","last_page":"395"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.909500002861023,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7287241816520691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.47654515504837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","score":0.4356984496116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.43254178762435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4263344407081604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.4157765507698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3678792715072632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.32303881645202637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.31880754232406616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2001190483570099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.1617283821105957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.11095130443572998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.10069650411605835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7287241816520691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.47654515504837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32409245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749753","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.4356984496116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.43254178762435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4263344407081604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4157765507698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3678792715072632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.32303881645202637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.31880754232406616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2001190483570099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.1617283821105957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.11095130443572998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.10069650411605835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2022.3223794","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2022.3223794","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7046072648","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61401511","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1614669719","https://openalex.org/W1731081199","https://openalex.org/W1880843531","https://openalex.org/W1959608418","https://openalex.org/W1968960382","https://openalex.org/W2049659851","https://openalex.org/W2164943005","https://openalex.org/W2165698076","https://openalex.org/W2250259964","https://openalex.org/W2304380770","https://openalex.org/W2324877926","https://openalex.org/W2352028072","https://openalex.org/W2354454515","https://openalex.org/W2390817494","https://openalex.org/W2593768305","https://openalex.org/W2886145918","https://openalex.org/W2889741439","https://openalex.org/W2891054065","https://openalex.org/W2921412127","https://openalex.org/W2929496932","https://openalex.org/W2943484928","https://openalex.org/W2963297042","https://openalex.org/W2964288524","https://openalex.org/W2977117446","https://openalex.org/W2997791733","https://openalex.org/W3006133350","https://openalex.org/W3009816315","https://openalex.org/W3036818015","https://openalex.org/W3040216392","https://openalex.org/W3047279638","https://openalex.org/W3134500229","https://openalex.org/W3136322890","https://openalex.org/W3137268093","https://openalex.org/W3196757423","https://openalex.org/W3204577170","https://openalex.org/W4205139341","https://openalex.org/W4206467342","https://openalex.org/W4206696842","https://openalex.org/W4225087128","https://openalex.org/W4281723119","https://openalex.org/W4283074394","https://openalex.org/W4285214623","https://openalex.org/W4293715816","https://openalex.org/W6640963894","https://openalex.org/W6779253770","https://openalex.org/W6801451286","https://openalex.org/W6839159412","https://openalex.org/W6839165778"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2355663289","https://openalex.org/W2982399888","https://openalex.org/W2106913410","https://openalex.org/W4380372336","https://openalex.org/W2354248671","https://openalex.org/W2359134391","https://openalex.org/W2594116857","https://openalex.org/W2947628004","https://openalex.org/W2935229758","https://openalex.org/W2352791832"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Specific":[0],"emitter":[1,167],"identification":[2],"(SEI)":[3],"is":[4,54,115,143,196,209],"a":[5,22,47],"technique":[6],"of":[7,14,39,59,136,165,188,194,207],"identifying":[8],"individual":[9,166],"emitters":[10,137],"via":[11],"unique":[12],"characteristics":[13,58],"different":[15],"emitters.":[16],"In":[17],"this":[18,37],"paper,":[19],"we":[20],"consider":[21],"SEI":[23,49,119,159],"problem":[24],"with":[25,43,51,138],"transmitter":[26,60],"changing":[27],"modulations":[28],"scenario.":[29,40],"There":[30],"have":[31],"been":[32],"few":[33],"previous":[34],"studies":[35],"on":[36],"type":[38],"To":[41,130],"cope":[42],"the":[44,64,92,106,118,133,157,177,186],"daunting":[45],"challenge,":[46],"variable-modulation":[48,128],"framework":[50,120,160,189,195,208],"domain":[52],"adaptation":[53],"proposed.":[55],"The":[56,73,88,182,192,205],"components":[57,187],"are":[61,67,78,101,190],"analyzed":[62],"and":[63,80,91,99,103,171,175,198,216],"distortion":[65,134],"models":[66],"established":[68],"for":[69,168],"simulation":[70],"dataset":[71],"generation.":[72],"received":[74,89],"in-phase/quadrature":[75],"(I/Q)":[76],"signals":[77,90,95],"demodulated":[79],"reconstructed":[81],"to":[82,97,121,145,202],"obtain":[83],"baseband":[84],"ideal":[85,93],"modulation":[86,94,170,212],"signals.":[87],"corresponding":[96],"demodulation":[98],"reconstruction":[100],"merged":[102],"embedded":[104],"into":[105,117,149],"feature":[107],"extraction":[108],"network.":[109],"Domain":[110],"adversarial":[111],"neural":[112],"network":[113],"(DANN)":[114],"added":[116],"generate":[122],"domain-invariant":[123],"fingerprint":[124,147],"features,":[125],"thus":[126],"realizing":[127],"SEI.":[129],"better":[131],"align":[132],"features":[135,148],"variable":[139,172],"modulations,":[140],"Gaussian":[141,150],"Encoder":[142],"designed":[144],"project":[146],"distribution":[151],"space.":[152],"Numerous":[153],"experiments":[154],"show":[155],"that":[156],"proposed":[158],"can":[161,200],"improve":[162],"recognition":[163],"accuracy":[164],"single":[169],"transfer":[173,179,213],"greatly,":[174],"outperform":[176],"existing":[178],"learning":[180],"methods.":[181],"ablation":[183],"study":[184],"demonstrates":[185],"complementary.":[191],"complexity":[193],"acceptable":[197],"it":[199],"extend":[201],"large-scale":[203],"use.":[204],"robustness":[206],"verified":[210],"through":[211],"among":[214],"PSK":[215],"QAM.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-12T08:34:05.389933","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}