{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3046833517","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2021.3116429","title":"Password-Authenticated Decentralized Identities","display_name":"Password-Authenticated Decentralized Identities","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3046833517","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2021.3116429","mag":"3046833517"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2021.3116429","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2021.3116429","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.15881","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054220744","display_name":"Pawe\u0142 Sza\u0142achowski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0871-3729"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152815399","display_name":"Singapore University of Technology and Design","ror":"https://ror.org/05j6fvn87","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pawel Szalachowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore University of Technology and Design. (e-mail: pjszal@gmail.com)","Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0871-3729","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore University of Technology and Design. (e-mail: pjszal@gmail.com)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054220744"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5689,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70654842,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":null,"first_page":"4801","last_page":"4810"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.8362987041473389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.7244592308998108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7209560871124268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-infrastructure","display_name":"Public key infrastructure","score":0.6265908479690552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5524536371231079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.4456602931022644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.43285828828811646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.40755537152290344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.348534494638443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.1686187982559204}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.8362987041473389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.7244592308998108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7209560871124268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72648740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q658476","display_name":"Public key infrastructure","level":4,"score":0.6265908479690552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5524536371231079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.4456602931022644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.43285828828811646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.40755537152290344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.348534494638443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.1686187982559204}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2021.3116429","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2021.3116429","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2007.15881","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2007.15881","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.15881","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3046833517","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.15881.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2007.15881","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2007.15881","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2007.15881","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2007.15881","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.15881","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1919901073","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOE2018-T2-1-111","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320751","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3604214910","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AcRF Tier 2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320751","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6854926366","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Tier 2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320751","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7241363003","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOE2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320751","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7457883206","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RIE2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320751","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320751","display_name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01kcva023"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322724","display_name":"Ministry of Education, India","ror":"https://ror.org/048xjjh50"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3046833517.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3046833517.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1569083856","https://openalex.org/W1819010326","https://openalex.org/W2020401323","https://openalex.org/W2030112111","https://openalex.org/W2054702684","https://openalex.org/W2078872626","https://openalex.org/W2099175354","https://openalex.org/W2104112849","https://openalex.org/W2116428199","https://openalex.org/W2116876232","https://openalex.org/W2117455301","https://openalex.org/W2135444855","https://openalex.org/W2157604883","https://openalex.org/W2218132318","https://openalex.org/W2220632610","https://openalex.org/W2338858629","https://openalex.org/W2410750382","https://openalex.org/W2540350913","https://openalex.org/W2601330228","https://openalex.org/W2750954988","https://openalex.org/W2795336163","https://openalex.org/W2803925245","https://openalex.org/W2893198993","https://openalex.org/W2917112630","https://openalex.org/W2947718647","https://openalex.org/W2963997141","https://openalex.org/W2965442679","https://openalex.org/W2981575511","https://openalex.org/W3090834155","https://openalex.org/W3102661748","https://openalex.org/W3103516808","https://openalex.org/W4298051233","https://openalex.org/W4300127641","https://openalex.org/W6634010886","https://openalex.org/W6677548862","https://openalex.org/W6714240215","https://openalex.org/W6728998805","https://openalex.org/W6751185141","https://openalex.org/W6766417006"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3201954451","https://openalex.org/W1678774232","https://openalex.org/W758051780","https://openalex.org/W2327558613","https://openalex.org/W2292725457","https://openalex.org/W2386473536","https://openalex.org/W2085059730","https://openalex.org/W2198877898","https://openalex.org/W2102349355","https://openalex.org/W2074270668","https://openalex.org/W1189545173","https://openalex.org/W2145557219","https://openalex.org/W2079262069","https://openalex.org/W21159878","https://openalex.org/W2397416803","https://openalex.org/W3095273934","https://openalex.org/W3134923401","https://openalex.org/W1531500955","https://openalex.org/W1989085188","https://openalex.org/W2265342806"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Password-authenticated":[0,134],"identities,":[1],"where":[2,143],"users":[3,74,82,120,144],"establish":[4],"username-password":[5,149],"pairs":[6,150],"with":[7],"individual":[8],"servers":[9],"and":[10,32,39,64,77,90,140,151,165,206,212,219],"use":[11,152],"them":[12,47,153],"later":[13],"on":[14,216],"for":[15],"authentication,":[16],"is":[17],"the":[18,25,65,87,101,179,190,201],"most":[19],"widespread":[20],"user":[21,180],"authentication":[22,38,141],"method":[23],"over":[24,50],"Internet.":[26],"Although":[27],"they":[28,35],"are":[29,198],"simple,":[30],"user-friendly,":[31],"broadly":[33],"adopted,":[34],"offer":[36],"insecure":[37],"position":[40],"server":[41,183,187],"operators":[42],"as":[43,111,154],"trusted":[44],"parties,":[45],"giving":[46],"full":[48],"control":[49],"users\u2019":[51],"identities.":[52],"To":[53],"mitigate":[54],"these":[55,70],"limitations,":[56],"many":[57,104],"identity":[58,139,173],"systems":[59],"have":[60,86],"embraced":[61],"public-key":[62,106],"cryptography":[63],"concept":[66],"of":[67,103,112],"decentralization.":[68],"All":[69],"systems;":[71],"however,":[72],"require":[73],"to":[75,92,100,118,121,177,181],"create":[76],"manage":[78],"public-private":[79],"keypairs.":[80],"Unfortunately,":[81],"usually":[83],"do":[84],"not":[85],"required":[88],"knowledge":[89],"resources":[91],"properly":[93],"handle":[94],"cryptographic":[95],"secrets,":[96],"which":[97],"arguably":[98],"contributed":[99],"failures":[102],"end-user":[105,115],"infrastructures":[107,211],"(PKIs).":[108],"In":[109,129],"fact,":[110],"today,":[113],"no":[114,194],"PKI,":[116],"able":[117],"authenticate":[119,178],"web":[122],"servers,":[123],"has":[124],"a":[125,160],"significant":[126],"adoption":[127],"rate.":[128],"this":[130],"paper,":[131],"we":[132],"propose":[133],"Decentralized":[135],"Identities":[136],"(PDIDs),":[137],"an":[138],"framework":[142],"can":[145,174],"register":[146],"their":[147],"self-sovereign":[148],"universal":[155],"credentials.":[156],"Our":[157],"system":[158],"provides":[159],"global":[161],"namespace,":[162],"human-meaningful":[163],"usernames,":[164],"resilience":[166],"against":[167,200],"username":[168],"collision":[169],"attacks.":[170],"A":[171],"user\u2019s":[172],"be":[175],"used":[176],"any":[182],"without":[184],"revealing":[185],"that":[186,193],"anything":[188],"about":[189],"password,":[191],"such":[192],"offline":[195],"dictionary":[196],"attacks":[197],"possible":[199],"password.":[202],"We":[203,214],"analyze":[204],"PDIDs":[205],"implement":[207],"it":[208],"using":[209],"existing":[210],"tools.":[213],"report":[215],"our":[217],"implementation":[218],"evaluation.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-10T14:10:52.464848","created_date":"2020-08-07T00:00:00"}
